शैडोइंग अभ्यास: Climate Change: Crash Course Kids #41.2 - वीडियो के साथ अंग्रेजी बोलना सीखें

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44 वाक्य
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1
Hey, what's the difference between weather and climate?
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You can't weather a tree, but you can CLIMB IT.
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But you already know the difference between weather and climate.
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And if it slipped your mind, psst, the definitions are right there.
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You know that the weather can change quickly, but climate can also change, just more slowly.
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And if you're good at putting two and two together, and I know you are, you probably already noticed that we use some of the same words when we talk about climate and environment.
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Words like temperature and rainfall.
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Coincidence?
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I think not.
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But science demands evidence, my friends.
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And while we've already seen that living things can change when environments change, we need to ask, how might a change in climate affect an ecosystem?
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First, let's talk climates.
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Through little me's travels, we found out that Yuma, Arizona had a hot and sunny climate.
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We decided this after finding out that although it rained once or twice during my long stay, most of the days were hot and dry.
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Now, the plants and animals that live in Yuma's hot, dry, sunny climate have adaptations that help them live in that desert environment.
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If we took a hike around Yuma, we might see a cactus.
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And if we took a closer and careful look at the cactus, we'd see that its outside is kind of waxy and tough.
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This adaptation helps the cactus save water by keeping the water from evaporating into the dry air.
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Now, say something happened to Yuma's climate.
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Say, over the course of about 20 years, there were even hotter days and less rainfall than before.
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When weather patterns change over a long period of time, we call it climate change.
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Would the cactus's adaptations be enough then?
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Let's find out.
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Let's look at some organisms that are part of a desert ecosystem.
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We have our friend the cactus, a kangaroo rat, a rattlesnake, and a desert fox.
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We can use a handy -dandy food chain model to see how energy flows between living things in this ecosystem.
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It would probably look something like this.
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The cactus makes energy by photosynthesis, and the energy goes from the cactus to the rat, then to the snake, and then to the fox.
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Now, although the cactus has adaptations that help it store and save water, it still needs rain.
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If it doesn't get enough in a drier climate, it's not going to have anything to store, and it's not going to be able to survive.
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And you know what happens when we take out the bottom of the food chain?
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It's like taking the wrong block in Jenga.
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We throw the rest of the ecosystem off balance.
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But that's not the only problem.
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Less rain and hotter temperatures mean less water to drink for all of the animals.
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And although they have adaptations too, like scales to help them retain water, that won't be enough to let them fit into a much hotter and drier climate.
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And globally, the climate is changing.
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Scientists who study climate change think that it's caused in part by changes to the Earth's atmosphere.
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An increase in gases, like carbon dioxide, is trapping more heat close to the Earth, acting like a blanket and making the Earth warmer.
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But scientists are hard at work trying to find solutions to climate change.
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For example, they're looking at ways to keep too much carbon dioxide from entering the atmosphere.
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So, all living things that make up the Earth's biosphere have adaptations, characteristics that help them fit into their environment.
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Long -term changes in the Earth's weather patterns, called climate change, may have effects on the living things that make up ecosystems.
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Now if only I could change that joke I told at the beginning of this video.

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इस पाठ की शब्दावली और बोलने के सुझाव

इस वीडियो में शैडोइंग के लिए 44 वाक्य और 637 शब्द हैं। बोला गया हिस्सा 3:30 लंबा है। वक्ता तेज़ बोलता है, लगभग 182 शब्द प्रति मिनट, इसलिए जुड़ी हुई और कमज़ोर ध्वनियाँ ज़्यादा मिलेंगी। 85% शब्द अंग्रेज़ी के 3,000 सबसे आम शब्दों में से हैं; बाकी शब्द अभ्यास से पहले देख लेना अच्छा रहेगा।

इस वीडियो की मुख्य शब्दावली

वीडियो के 15 कम प्रचलित शब्द, उच्चारण और अर्थ के साथ:

  • ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ (संज्ञा) — पारितंत्र. A system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.
  • desert /ˈdɛz.ɚt/ (संज्ञा) — मरुस्थल, मरुभूमि. A barren area of land or desolate terrain, especially one with little water or vegetation; a wasteland.
  • atmosphere /ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ (संज्ञा) — वायुमण्डल, वायुमंडल. The gases surrounding the Earth or any astronomical body.
  • scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/ (संज्ञा) — वैज्ञानिक, आलिम. One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research…
  • sunny /ˈsʌni/ (विशेषण) — धूपदार, आफताबी. Featuring a lot of sunshine.
  • rainfall (संज्ञा) — वर्षा. The amount of rain that falls on a single occasion
  • slip /ˈslɪp/ (क्रिया) — फिसलना. To lose one’s traction on a slippery surface; to slide due to a lack of friction.
  • snake /sneɪk/ (संज्ञा) — साँप, सर्प. Any of the suborder Serpentes of legless reptiles with long, thin bodies and fork-shaped tongues.
  • blanket /ˈblæŋ.kɪt/ (संज्ञा) — कंबल. A heavy, loosely woven fabric, usually large and woollen, used for warmth while sleeping or resting.
  • coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/ (संज्ञा) — संयोग, इत्तिफ़ाक़. The property of being coincident, occurring at the same time or place.
  • organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/ (संज्ञा) — जीव. A discrete and complete living thing, such as animal, plant, fungus or microorganism.
  • kangaroo /ˌkæŋ.ɡəˈɹu/ (संज्ञा) — कंगारू. A member of the Macropodidae family of large marsupials with strong hind legs for hopping, native to Australia and New Guinea.
  • cactus /ˈkæktəs/ (संज्ञा) — कैक्टस, नागफनी. Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.
  • biosphere /ˈbaɪəʊˌsfɪə(ɹ)/ (संज्ञा) — जीवमंडल. The part of the Earth and its atmosphere capable of supporting life.
  • dandy /ˈdæn.di/ (संज्ञा) — छैल, छैला. A man very concerned about his physical appearance, refined language, and leisurely hobbies, pursued with the appearance of nonchalance in a cult of self.

वीडियो में आने वाली फ़्रेज़ल वर्ब

  • look at (क्रिया) — हेरना. To observe or watch.

ध्यान देने योग्य उच्चारण

वक्ता 7 बार संक्षिप्त रूपों का प्रयोग करता है, जैसे can't, doesn't, they're। इन्हें वैसे ही छोटा बोलें जैसा आप सुनते हैं।

  • लंबे शब्द — बलाघात सही रखें: adaptation /ˌæd.æpˈteɪ.ʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, coincidence /kəʊˈɪnsɪdəns/, organism /ˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.əm/

इस वीडियो से अभ्यास कैसे करें

  1. पहले बिना बोले पूरा वीडियो एक बार सुनें और जो शब्द नहीं आते उन्हें लिख लें।
  2. 0.75× गति से शुरू करें, एक-एक वाक्य की शैडोइंग करें, और सहज लगने पर सामान्य गति पर लौटें।
  3. अपनी आवाज़ रिकॉर्ड करें और मूल से तुलना करें, ख़ासकर ecosystem, desert, atmosphere जैसे शब्दों पर ध्यान दें।

इस वीडियो का व्याकरण

वक्ता जिन संरचनाओं का सबसे अधिक प्रयोग करता है, वीडियो के असली शब्दों के साथ:

संरचनावीडियो में
“might / may” से संभावना might/may + क्रिया — जो हो सकता है पर पक्का नहींmight see · may have
Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — जो अभी या इन दिनों हो रहा हैis changing · is trapping · they're looking

शैडोइंग तकनीक क्या है?

शैडोइंग (Shadowing) एक विज्ञान-समर्थित भाषा सीखने की तकनीक है जो मूल रूप से पेशेवर दुभाषिया प्रशिक्षण के लिए विकसित की गई थी। विधि सरल लेकिन शक्तिशाली है: आप मूल अंग्रेज़ी ऑडियो सुनते हैं और तुरंत इसे ज़ोर से दोहराते हैं — जैसे वक्ता की छाया 1-2 सेकंड की देरी से। शोध से पता चलता है कि यह उच्चारण सटीकता, स्वर, लय, जुड़ी हुई ध्वनियाँ, सुनने की समझ और बोलने की प्रवाहशीलता में काफ़ी सुधार करता है।

शैडोइंग तकनीक: पूरी चरण-दर-चरण गाइड पढ़ें →