第 78 課 · 第 6 階段: 動詞句型
“it takes … to”
中級“It takes … to”
構成與用法
it takes + 時間/精力 + to 動詞 — 某事需要什麼
1.形式
It takes + 時間 / 精力 + to + 動詞 表示做某事需要多少時間或精力。it 是形式主語；只有 take 隨時態變化（take – took – taken）。
| 句型 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| It takes + 時間 + to + 動詞 | It takes ten minutes to walk there. |
| It takes + 人 + 時間 + to + 動詞 | It takes me ten minutes to walk there. |
| It takes + 時間 + for + 人 / 物 + to + 動詞 | It took a week for my ankle to heal. |
| It takes + 精力 / 品質 + to + 動詞 | It takes courage to say no. |
| How long does it take (+ 人) + to + 動詞? | How long does it take you to get to work? |
學習者常常用 lose 或 spend 搭配 it。以 it 作主語時，表示所需時間的動詞永遠是 take：It took me two hours to fix the printer。以人作主語時，用 spend + -ing：I spent two hours fixing it。
2.用法
1. 做某事所需的時間
It takes about two hours to get from Hanoi to Hai Phong by bus.
從河內坐大巴到海防大約要兩個小時。
It took me three years to learn to drive.
我花了三年才學會開車。
It only takes a minute to sign up.
註冊只需要一分鐘。
2. 問需要多長時間：How long does / did / will it take…?
How long does it take to boil an egg? — About seven minutes.
煮一個雞蛋要多長時間？——大約七分鐘。
How long did it take you to get your driving licence?
你考駕照花了多長時間？
簡略回答：It takes about an hour. / Not long. / Ages!（很久很久）/ It depends on the traffic.
3. 需要的精力、品質或東西：It takes + practice / patience / courage / money…
It takes a lot of practice to play the guitar well.
要把吉他彈好需要大量練習。
It takes courage to speak in front of a big crowd.
在一大群人面前講話需要勇氣。
4. 需要時間的是別人或別的東西：for + 人 / 物 + to + 動詞
It took six weeks for my visa to arrive.
我的簽證過了六個星期才下來。
It took ages for the bus to come.
公交車等了好久才來。
也可以把這項活動作主語：The journey takes six hours. / Getting a visa took us six weeks. 人也可以作主語：She took ages to reply.
3.take 的不同時態
| 時態 | 例句 |
|---|---|
| 一般現在時——通常、一般情況 | It takes me an hour to cook dinner. |
| 一般過去時——已經結束 | It took me an hour to cook dinner yesterday. |
| 現在完成時——到現在為止 | It has taken us three months to save half the money. |
| 將來時——預測 | It will take them a month to build the bridge. |
| would——假設 | It would take forever to walk there. |
| 進行時——仍在進行 | It's taking ages to download. |
時間已經結束時，用一般過去時，不用進行時：It took me five years to finish my degree.
4.take、spend、last、need
| 動詞 | 用法 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| take | 主語是 it 或這項活動；所需時間 + to + 動詞 | It takes me two hours to clean the house. |
| spend | 主語是人；spend + 時間 + -ing | I spend two hours cleaning the house. |
| last | 某個活動持續多長時間（不接 to + 動詞） | The film lasts two hours. |
| need | 主語是人；需要時間 | I need two hours to finish this. |
It took me two days to paint my room. = I spent two days painting my room.
我花了兩天時間粉刷我的房間。
5.常見錯誤
It takes me thirty minutes for walking to school.It takes me thirty minutes to walk to school.
it takes + 時間 + to + 動詞。
It spends me two hours to do my homework.It takes me two hours to do my homework.
spend 要以人作主語：I spend two hours doing…
It take me an hour to cook dinner.It takes me an hour to cook dinner.
it → takes（加 -s）。
It took to me two weeks to get over the flu.It took me two weeks to get over the flu.
人前面不加 to。
It has took me two years to save for this bike.It has taken me two years to save for this bike.
take 的過去分詞是 taken。
It needs two hours to drive from Hanoi to Ninh Binh.It takes two hours to drive from Hanoi to Ninh Binh.
it + to + 動詞的句型要用 take。
例句
- It takes about two hours to get from Hanoi to Hai Phong by bus.
- It took us ten minutes to find a parking space.
- It takes about an hour to bake this cake.
- It will take them a month to build the new bridge.
