Prática de Shadowing: Why We Sabotage Our Own Happiness - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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For some of us, happiness and excitement never seem to last for very long.
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Every time we finally take pride in ourselves and develop a confidence about the future, something adverse seems to happen within a relatively short order.
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It might be something that we find ourselves actively doing that collapses our spirits, or we start to worry acutely about a matter that suddenly enters our minds,
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or an incident occurs from out of the blue that unsettles us.
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Maybe we read something online that seems mean-minded and worrying.
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Or we catch sight of ourselves in the mirror and feel repulsed.
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Or we suddenly think of something we said or did seven
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and a half years ago that may have been misinterpreted and misconstrued and start to panic.
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Or by some odd impulse that we really don't understand and so can't resist, we do something foolish and contrary to our normal values, which brings on guilt and shame.
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And as a result, we are brought back down to earth fairly sharply.
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We end up, only hours or days after the good mood began, in a familiar place of fear, anxiety and disappointment.
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It can be as if, without quite realising it, we are operating under some sort of secret law.
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Thou shalt never be exuberant.
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Thou shalt never live life too much to the full.
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Thou shalt never be too happy, thou shalt not believe in yourself, thou shalt worry a lot.
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Where might such perverse and sad edicts have come from?
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It may be the result of growing up in an environment where our flourishing was somehow deemed unwelcome and provocative.
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Had we ever been too conspicuously happy, we might have upset a parent who was battling a sense of despair
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or resignation and was furious at the deprivations they had once had to endure.
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We may have grown up to associate a low, fearful mood with safety.
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Sadness means you don't get attacked, it doesn't provoke envy, it keeps you out of trouble.
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Whenever happiness does seem on the cards, a part of us will hence be very keen to return us to a lower altitude as soon as possible.
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To achieve our ends, there may be some favourite websites we like to go to
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that confirm that we are unattractive or strange or in danger.
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We may provoke arguments, insults or offence.
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We've got a repertoire of secret skills to wipe the smile off our own faces.
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Were any of this to ring bells, we should ask ourselves what incentives against happiness and self-satisfaction might there have been in our early lives?
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Who might we have upset with our joy?
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Was there a conflict between our flourishing and someone else's sense of well-being?
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Then we need to reassure the frightened child in us
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that the person who demanded our sadness as a price for their protection is no longer in authority over us.
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We don't have to apologise for being attractive or intelligent or gifted or within reach of stability, sanity, potency and good spirits.
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We are, whatever we once believed, allowed to live without continuous sadness and fear.
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Vocabulário e dicas de fala para esta lição
Esta aula de conversação de nível C1 usa o vídeo “Why We Sabotage Our Own Happiness”. As palavras que mais se repetem: shalt, thou, ourselves, seem, sadness. Este vídeo tem 33 frases e 525 palavras para praticar shadowing. A fala dura 3:05. O falante fala em ritmo natural, cerca de 170 palavras por minuto, próximo de uma conversa do dia a dia. Apenas 80% das palavras estão entre as 3.000 mais comuns do inglês, por isso o vocabulário é exigente.
Vocabulário principal deste vídeo
As 15 palavras mais avançadas do vídeo, com pronúncia e significado:
| Palavra | Pronúncia | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| sadness substantivo | /ˈsædnəs/ | tristeza |
| provoke verbo | /pɹəˈvəʊk/ | provocar, irritar |
| flourish verbo | /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/ | florescer |
| acutely advérbio | /əˈkjuːtli/ | agudamente |
| conspicuously advérbio | conspicuamente | |
| deprivation substantivo | /ˌdɛp.ɹɪˈveɪʃən/ | privação |
| exuberant adjetivo | /ɪɡˈzuːbəɹənt/ | exuberante |
| frighten verbo | /ˈfɹaɪ.tən/ | intimidar, amedrontar |
| reassure verbo | /ˌɹi.əˈʃʊɹ/ | tranquilizar, acalmar |
| repertoire substantivo | /ˈɹɛp.əɹ.twɑɹ/ | repertório |
| sanity substantivo | /ˈsæn.əˌti/ | sanidade |
| unsettle verbo | /ʌnˈsɛtəl/ | perturbar, inquietar |
| fearful adjetivo | /ˈfɪəfəl/ | amedrontador |
| impulse substantivo | /ˈɪmpʌls/ | impulso |
| endure verbo | /ɪnˈd͡ʒʊə(ɹ)/ | aguentar, prevalecer |
Phrasal verbs que você vai ouvir
| Palavra | Significado |
|---|---|
| end up verbo | terminar, acabar |
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | have come · have been |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | have been misinterpreted · are brought |
Pronúncia para ficar de olho
O falante usa 6 contrações e formas reduzidas, como don't, can't, doesn't. Diga-as na forma curta, do jeito que você ouve.
- Os sons de “sh” e “zh”: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, deprivation /ˌdɛp.ɹɪˈveɪʃən/, reassure /ˌɹi.əˈʃʊɹ/, sharply /ˈʃɑɹpli/, foolish /ˈfuː.lɪʃ/
- Palavras longas — acerte a sílaba tônica: deprivation /ˌdɛp.ɹɪˈveɪʃən/, exuberant /ɪɡˈzuːbəɹənt/, misinterpret /ˌmɪs.ɪnˈtɜː.pɹɪt/, provocative /pɹəˈvɒk.ə.tɪv/, disappointment /ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
Como praticar com este vídeo
- Ouça o vídeo inteiro uma vez sem falar e anote as palavras que você não conhece.
- Comece na velocidade 0,75×, faça shadowing frase por frase e volte à velocidade normal quando ficar fácil.
- Grave a sua voz e compare com o original, prestando atenção a palavras como sadness, provoke, flourish.
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.