シャドーイング練習: Learn Present Perfect Easily in 9 Minutes - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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Hey guys, welcome to Lingua Marina.

Let's talk about English students' least favorite tense, which is present perfect, because it is so confusing.

I was taught at school that present perfect is a past tense, which is not, because if we look at its name,

it says present perfect, which means that yes, we're talking about our actions in the past,

but their result is still here with us in the present.

This is why it's present perfect.

It's a present tense and it's really important not to mix it up with a past tense.

It's really important to use it in the right way.

So today we're going to talk about present perfect.

One of the most important things to remember about present perfect is that we don't really care when exactly something happened.

For example, I say I've lost my keys.

I don't really care if I lost them yesterday.

I don't really care if I lost them a week ago.

I care about the result.

I've lost my keys and I can't get into my house.

This is the result.

And so it doesn't matter when exactly the action happened, it matters that the result is still here.

It's my present.

I can't get into my house.

The way we form this tense is that we use either have or has.

I have, you have, they have, we have, it, she, he, has.

After that, we use our verb in the third form.

And here, please pay attention, we have regular verbs where the third form is the same as second and is easily formed by adding ed,

play, played, played, stopped, stopped, stopped.

And we have irregular verbs that you have to learn run,

ran, run, bring, brought, brought, rise, rose, risen.

So we use the third form.

And please remember that some regular verbs actually change the way they're written.

So for example, say, said, said.

We get rid of Y in the second and third form.

And we add ID.

Study, studied, studied.

So just pay attention to the spelling of those words.

So we have has or have.

We have a verb in the third form.

And if it's a regular verb, we add ed.

If it's irregular verb, we just learn the third form.

And very often, we have a word that tells us that we have to use present perfect.

Ever, never, since, already, yet.

Remember what I told you? we don't really care about the exact timing of an action.

So whenever you have a year ago, in 1990, in March 2015,

that means that you would probably need to use past simple.

Because again, in present perfect, we don't care about the exact point at time.

We don't care about the exact day or exact year.

We just care about the result

so I have never eaten pizza in my life okay the result

if I try pizza it's gonna be something new for me

I've never eaten a taco I've been to Great Britain once

that means if I go now it wouldn't be a new country for me

but it doesn't really matter whether I've been in Great Britain in 2015

or 2020 in this case we use past simple i've been to italy many times also

when you are taking your toefl test when you're taking your ielts test

or whatever test that you're taking please do not contract your

verbs don't say i've been there don't write i've been there please say

and write i have been there this is formal academic english

and this is what's required from you when you're taking a formal test

when you're writing a formal essay of course

when you're chatting to your friends to your classmates

when you're recording a video on youtube

or watching my videos you're free to comment below oh my god i was scared by the slabs

when you're commenting on this video you can totally contract uh your verbs

and say i've been there i've enjoyed this video so much i've learned so much from this video

Marina you're an amazing teacher you are being too modest

so feel free to contract below this video but please don't use contractions

when you are taking an academic test the negative form in this tense is formed by adding not

I have not done this I have not seen this before

or if you want to make it shorter you can say I haven't done this before I haven't seen this before.

When you're forming a question in present perfect, this half goes into the beginning of the sentence.

Have you ever been to the United States?

If you want to add wh question, your wh word comes first who what

when whatever what have you done today this wh comes first

and then you have your have or has

and then you have your verb

or how many times have you been to the uk again your question comes first then you have has

or have and then you have your verb it is really important to learn the word order

because when you are speaking to a native speaker and And when your intonation is not right, when your word order is not right,

people might not understand you at all.

Because when you're talking to native speakers, they are used to talking to other native speakers

and it might be a little hard for them to understand you

if you have an accent or if you're mixing up word order.

This is why whenever you're learning something, please make sure you're learning everything.

Accent, word order, pronunciation, that's really important in any language.

Okay, when do we use Present Perfect?

We use present perfect to talk about actions that started in the past

or happened in the past and still have effect on our present.

I've lost my keys, I can't enter the house.

They've missed the bus, that means they will be late.

I've already eaten means I'm not hungry.

So we don't care about when exactly the action happened, we care about the result in present.

I've lost my money, I've lost my club, and now I've lost my guests.

We also use present perfect when we talk about our life experiences.

I've been to the UK.

I've studied in Germany.

I've done this so many times before.

When you talk about your experiences, about things you've done before, you use present perfect.

I've never driven before.

Also, if you have an unfinished time word, for example, this year, this week,

today, and want to talk about actions that have happened in the period that is still ongoing,

you use present perfect let me give you a couple of examples

100

we've already repaired our car twice this year oh my god

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and there might be another repair coming up you've already done so many things today

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you've accomplished so much during this day

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and you still have time to do something else

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you've already slept for five hours today stop sleeping come on time to work

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so whenever we have this ongoing time stamp we use present perfect yeah

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i've already seen someone cry today also quick difference between present perfect

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and past simple if you say i worked here for five years

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that means you're still working here if you say i worked here for five years

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that means you're no longer working here you see the subtle difference in using of tenses makes everything completely different

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and gives a completely different context to a person you're talking to And let me give you a quick exercise.

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He hungry in 1990.

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Which tense would you use here?

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Another example.

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He hungry two times.

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So in the first example, you have past simple because it has a timestamp.

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1990. He visited Hungary in 1990.

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But in the second sentence, you don't have a timestamp, you just have a number of times he has visited Hungary.

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So, he has visited Hungary two times.

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Guys, if you like how I teach you tenses, I have a whole course on English language tenses.

120

It's really detailed, really interactive, with a lot of exercises, because once you got information about tenses, you really need to practice them.

121

It has a lot of additional materials for you to practice, to learn, to print out, and put on your desk.

122

Only for you guys, because you're watching this video and you're watching up to the very end,

123

you're getting an exclusive promo code to take my course with a discount.

124

The link and the promo code will be below.

125

Thank you guys so much for watching this video.

126

I'll see you on my course where I will talk about other English language tenses

127

and explain them in more details with a lot of exercises.

128

So looking forward to seeing you there.

129

Please subscribe to this channel if you're learning English

130

and haven't subscribed yet because this is one of the mistakes you're making in your English language.

131

Like this video if you enjoyed this content.

132

I will see you very soon.

133

Bye -bye.

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Learn Present Perfect Easily in 9 Minutes」を教材にしています。繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：present, perfect, tense, verb, word。この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が133文、単語が1520語あります。音声の長さは9:09です。話す速さは1分あたり約166語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。単語の88%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。

単語	発音	意味
tense 名詞	/tɛns/	時制
verb 名詞	/vɝb/	動詞
formal 形容詞	/ˈfɔɹməl/	正式, 公式
hungry 形容詞	/ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/	空腹な, 飢えた
pizza 名詞	/ˈpi.tsə/	ピザ, ピッツァ
repair 動詞	/ˈɹiːpɛɚ/	修理する
accent 名詞	/ækˈsɛnt/	強音, 強調
subscribe 動詞	/səbˈskɹaɪb/	購読する
promo 名詞	/ˈpɹəʊməʊ/	プロモ
irregular 形容詞	/ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/	不規則な, 変則的な
desk 名詞	/dɛsk/	机
discount 名詞	/ˈdɪskaʊnt/	割引, 値引き
essay 名詞	/ˈɛs.eɪ/	エッセイ, 随筆
stamp 名詞	/stæmp/	印鑑, 印章
scare 動詞	/skɛɚ/	威かす, 驚かす

動画に出てくる句動詞

単語	意味
come up 動詞	上がる, 登る
look forward to 動詞	楽しみにする

繰り返し練習したい文

動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。

For example, I say I've lost my keys.
I don't really care if I lost them yesterday.
I can't get into my house.
Remember what I told you?
Which tense would you use here?

この動画の文法

話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。

文型	動画での表現
現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している	I've lost · have never eaten · I've never eaten
受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる	was taught · is easily formed · is formed
関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える	tense, which is · perfect, which means
「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないこと	might not understand · might be

注意したい発音

話し手はyou're, I've, don'tなど、短縮形や弱形を75回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。

「sh」と「zh」の音: accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/, unfinished /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, contraction /kənˈtɹækʃ(ə)n/, intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/
長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/, interactive /ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.tɪv/, pronunciation /pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃən/, intonation /ɪntəˈneɪʃən/

日本語話者が苦手な音：

/r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: formal /ˈfɔɹməl/, irregular /ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/
/v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: verb /vɝb/, interactive /ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.tɪv/
/f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: formal /ˈfɔɹməl/, unfinished /ʌnˈfɪnɪʃt/, confuse /kənˈfjuːz/

この動画での練習方法

まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。tense, verb, formalなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由

シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。

シャドーイングのやり方: ステップ別の完全ガイドを読む →

シャドーイング練習: Learn Present Perfect Easily in 9 Minutes - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ

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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント

この動画の重要語彙

動画に出てくる句動詞

繰り返し練習したい文

この動画の文法

注意したい発音

この動画での練習方法

シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由