跟读练习: Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 2 Section 4 - 通过视频学习英语口语
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Part 4 You will hear a student on a fashion design course giving a talk about the history of pockets.
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First you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.
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Thank you.
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Now listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.
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Good morning.
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Now, we've been asked to choose an aspect of European clothing or fashion and to talk about its development over time.
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I decided to focus on a rather small area of clothing, and that's pockets.
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I chose pockets for two reasons, really.
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We all have them in jeans, jackets, coats, for example, and even though we often carry bags or briefcases as well,
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nothing is quite as convenient as being able to pop your phone or credit card into your pocket it.
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Yet, I suspect that other than that, people don't really think about pockets too much, and they're rather overlooked as a fashion item.
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It's certainly very interesting to go back in time and see how pockets developed for men and women.
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In the 18th century, fashions were quite different from the way they are now, and pockets were too.
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If we think about male fashion first, that was the time when suits became popular.
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Trousers were knee-length only and referred to as breeches.
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The waistcoats were short and the jackets were long.
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But all three garments were lined with material and pockets were sewn into this cloth by whichever tailor the customer used.
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The wearer could then carry small objects such as pencils
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or coins on their person and reach them through a gap in the lining.
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Coat pockets became increasingly decorative on the outside for men who wanted to look stylish,
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but they were often larger but plainer if the wearer was someone with a profession who needed to carry medical instruments,
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a doctor or physician, for example.
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The development of women's pockets was a little different.
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For one thing, they weren't nearly as visible or as easy to reach as men's.
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In the 18th and 19th centuries, women carried numerous possessions on their person,
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and some of these could be worth a lot of money.
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Women were more vulnerable to theft, and wealthy women, in particular, worried constantly about pickpockets.
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So, what they did was to have a pair of pockets made that were tied together with string.
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The pockets were made of fabric, which might be recycled cloth if the wearer had little money, or something more expensive, such as linen,
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sometimes featuring very delicate embroidery.
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Women tied the pockets around their waist, so that they hung beneath their clothes.
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Remember, skirts were long then, and there was plenty of room to hide a whole range of small possessions between the layers of petticoats
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that were commonly worn.
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They would have an opening in the folds of their skirts, through which they could reach whatever they needed, like their perfume.
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Working women, of course, also needed to carry around items
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that they might use for whatever job or trade they were involved in, but their pairs of pockets still remained on the inside of their clothing.
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They just got bigger or longer, sometimes reaching down to their knees.
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So, the tie-on pockets went well into the nineteenth century,
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and only changed when fashion altered towards the end of that period.
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That's when dresses became tighter and less bulky, and the pairs of pockets became very noticeable.
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They stood out too much and detracted from the woman's image.
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Women who had been used to carrying around a range of personal possessions and still wanted to,
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needed somewhere to carry these items about their person.
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That was when small bags, or pouches as they were known, came into fashion, and of course,
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they inevitably led onto the handbag of more modern times, particularly when fashion removed pockets altogether.
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That is the end of part four.
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You now have one minute to check your answers to part four.
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Thank you.
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Thank you.
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you would now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“Cambridge IELTS 18 Test 2 Section 4”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：pocket, fashion, carry, became, answer。 这段视频共有 50 个句子、670 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 7:01。 说话人语速较慢，每分钟约 96 个词，你有足够的时间模仿每一个音。 只有 81% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，词汇难度较高。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| cloth 名词 | /klɒθ/ | 布, 布料 |
| skirt 名词 | /skɚt/ | 裙子, 裙 |
| breeches 名词 | /ˈbɹiː.t͡ʃɪz/ | 五分褲 /五分裤, 半長褲 /半长裤 |
| briefcase 名词 | /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/ | 公文包, 皮包 |
| embroidery 名词 | /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/ | 刺繡 /刺绣 |
| handbag 名词 | /ˈhændˌbæɡ/ | 手提包, 手袋 |
| pickpocket 名词 | /ˈpɪkpɒkɪt/ | 扒手, 三隻手 /三只手 |
| recycle 动词 | /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/ | 循環再造 /循环再造, 回收 |
| waistcoat 名词 | /ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/ | 坎肩, 背心 |
| overlook 动词 | /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/ | 俯瞰, 俯视 |
| garment 名词 | /ˈɡɑɹmənt/ | 衣服, 服装 |
| tailor 名词 | /ˈteɪlɚ/ | 裁縫 /裁缝, 裁縫師傅 /裁缝师傅 |
| linen 名词 | /ˈlɪnɪn/ | 亞麻布 /亚麻布, 麻布 |
| stylish 形容词 | /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ | 優雅 /优雅, 高雅 |
| perfume 名词 | /ˈpɝfjuːm/ | 香味, 芬芳 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | we've been asked · were lined · were made |
| 定语从句 who / which + 从句 — 补充说明人或事物 | men who wanted · Women who had |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 4 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, they're, we've。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: cloth /klɒθ/, nineteenth /ˌnaɪnˈtiːnθ/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/, theft /θɛft/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: stylish /ˈstaɪlɪʃ/, profession /pɹəˈfɛʃ.ən/, physician /fəˈzɪʃən/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: embroidery /ɪmˈbɹɔɪdəɹi/, decorative /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, altogether /ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: overlook /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/, whichever /wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/, decorative /ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/, inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, convenient /kənˈviː.niənt/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: cloth /klɒθ/, skirt /skɚt/, breeches /ˈbɹiː.t͡ʃɪz/, briefcase /ˈbɹiːfˌkeɪs/, detract /dɪˈtɹækt/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: recycle /ɹəˈsaɪkəl/, alter /ˈɔl.təɹ/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 cloth, skirt, breeches 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。