第 33 課 · 第 3 階段: 計劃、請求與比較
用 “should” 提建議
初級Advice with “should”
構成與用法
should + 動詞 — 表示應該做的事
1.形式
should + 動詞原形（不加 to）。Should 是情態動詞：所有主語都用同一個形式，永遠不加 -s，疑問句和否定句也不用 do / does。
| 例句 | |
|---|---|
| 肯定式 | I / you / she / we / they should rest. |
| 否定式 | shouldn't (= should not) worry |
| 疑問式 | Should I call her? · What should I do? |
| 簡略回答 | Yes, you should. / No, you shouldn't. |
should 的用法和 can、will 一樣：直接放在動詞前面。只要記住：後面不加 to（不說 should to go），也不用 do（不說 don't should，也不說 Do I should…?）。
2.什麼時候用
1. 給建議——說某件事是個好主意
You've got a fever. You should see a doctor.
你發燒了。你應該去看醫生。
It's cold outside. You should wear a jacket.
外面很冷。你應該穿件外套。
2. 說某件事不是好主意
You shouldn't drink coffee so late at night.
你不應該這麼晚還喝咖啡。
Tourists shouldn't drink the tap water here.
遊客不應該喝這裡的自來水。
3. 徵求建議——Should I…?、What / Which / Where should I…?
Should I bring a gift to the party?
我應該帶禮物去參加派對嗎？
Which bus should I take to get to the airport?
去機場我應該坐哪路公交車？
What do you think I should do?
你覺得我應該怎麼做？（不說：What do you think should I do?）
4. 用 I think / I don't think 讓建議更委婉
I think we should leave now.
我覺得我們現在該走了。
I don't think you should lend him any more money.
我覺得你不應該再借錢給他了。（比 I think you shouldn't… 更自然）
5. 說你預計會發生或應該屬實的事
Minh left an hour ago, so he should be home by now.
阿明一個小時前就走了，所以他現在應該到家了。
The parcel should arrive on Friday.
包裹應該星期五到。
3.Ought to
ought to + 動詞原形 的意思和 should 幾乎一樣，但沒那麼常用，聽起來稍微正式一點。它主要用於肯定句；在疑問句和否定句中，人們幾乎總是用 should / shouldn't。
You ought to back up your photos.
你應該備份一下你的照片。
We ought to leave now, or we'll miss the bus.
我們現在該走了，不然就趕不上公交車了。
4.Should、must 還是 have to？
這三個詞的區別在於語氣有多強：
| 詞 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| should | 建議或看法——聽話人可以選擇不照做 | You should try the street food here. |
| must | 說話人認為必要或非常重要；也用於書面規定 | I must remember to call my mum. |
| have to | 因為規定或客觀情況而必須 | We have to show our tickets at the gate. |
帶警告意味的更強烈的建議，用 had better——見 “would rather” / “had better” 一課。表示必須，見“義務：must / have to / need to”一課。
中文的“應該”和“必須”分得很清楚，但要注意“要”既可以表示建議，也可以表示必須。如果只是建議，英語用 should（You should go to bed early）。Must / have to 可能聽起來像命令——除非你是在熱情推薦（You must try this cake!）。
5.Should 的其他形式
- should be + -ing——某人此刻應該正在做的事：Why are you watching TV? You should be studying!
- should be + 過去分詞（被動語態）：Raw meat should be kept in the fridge.
- should have + 過去分詞——本來是個好主意，但沒有做：I failed the test. I should have studied harder. 見“情態動詞 + have + V3”一課。
6.常見錯誤
You should to see a doctor.You should see a doctor.
should 後面不加 to。
You don't should drink coffee at night.You shouldn't drink coffee at night.
否定式是 shouldn't，不是 don't。
Do I should wear a suit?Should I wear a suit?
疑問句：把 should 放在主語前面。
My sister shoulds study abroad.My sister should study abroad.
should 永遠不加 -s。
What do you think should I wear?What do you think I should wear?
do you think 後面用陳述語序。
We ought go home now.We ought to go home now.
ought 後面一定要有 to。
例句
- You look tired. You should go to bed early tonight.
- It's cold outside. You should wear a jacket.
- Your eyes are red. You shouldn't look at your phone so much.
- The tap water here isn't safe. Tourists shouldn't drink it.
