Shadowing Practice: Climate Change: Crash Course Kids #41.2 - Learn English Speaking with Video
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1
Hey, what's the difference between weather and climate?
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You can't weather a tree, but you can CLIMB IT.
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But you already know the difference between weather and climate.
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And if it slipped your mind, psst, the definitions are right there.
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You know that the weather can change quickly, but climate can also change, just more slowly.
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And if you're good at putting two and two together, and I know you are, you probably already noticed that we use some of the same words when we talk about climate and environment.
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Words like temperature and rainfall.
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Coincidence?
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I think not.
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But science demands evidence, my friends.
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And while we've already seen that living things can change when environments change, we need to ask, how might a change in climate affect an ecosystem?
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First, let's talk climates.
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Through little me's travels, we found out that Yuma, Arizona had a hot and sunny climate.
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We decided this after finding out that although it rained once or twice during my long stay, most of the days were hot and dry.
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Now, the plants and animals that live in Yuma's hot, dry, sunny climate have adaptations that help them live in that desert environment.
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If we took a hike around Yuma, we might see a cactus.
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And if we took a closer and careful look at the cactus, we'd see that its outside is kind of waxy and tough.
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This adaptation helps the cactus save water by keeping the water from evaporating into the dry air.
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Now, say something happened to Yuma's climate.
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Say, over the course of about 20 years, there were even hotter days and less rainfall than before.
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When weather patterns change over a long period of time, we call it climate change.
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Would the cactus's adaptations be enough then?
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Let's find out.
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Let's look at some organisms that are part of a desert ecosystem.
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We have our friend the cactus, a kangaroo rat, a rattlesnake, and a desert fox.
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We can use a handy -dandy food chain model to see how energy flows between living things in this ecosystem.
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It would probably look something like this.
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The cactus makes energy by photosynthesis, and the energy goes from the cactus to the rat, then to the snake, and then to the fox.
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Now, although the cactus has adaptations that help it store and save water, it still needs rain.
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If it doesn't get enough in a drier climate, it's not going to have anything to store, and it's not going to be able to survive.
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And you know what happens when we take out the bottom of the food chain?
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It's like taking the wrong block in Jenga.
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We throw the rest of the ecosystem off balance.
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But that's not the only problem.
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Less rain and hotter temperatures mean less water to drink for all of the animals.
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And although they have adaptations too, like scales to help them retain water, that won't be enough to let them fit into a much hotter and drier climate.
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And globally, the climate is changing.
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Scientists who study climate change think that it's caused in part by changes to the Earth's atmosphere.
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An increase in gases, like carbon dioxide, is trapping more heat close to the Earth, acting like a blanket and making the Earth warmer.
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But scientists are hard at work trying to find solutions to climate change.
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For example, they're looking at ways to keep too much carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere.
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So, all living things that make up the Earth's biosphere have adaptations, characteristics that help them fit into their environment.
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Long -term changes in the Earth's weather patterns, called climate change, may have effects on the living things that make up ecosystems.
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Now if only I could change that joke I told at the beginning of this video.
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Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les
Deze video bevat 44 zinnen en 637 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 3:30. De spreker praat snel, ongeveer 182 woorden per minuut, dus reken op verbonden en ingeslikte klanken. 85% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden; de rest kun je beter vooraf bekijken.
Belangrijke woorden in deze video
15 minder gangbare woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:
- ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — ecosysteem. A system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.
- desert /ˈdɛz.ɚt/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — woestijn, woestenij. A barren area of land or desolate terrain, especially one with little water or vegetation; a wasteland.
- atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — atmosfeer, dampkring. The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.
- scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — wetenschapper, wetenschapster. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
- sunny /ˈsʌni/ (bijvoeglijk naamwoord) — zonnig. Featuring a lot of sunshine.
- rainfall (zelfstandig naamwoord) — neerslag, regenval. The amount of rain that falls on a single occasion
- dioxide /daɪˈɑksaɪd/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — dioxide. Any oxide containing two oxygen atoms in each molecule.
- trap /tɹæp/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — val. A machine or other device designed to catch (and sometimes kill) animals, either by holding them in a container, or by catching hold of part of the body.
- slip /ˈslɪp/ (werkwoord) — slippen, uitglijden. To lose one’s traction on a slippery surface; to slide due to a lack of friction.
- snake /sneɪk/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — slang, serpent. Any of the suborder Serpentes of legless reptiles with long, thin bodies and fork-shaped tongues.
- blanket /ˈblæŋ.kɪt/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — deken. A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually large and woollen, used for warmth while sleeping or resting.
- characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — trekje, karakteristiek. A distinguishing feature of a person or thing, a part of mental or physical behavior.
- coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — toeval. The property of being coincident, occurring at the same time or place.
- hike /haɪk/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — wandeling. A long walk, usually for pleasure or exercise.
- organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ (zelfstandig naamwoord) — organisme. A discrete and complete living thing, such as animal, plant, fungus or microorganism.
Phrasal verbs die je zult horen
- find out (werkwoord) — ontdekken, onderzoeken. To discover, as by asking or investigating.
Uitspraak om op te letten
De spreker gebruikt 7 samentrekkingen en verkorte vormen, zoals can't, doesn't, they're. Spreek ze kort uit, zoals je ze hoort.
- Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/
Zo oefen je met deze video
- Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
- Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
- Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als ecosystem, desert, atmosphere.
Grammatica in deze video
De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:
| Structuur | In de video |
|---|---|
| Mogelijkheid met “might / may” might/may + werkwoord — iets is mogelijk maar niet zeker | might see · may have |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — iets dat nu of in deze periode gebeurt | is changing · is trapping · they're looking |
Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?
Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.