シャドーイング練習: What have you done lately? Present Perfect Tense - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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98 文
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1
What have you done lately?
2
It's Saturday morning.
3
Andrew and Maria are doing their chores.
4
Their mother has asked them to do that.
5
That has been a hard job for me to do.
6
Mom has given me so many chores.
7
I have to take the dog for a walk now.
8
I have come home.
9
But where have you been?
10
I've been to the grocery store.
11
Have you bought bread and oil?
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Yes, I have.
13
Have you fixed the faucet?
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Yes, I fixed it finally.
15
It seems to be working fine now.
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I'm so happy to hear that.
17
And have you also mowed the lawn?
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No, I haven't done that yet, but I'm going to do it now.
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Maria, have you seen Andrew?
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He has just taken the dog out for a walk.
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I see.
22
Have you finished cleaning your room yet?
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Yes.
24
I have folded my clothes and I've put them away.
25
I have made my bed and I have vacuumed the floor.
26
But you haven't taken out the trash.
27
Oh, you're right.
28
I haven't done that yet.
29
And what about dusting the shelves?
30
I've already done that.
31
You've done a good job.
32
Let me give you a hug.
33
Oh, you have already come back, Andrew.
34
I've had such a busy day.
35
Mom, you've given me too many chores.
36
I have given you the same chores as usual, Andrew.
37
You haven't complained so much before.
38
Has something happened?
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I've had a busy week and I'm a little tired.
40
Then get some rest.
41
You have done enough for today.
42
I'm proud of you.
43
It's 5 p.m.
44
Everybody is in the living room.
45
The bell is ringing.
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I wonder who it is.
47
Mom, Dad, have you invited anyone over?
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It's a surprise.
49
Their cousins have come over with their parents.
50
Maria and Andrew are surprised to see them.
51
I'm so glad you finally arrived.
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We've missed you.
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We've missed you too.
54
I've brought you some delicious cookies.
55
Please help yourselves.
56
Thanks, Auntie.
57
We haven't seen you in a while.
58
What have you been up to?
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We've done a lot of fun things lately.
60
We have gone sailing in a yacht and we visited a museum.
61
Have you ever been on a yacht?
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No, we haven't.
63
But we have been on a ship once. And guess what?
64
I have learned to swim this week.
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You know I have always wanted to be able to swim.
66
That's so great!
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I'm really happy for you.
68
What about you?
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What have you done lately?
70
Well, I've participated in a singing competition this week And I've won!
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Wow!
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Congrats!
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You have the most beautiful voice I have ever heard!
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So you have finally overcome your fear of seeing you in front of a lot of people!
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That's right!
76
I have stopped being afraid now!
77
What about you, Bridget?
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You said you wanted to take violin lessons.
79
Have you started yet?
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Oh yeah, I have already had two lessons.
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I love playing the violin.
82
And I have joined a soccer team this week.
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You know, I have always wanted to join a soccer team.
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Yes, we know that.
85
Your dream has finally come true.
86
What about you two?
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What are your greatest dreams?
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Well, my dream is to be able to go to Egypt one day.
89
Have you ever been there?
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No, we haven't, but our parents have been to Egypt.
91
They have seen the pyramids in the desert.
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And they have ridden a camel.
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They have traveled a lot and they have done many amazing things.
94
We have only been to Mexico and Canada so far.
95
We've been to France and we've seen the Eiffel Tower.
96
Wow, that's so cool.
97
Thanks for watching.
98
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このA2レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「What have you done lately? Present Perfect Tense」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：Andrew, chores, finally, Maria, lately。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が98文、単語が628語あります。 音声の長さは5:34です。 話す速さは1分あたり約113語で安定しており、シャドーイングしやすいペースです。 単語の81%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。 全98文のうち20文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| soccer 名詞 | /ˈsɑk.ɚ/ | サッカー, 蹴球 |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 授業, 学科 |
| swim 動詞 | /swɪm/ | 泳ぐ |
| yacht 名詞 | /jɑt/ | ヨット |
| violin 名詞 | /ˌvaɪ.əˈlɪn/ | バイオリン, 小提琴 |
| participate 動詞 | /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ | 参加する |
| trash 名詞 | /tɹæʃ/ | ごみ |
| cousin 名詞 | /ˈkʌz(ə)n/ | いとこ, 従兄弟 |
| dust 名詞 | /dʌst/ | 埃, ほこり |
| congratulations | /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/ | おめでとう, おめでとうございます |
| desert 名詞 | /ˈdɛz.ɚt/ | 砂漠, 荒野 |
| arrive 動詞 | /əˈɹaɪv/ | 着く, 到着する |
| delicious 形容詞 | /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/ | 美味しい, 旨い |
| invite 動詞 | /ɪnˈvaɪt/ | 誘う, 招待する |
| overcome 動詞 | /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/ | 克服する, 征服する |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| come back 動詞 | 戻る, 帰る |
| take out 動詞 | 取り出す |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- What have you done lately?
- Have you bought bread and oil?
- Have you fixed the faucet?
- Have you finished cleaning your room yet?
- What have you been up to?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have you done · has asked · has been |
| 最上級 the -est / the most … — グループの中で一番 | the most beautiful · your greatest |
| 動詞 + -ing enjoy, keep, stop… + -ing — 後ろに-ing形が続く動詞 | finished cleaning · love playing |
| 現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていること | are doing · is ringing |
注意したい発音
話し手はI've, haven't, I'mなど、短縮形や弱形を29回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: trash /tɹæʃ/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, delicious /dɪˈlɪ.ʃəs/, shelf /ʃɛlf/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: participate /pɑːˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: violin /ˌvaɪ.əˈlɪn/, arrive /əˈɹaɪv/, invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/, overcome /ˌəʊ.vəˈkʌm/, vacuum /ˈvæ.kjuːm/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: fold /ˈfəʊld/, shelf /ʃɛlf/, faucet /ˈfɔsɪt/
- 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: swim /swɪm/, trash /tɹæʃ/, dust /dʌst/, congratulations /kənˌɡɹæt͡ʃəˈleɪʃ(ə)nz/, complain /kəmˈpleɪn/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- 通常の速度で一文ずつシャドーイングし、話し手のリズムに合うまで繰り返します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。soccer, lesson, swimなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。