Prática de Shadowing: What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly (Part 3) - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Welcome to this video.
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This is part 3 of using surface mount technology to assemble PCBs.
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Electrical testing process.
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This is the last section of the process as you can see here.
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So So physical testing of printed circuit boards can also be carried out within the SMT production line.
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This is known as inline testing.
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However, it is more common for physical testing to be carried out offline in a separate area or test station.
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This is known as in-circuit testing.
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Although the generic term in-circuit testing or ICT is widely used within the electronics manufacturing industry,
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there are actually several different types of tester that are available.
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The type of tester required is dependent upon the manufacturing test process used, the volume and the boards that are used.
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Let's have a look at the different types of in-circuit tester.
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Let's start with the flying probe tester.
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In view of the issues of developing and manufacturing complete bed of nail access fixtures,
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they are costly and difficult to change if any component positions or tracks are moved.
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Another approach is to use a roving or flying probe.
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This has a simple fixture to hold the board
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and contact is made via a few probes that can move around the board and make contact as required.
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These are moved under software control so any board updates can be accommodated with changes to the software program.
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Another reason to use flying probes is the shrinking component size and denser chip scale packaging technologies.
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Manufacturing Defect Analyzer or MDA.
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The tester makes contact to the board under test using a bed of nails fixture
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and this means that a different fixture is generally required for each board.
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It needs to make contact with specific points on the board where often there may be test point
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or a land area for the probe.
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This form of tester offers a basic in circuit test of resistance, continuity and insulation.
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As the name implies it is just used for detecting the manufacturing defects like short circuits across tracks and open circuit connections.
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Automated X-ray inspection.
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AXI as is known is a technology based on the same principles as automated optical inspection or AOI.
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It uses x-rays as its source instead of visible light to automatically inspect features which are typically hidden from view.
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Automated x-ray inspection equipment can not only check the solder joints under components,
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but also reveal any defects in solder joints that may not be visible with ordinary optical inspection equipment.
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First off, sample inspection.
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The inspection microscope is generally used in FAI or first article inspection,
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which is required to ensure that the first product produced is 100% correct.
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In the SME industry, there is a need to ensure
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that the first off from any SMT assembly line is perfect before running the rest of the batch.
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Functional testing.
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At the end of the line, there needs to be a functional test to establish if the PCB actually functions and conforms to specification.
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The key features of the functional test are Identify errors in all functional aspects of the PCB
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Identify failure thresholds in the PCB when both upper and lower voltages are applied Simulate the operating environment for the PCB
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Verify speed, frequency, oscillations and other onboard timing elements Verify all input and output features conform to specification
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and establish all communication features are operational.
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Burn-in testing.
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Burn-in is a technique used as part of the quality insurance
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procedures where assembled printed circuit boards are operated under both normal and accelerated environmental conditions prior to shipment.
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Theoretically, any weak components would fail during the burn-in time allowing those parts to be replaced.
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Replacing the weak components would prevent premature failure, infant mortality failure, or other latent defects.
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On the right-hand side here, we can see a typical burn-in bathtub graph.
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We can see that the decreasing failure rate shows the early infant mortality failures.
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The constant failure rate covers the constant or random failures, whereas the increasing failure rate shows the wearout failures.
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This graph is failure rate over time
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Don't forget to check out our other videos in this PCB series
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You can contact us if you need any help with your projects at all in China And don't forget to like, share and subscribe to our channel
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And you see this little bell symbol If you hit that you'll get a notification each time we upload new content
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So thanks for listening, my name is Paul Adams from SofEast and I shall see you in the next video
📺 Mesmo canal
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível C1 usa o vídeo “What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly”. As palavras que mais se repetem: failure, board, circuit, testing, inspection. Este vídeo tem 56 frases e 769 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 5:51. O falante mantém um ritmo estável de cerca de 131 palavras por minuto, confortável para o shadowing. Apenas 77% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| probe substantivo | /pɹoʊb/ | sonda |
| fixture substantivo | /ˈfɪks.t͡ʃə/ | presença habitual |
| automate verbo | /ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/ | automatizar |
| defect substantivo | /ˈdiːfɛkt/ | defeito |
| solder substantivo | /ˈsɒl.də(ɹ)/ | solda |
| conform verbo | /kənˈfɔɹm/ | conformar-se, estar em conformidade com |
| assemble verbo | /əˈsɛm.bəl/ | montar, juntar |
| specification substantivo | especificação | |
| mortality substantivo | /mɔɹˈtælɪti/ | mortalidade |
| infant substantivo | /ˈɪn.fənt/ | infante |
| graph substantivo | /ɡɹæf/ | gráfico |
| bathtub substantivo | /ˈbæθtʌb/ | banheira |
| latent adjetivo | /ˈleɪ.tənt/ | latente |
| oscillation substantivo | /ˌɒ.sɪˈleɪ.ʃən/ | oscilação |
| microscope substantivo | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskoʊp/ | microscópio |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| carry out verbo | /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ | carregar |
| check out verbo | verificar, sacar só |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 3 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, you'll. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “th”: bathtub /ˈbæθtʌb/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: oscillation /ˌɒ.sɪˈleɪ.ʃən/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: mortality /mɔɹˈtælɪti/, oscillation /ˌɒ.sɪˈleɪ.ʃən/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, continuity /ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)u.ə.ti/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Faça shadowing frase por frase na velocidade normal, repetindo cada uma até o seu ritmo ficar igual ao do falante.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como probe, fixture, automate.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.