쉐도잉 연습: Cambridge 19 listening test 2 section 4 - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기

레슨 만드는 중...
1
For my project on invertebrates, I chose to study tardigrades.
2
These are microscopic, or to be more precise, near -microscopic animals.
3
There are well over a thousand known species of these tiny animals, which belong to the phylum Tardigrada.
4
Most tardigrades range in length from 0 .05 to 1 mm,
5
though the largest species can grow to be 1 .2 mm in length.
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They're also sometimes called water bears, water because that's where they thrive best and bear because of the way they move.
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Moss piglet is another name for tardigrades because of the way they look when viewed from the front.
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They were first discovered in Germany in 1773 by Johann Goetzer, who coined the name Tardigrada.
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As I say, there are many different species of tardigrade.
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Too many to describe here, but generally speaking, the different species share similar physical traits.
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They have a body which is short and also rounded, a bit like a barrel, and the body comprises four segments.
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Each segment has a pair of legs, at the end of which are between four and eight sharp claws.
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I should also say that some species don't have any claws.
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What they have are discs and these work by means of suction.
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They enable the tardigrade to cling on to surfaces or to grip its prey.
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Within the body there are no lungs or any organs for breathing at all.
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Instead oxygen and also blood are transported in a fluid that fills the cavity of the body.
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As far as the tardigrade's head is concerned, the best way I can describe this is that it looks rather strange,
19
a bit squashed even, though many of the websites I looked at described its appearance as cute, which isn't exactly very scientific.
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The tardigrade's mouth is a kind of tube that can open outwards to reveal teeth -like structures known as stylets.
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These are sharp enough to pierce plant or animal cells.
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So where are tardigrades found?
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Well, they live in every part of the world, in a variety of habitats, most commonly on the bed of a lake,
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or on many kinds of plants, or in very wet environments.
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There's been some interesting research which has found
26
that tardigrades are capable of surviving radiation and very high pressure
27
and they're also able to withstand temperatures as cold as minus 200 degrees centigrade or highs of more than 148 degrees centigrade,
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which is incredibly hot.
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It has been said that tardigrades could survive long after human beings have been wiped out, even in the event of an asteroid hitting the Earth.
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If conditions become too extreme and tardigrades are at risk of drying out, they enter a state called cryptobiosis.
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They curl into a ball called a tun, that's T -U -N, by retracting their head and legs,
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and their metabolism drops to less than 1 % of normal levels.
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They can remain like this until they're reintroduced to water, when they will come back to life in a matter of a few hours.
34
While in a state of cryptobiosis, tardigrades produce a protein that protects their DNA.
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In 2016, scientists revived two tardigrades that had been tons for more than 30 years.
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There was a report that, in 1948, a 120 -year -old ton was revived,
37
but this experiment has never been repeated.
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There are currently several tests taking place in space to determine how long tardigrades might be able to survive there.
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I believe the record so far is 10 days.
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So, moving on.
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In terms of their diet, tardigrades consume liquids in order to survive.
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Although they have teeth, they don't use these for chewing.
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They suck the juices from moss or extract fluid from seaweed.
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But some species prey on other tardigrades, from other species or within their own.
45
I suppose this isn't surprising given that tardigrades are mainly comprised of liquid and are coated with a type of gel.
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Finally I'd like to mention the conservation status of tardigrades.
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It is estimated that they have been in existence for approximately half a billion years and,
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in that time, they have survived five mass extinctions.
49
So it will probably come as no surprise to you
50
that tardigrades have not been evaluated by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and are not on any endangered list.
51
Some researchers have described them as thriving.
52
Does anyone have any questions they'd like to ask?
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이 레슨을 통해 배울 것

이 비디오는 캠브리지 19 리스닝 테스트 2 섹션 4의 내용을 기반으로 하며, tardigrade(물베어)라는 미세 동물에 관한 설명입니다. 영상 영어 공부를 통해 과학적 주제의 영어 표현을 익히고, 논술적 발화의 리듬과 어휘를 연습할 수 있습니다. 특히 IELTS 스피킹 준비에 도움이 되는 체계적인 설명 구조와 전문 용어 사용법을 배울 수 있습니다.

핵심 어휘 및 표현

  • tardigrade: 물베어라고도 불리는 미세 동물로, 극한 환경에서 생존할 수 있는 특징이 있습니다.
  • cryptobiosis: 극한 환경에서 생명 활동을 최소화하는 상태로, tardigrade가 건조할 때 들어가는 상태입니다.
  • tun: cryptobiosis 상태에서 tardigrade가 구부러져 형성하는 구 모양의 구조입니다.
  • stylets: tardigrade의 입에 있는 침과 같은 구조로, 식물이나 동물 세포를 뚫는 데 사용됩니다.
  • mass extinctions: 대량 멸종으로, 지구 역사상 5번 발생했으며 tardigrade는 이를 모두 견뎌냈습니다.

연습 팁 (영어 쉐도잉 전략)

이 비디오는 과학적 설명이므로 발화 속도가 비교적 일정하고 명확합니다. shadowing site에서 영상을 반복 재생하며, shadow speech 기법을 적용해보세요. 먼저 전체 내용을 듣고 주요 포인트를 파악한 후, 2~3초 지연시켜 따라 말하는 방식으로 연습합니다. 특히 "there are well over a thousand known species"와 같은 복합 문장은 어순과 강세를 주의깊게 관찰하세요. 또한 "minus 200 degrees centigrade"와 같은 수치 표현은 정확한 발음과 리듬을 연습해야 합니다. 하루에 10~15분씩 지속적으로 연습하면, 영어 발화의 자연스러움과 듣기 능력이 크게 향상될 것입니다.

이 영상의 문법

화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.

문형영상 속 표현
수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점are transported · is concerned · has been said
현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때has found · has been said · has never been repeated
관계절 who / which + 절 — 사람이나 사물에 대한 추가 정보body which is · research which has

쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법

쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.

섀도잉 방법: 단계별 전체 가이드 읽기 →