跟讀練習: When Can The NPI Process Begin? - 通過影片學習英語口語
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19 句
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When does it start?
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When does the NPI process start?
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Sure, so before NPI starts you've got your typical product development phase.
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So it's very important that product development is done thoroughly and
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that you are doing mechanical and electronic design for a consumer product
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and prototyping to a level that verifies that your product works and it has value-add as you anticipated.
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So that really needs to happen before you get into NPI.
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So I would say you would need a list of documentation
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from an engineering point of view before you could say that you're ready for the NPI phase.
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So this includes translating the requirement into very specific requirements, making it as specific as possible,
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getting the product design firmed up and frozen basically
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and also getting some prototypes that are relatively close but maybe not made with production tooling,
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not made with the same processes as would be in production
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but something that already looks more or less the same as the desired product and already works right, it already has to be functional.
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Yeah, it should have all the key features.
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Most likely there's going to be some known issues that need to be resolved.
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But as you said, the product requirements document should be established
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and it should be meeting 90% of that and then any known issues should be documented.
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And then the NPI phase can begin.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 19 個句子、234 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:32。 說話人語速自然，每分鐘約 153 個詞，接近日常對話。 89% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙容易理解。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 9 個不太常見的單詞，附發音和釋義：
- requirement /ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ (名詞) — 要求, 需求. A necessity or prerequisite; something required or obligatory. Its adpositions are generally of in relation to who or what has given it, on in relation to whom…
- prototype /ˈpɹəʊtətaɪp/ (名詞) — 原型, 雛形. An original form or object which is a basis for other forms or objects (particularly manufactured items), or for its generalizations and models.
- establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/ (動詞) — 確定 /確定. To make stable or firm; to confirm.
- functional /ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/ (形容詞) — 功能的. In good working order.
- resolve /ɹɪˈzɑlv/ (動詞) — 解決 /解決. To find a solution to (a problem).
- freeze /ˈfɹiːz/ (動詞) — 凍結 /凍結, 凍 /凍. Especially of a liquid, to become solid due to low temperature.
- translate /tɹænzˈleɪt/ (動詞) — 翻譯 /翻譯, 譯 /譯. To change spoken words or written text (of a book, document, movie, etc.) from one language to another.
- verify /ˈvɛɹɪfaɪ/ (動詞) — 校驗 /校驗, 驗證 /驗證. To substantiate or prove the truth of something.
- anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/ (動詞) — 預料 /預料, 預想 /預想. To act before (someone), especially to prevent an action.
需要注意的發音
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: mechanical /məˈkænəkəl/, documentation /ˌdɑkjəmɛnˈteɪʃən/, anticipate /ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 requirement, prototype, establish 這類單詞。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | be resolved · should be established · should be documented |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。