跟讀練習: What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly (Part 3) - 通過影片學習英語口語
選擇練習模式
每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。
56 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
Welcome to this video.
2
This is part 3 of using surface mount technology to assemble PCBs.
3
Electrical testing process.
4
This is the last section of the process as you can see here.
5
So So physical testing of printed circuit boards can also be carried out within the SMT production line.
6
This is known as inline testing.
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However, it is more common for physical testing to be carried out offline in a separate area or test station.
8
This is known as in-circuit testing.
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Although the generic term in-circuit testing or ICT is widely used within the electronics manufacturing industry,
10
there are actually several different types of tester that are available.
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The type of tester required is dependent upon the manufacturing test process used, the volume and the boards that are used.
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Let's have a look at the different types of in-circuit tester.
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Let's start with the flying probe tester.
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In view of the issues of developing and manufacturing complete bed of nail access fixtures,
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they are costly and difficult to change if any component positions or tracks are moved.
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Another approach is to use a roving or flying probe.
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This has a simple fixture to hold the board
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and contact is made via a few probes that can move around the board and make contact as required.
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These are moved under software control so any board updates can be accommodated with changes to the software program.
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Another reason to use flying probes is the shrinking component size and denser chip scale packaging technologies.
21
Manufacturing Defect Analyzer or MDA.
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The tester makes contact to the board under test using a bed of nails fixture
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and this means that a different fixture is generally required for each board.
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It needs to make contact with specific points on the board where often there may be test point
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or a land area for the probe.
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This form of tester offers a basic in circuit test of resistance, continuity and insulation.
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As the name implies it is just used for detecting the manufacturing defects like short circuits across tracks and open circuit connections.
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Automated X-ray inspection.
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AXI as is known is a technology based on the same principles as automated optical inspection or AOI.
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It uses x-rays as its source instead of visible light to automatically inspect features which are typically hidden from view.
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Automated x-ray inspection equipment can not only check the solder joints under components,
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but also reveal any defects in solder joints that may not be visible with ordinary optical inspection equipment.
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First off, sample inspection.
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The inspection microscope is generally used in FAI or first article inspection,
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which is required to ensure that the first product produced is 100% correct.
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In the SME industry, there is a need to ensure
37
that the first off from any SMT assembly line is perfect before running the rest of the batch.
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Functional testing.
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At the end of the line, there needs to be a functional test to establish if the PCB actually functions and conforms to specification.
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The key features of the functional test are Identify errors in all functional aspects of the PCB
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Identify failure thresholds in the PCB when both upper and lower voltages are applied Simulate the operating environment for the PCB
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Verify speed, frequency, oscillations and other onboard timing elements Verify all input and output features conform to specification
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and establish all communication features are operational.
44
Burn-in testing.
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Burn-in is a technique used as part of the quality insurance
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procedures where assembled printed circuit boards are operated under both normal and accelerated environmental conditions prior to shipment.
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Theoretically, any weak components would fail during the burn-in time allowing those parts to be replaced.
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Replacing the weak components would prevent premature failure, infant mortality failure, or other latent defects.
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On the right-hand side here, we can see a typical burn-in bathtub graph.
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We can see that the decreasing failure rate shows the early infant mortality failures.
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The constant failure rate covers the constant or random failures, whereas the increasing failure rate shows the wearout failures.
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This graph is failure rate over time
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Don't forget to check out our other videos in this PCB series
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You can contact us if you need any help with your projects at all in China And don't forget to like, share and subscribe to our channel
55
And you see this little bell symbol If you hit that you'll get a notification each time we upload new content
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So thanks for listening, my name is Paul Adams from SofEast and I shall see you in the next video
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節 C1 級別的口語課以影片“What is SMT (Surface Mount Technology)? PCB Assembly”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：failure, board, circuit, testing, inspection。 這段影片共有 56 個句子、769 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 5:51。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 131 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 77% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中最難的 15 個單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| automate 動詞 | /ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/ | 自動化 /自動化 |
| defect 名詞 | /ˈdiːfɛkt/ | 缺點 /缺點, 問題 /問題 |
| solder 名詞 | /ˈsɒl.də(ɹ)/ | 焊料 |
| conform 動詞 | /kənˈfɔɹm/ | 遵從 |
| assemble 動詞 | /əˈsɛm.bəl/ | 收集, 組合 /組合 |
| specification 名詞 | 規格 /規格, 規範 /規範 | |
| mortality 名詞 | /mɔɹˈtælɪti/ | 必死 |
| infant 名詞 | /ˈɪn.fənt/ | 嬰兒 /嬰兒 |
| graph 名詞 | /ɡɹæf/ | 圖表 /圖表 |
| bathtub 名詞 | /ˈbæθtʌb/ | 浴缸, 浴盆 |
| latent 形容詞 | /ˈleɪ.tənt/ | 潛在 /潛在 |
| oscillation 名詞 | /ˌɒ.sɪˈleɪ.ʃən/ | 振盪 /振盪 |
| microscope 名詞 | /ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskoʊp/ | 顯微鏡 /顯微鏡 |
| inspect 動詞 | /ɪnˈspɛkt/ | 調查 /調查, 檢查 /檢查 |
| theoretically 副詞 | 理論上 /理論上 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| carry out 動詞 | /ˈkæ.ɹi aʊt/ | 進行 /進行 |
| check out 動詞 | 退房 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 3 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, you'll。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: bathtub /ˈbæθtʌb/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: oscillation /ˌɒ.sɪˈleɪ.ʃən/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, shipment /ˈʃɪpmənt/, notification /ˌnoʊtɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/, threshold /ˈθɹɛʃ(h)oʊld/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: mortality /mɔɹˈtælɪti/, oscillation /ˌɒ.sɪˈleɪ.ʃən/, accelerate /ɪkˈsɛl.əˌɹeɪt/, insulation /ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/, continuity /ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)u.ə.ti/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 automate, defect, solder 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。