“so … that” / “such … that”

So … that 和 such … that 的意思是“如此……以至于……”：前半部分表示程度很高，that 从句说明结果。区别在于：so 接形容词 / 副词，such 接名词。

口语中经常省略 that：I was so tired I fell asleep on the bus。

看空格后面紧跟的是什么。只有形容词 / 副词 → 用 so。有名词（即使前面带形容词）→ 用 such。后面是可数名词单数时，such 后面要保留 a / an。

• The test was so easy that everyone passed.

  考试太简单了，所有人都通过了。

• It was such an easy test that everyone passed.

  这是一场非常简单的考试，所有人都通过了。（后面有名词 test → such an）

• The kids were so noisy that the neighbours complained.

  孩子们太吵了，邻居都来投诉了。

• They were such noisy kids that the neighbours complained.

  他们是一群特别吵的孩子，邻居都来投诉了。（复数 → 不加 a）

• She speaks such good English that people think she grew up in London.

  她的英语说得太好了，别人都以为她是在伦敦长大的。（English 不可数 → 不加 a）

修饰普通动词时用 so + 副词：He drove so carefully that…（不说：so careful）。

💡选 so 还是 such 只取决于后面跟什么。问自己：“空格后面有没有名词？”有 → such (a)；没有 → so。so + 形容词 + a + 名词（so good a film）这种结构也存在，但非常正式，很少用。

在表示数量的词前面用 so，不用 such：so many / so few + 复数名词，so much / so little + 不可数名词。Such a lot of 两种名词都可以接。

• There were so many motorbikes that the traffic didn't move for an hour.

  摩托车多得要命，交通堵了整整一个小时。

• I've got so much homework that I can't go out tonight.

  我的作业太多了，今晚出不去了。

• So few students signed up that the class was cancelled.

  报名的学生太少，课程被取消了。

• We had so little time that we skipped breakfast.

  我们时间太少，只好不吃早饭。

• There was such a lot of noise that I couldn't hear the teacher.

  太吵了，我听不见老师说话。

Very 只表示程度，后面不能接 that 从句。So … that 表示结果。Too … to 的意思是“太……而不能……”（超出可能或可接受的范围）——见“‘too … to’ / ‘enough to’”一课。不带 that 时，so / such 只是加强感情，语气比 very 更强。

• The coffee was so strong that I couldn't sleep.

  咖啡太浓了，我睡不着。

• The coffee was too strong for me to drink.

  这咖啡对我来说太浓了，喝不下。

• Thanks for the flowers — you're so kind!

  谢谢你的花——你真好！

💡不要说 very … that 或 too … that：I was so hungry that I ate two bowls（不说：very hungry that / too hungry that）。

• ✗It was so a good film that I watched it twice.

  ✓It was such a good film that I watched it twice.

  后面有名词 → such a。

• ✗The room was such cold that we wore our coats.

  ✓The room was so cold that we wore our coats.

  只有形容词 → so。

• ✗It was such nice day that we had a picnic.

  ✓It was such a nice day that we had a picnic.

  单数名词前要有 a。

• ✗The music was very loud that we couldn't talk.

  ✓The music was so loud that we couldn't talk.

  Very 后面不能接 that 从句。

• ✗There were so much people that we left.

  ✓There were so many people that we left.

  People 是复数 → 用 many。

• ✗She spoke so quiet that nobody heard her.

  ✓She spoke so quietly that nobody heard her.

  修饰动词 → 用副词。