Shadowing-Übung: Why Workers Stopped Getting Big Raises - Englisch Sprechen Lernen mit Video
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Kevin Warsh was on Capitol Hill as part of the semiannual monetary policy hearings that Congress holds.
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We're delighted that you're here.
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Your report to Congress is important, and we do count on the factual nature of that.
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The cost of living was a big theme in Bush's testimony.
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What I'm hearing from people in my state is that it's not necessarily full employment with good wages.
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Warsh himself acknowledged a number of times that inflation has been higher than 2% for 63 consecutive months.
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We think a lot about real take home pay.
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The part that the Fed can do a lot about is the real part. If inflation were lower, real take home pay would be higher.
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That's just the arithmetic.
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Wages are a pretty big issue for the Fed.
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As we were coming out of the pandemic and all of the stimulus was out there, it was having a tremendous effect on wages. Wages were through the roof over time.
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That has evened out. Of course, something like that's not going to continue forever.
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When we talk about wages, you have to take inflation into account. People have still gotten raises, but that has gotten eaten away by rising energy prices. The level of real wages has stayed flat or declined, even though people are still sometimes getting actually bigger paychecks than they used to be.
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Job switchers are getting a much better bang for their buck as far as wages go.
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Job stayers? Not so much people at the lower end of the income spectrum?
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Not so much in terms of whether wages are keeping up with inflation. People at the higher end of the spectrum are doing better.
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Wages have moved up at a reasonable pace, but it's likely that as productivity moves up more, we should see wages move more.
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So the Fed, in its report to Congress this month, said productivity is starting to look really promising. Productivity is basically how much gets produced for a given hour of work.
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Generally speaking, productivity is the thing that makes economic growth happen.
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The US economy for a long time was in a kind of productivity slump that people really worried about.
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The big question for a long time is, what is the United States going to do to try to get productivity to increase again?
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I think Kevin Warsh made AI as one of his top task force priorities because he wants to get out in front of the issue.
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If this cycle, Congressman, is like the previous positive technology shocks, the US will be richer, will be more productive, there'll be more labor, there'll be more wages, there'll be more compensation.
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Kevin Warsh personally selected the three members of this task force.
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They are Marc Andreessen, a venture capitalist, Charles Jones, who is a former Stanford economist who's recently gone to anthropic, and Asha Sharma, who is the CEO of Xbox at Microsoft. Those are all sort of big bullish pro tech voices. The kind of big changes that Kevin Warsh is talking about at the Fed have not really materialized. He's got a guy, for instance, advising him who says economic growth used to be 2% for 150 years in U.S.
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history. And now AI is going to make it be 5%.
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But those numbers really haven't shown up yet.
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Can you understand why a task force that is led by people in large part, who are likely to get richer by AI might not be the most credible people.
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The Fed can act on wages indirectly.
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It can raise or lower interest rates.
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It's not a perfect tool.
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It's not an exact tool, but it is the main tool that the Fed has to influence economic conditions.
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What we can do in making sure that people are confident that the change in prices is at such a level, that they don't have to think about it, and they don't have to talk about it.
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That is consistent with long term Treasury yields being lower, and that's also consistent with mortgages being more affordable.
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Kevin Warsh was sent to the Fed by Donald Trump with the anticipation that at some point, he's going to offer lower interest rates.
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And Chairman Warsh's contention behind the ability to do that is the fact that AI is going to result in a strong productivity boom.
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Warsh, his own colleagues don't believe that case right now. It's going to be interesting to see how well he's able to sell that.
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Wortschatz und Sprechhinweise zu dieser Lektion
Diese Sprechübung auf Niveau B2 basiert auf dem Video „Why Workers Stopped Getting Big Raises“. Diese Wörter kommen am häufigsten vor: wages, Warsh, productivity, Fed, Kevin. Dieses Video enthält 37 Sätze und 750 Wörter zum Nachsprechen. Der gesprochene Teil dauert 4:23. Der Sprecher spricht in natürlichem Tempo, etwa 171 Wörter pro Minute, ähnlich wie im Alltagsgespräch. 83 % der Wörter gehören zu den 3.000 häufigsten im Englischen; den Rest solltest du dir vor dem Üben ansehen.
Wichtiger Wortschatz in diesem Video
Die 15 anspruchsvollsten Wörter aus dem Video, mit Aussprache und Bedeutung:
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| productivity Substantiv | /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | Produktivität, Leistungsfähigkeit |
| inflation Substantiv | /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/ | Inflation, Geldentwertung |
| anthropic Adjektiv | /ænˈθɹɒp.ɪk/ | anthropisch |
| arithmetic Substantiv | /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ | Arithmetik, Rechenkunst |
| materialize Verb | /məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/ | materialisieren |
| semiannual Adjektiv | halbjährlich | |
| factual Adjektiv | /ˈfæk.tʃ(u)əl/ | faktisch, sachlich |
| indirectly Adverb | /ˌɪn.dɪˈɹɛk(t).li/ | indirekt |
| contention Substantiv | /kənˈtɛnʃən/ | Streit |
| anticipation Substantiv | /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/ | Erwartung, Vorausahnung |
| credible Adjektiv | /ˈkɹɛdəbl̩/ | glaubhaft, glaubwürdig |
| capitalist Substantiv | /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/ | Kapitalist, Kapitalistin |
| stimulus Substantiv | /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/ | Auslöseimpuls |
| economist Substantiv | /iˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ | Ökonom, Volkswirt |
| delight Substantiv | /dəˈlaɪt/ | Freude, Entzückung |
Phrasal Verbs, die du hören wirst
| Wort | Aussprache | Bedeutung |
|---|---|---|
| eat away Verb | /it‿əˈweɪ/ | aufzehren, fressen |
| keep up with Verb | mithalten, mit etwas Schritt halten | |
| show up Verb | auftauchen, erscheinen |
Grammatik in diesem Video
Die Strukturen, die der Sprecher am häufigsten verwendet, mit den genauen Worten aus dem Video:
| Struktur | Im Video |
|---|---|
| „Used to“ used to + Verb – eine frühere Gewohnheit oder ein Zustand, der nicht mehr gilt | used to be |
| Present Perfect have/has + Partizip Perfekt – eine vergangene Handlung, die jetzt noch wichtig ist | has been · has evened · have still gotten |
| Passiv be + Partizip Perfekt – wichtig ist, was geschieht, nicht wer es tut | is led · was sent |
Aussprache, auf die du achten solltest
Der Sprecher verwendet 10 Kurzformen und abgeschwächte Formen, zum Beispiel don't, there'll, haven't. Sprich sie in der kurzen Form, so wie du sie hörst.
- Die „th“-Laute: anthropic /ænˈθɹɒp.ɪk/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/
- Die Laute „sh“ und „zh“: inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, bullish /ˈbʊlɪʃ/, contention /kənˈtɛnʃən/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
- Lange Wörter – auf die Betonung achten: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/, materialize /məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/, indirectly /ˌɪn.dɪˈɹɛk(t).li/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
Laute, die Deutschsprachigen schwerfallen:
- Stimmhafter Auslaut — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ am Wortende nicht verhärten: materialize /məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, advise /ədˈvaɪz/, yield /jiːld/, consecutive /kənˈsɛkjʊtɪv/
- /æ/ — offener als „ä“: anthropic /ænˈθɹɒp.ɪk/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/, factual /ˈfæk.tʃ(u)əl/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/, capitalist /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/
So übst du mit diesem Video
- Höre dir das ganze Video einmal an, ohne zu sprechen, und notiere die Wörter, die du nicht kennst.
- Beginne mit 0,75-facher Geschwindigkeit, sprich Satz für Satz nach und wechsle zur normalen Geschwindigkeit, sobald es leichtfällt.
- Nimm dich auf und vergleiche mit dem Original; achte dabei auf Wörter wie productivity, inflation, anthropic.
Was ist die Shadowing-Technik?
Shadowing ist eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Sprachlerntechnik, die ursprünglich für die professionelle Dolmetscherausbildung entwickelt und durch den Polyglotten Dr. Alexander Arguelles populär gemacht wurde. Die Methode ist einfach aber wirkungsvoll: Du hörst englisches Audio von Muttersprachlern und wiederholst es sofort laut — wie ein Schatten, der dem Sprecher mit nur 1–2 Sekunden Verzögerung folgt. Anders als passives Hören oder Grammatikübungen zwingt Shadowing dein Gehirn und deine Mundmuskulatur, gleichzeitig echte Sprachmuster zu verarbeiten und zu reproduzieren. Studien zeigen, dass es Aussprachegenauigkeit, Intonation, Rhythmus, verbundene Sprache, Hörverständnis und Sprechflüssigkeit signifikant verbessert — was es zu einer der effektivsten Methoden für die IELTS Speaking-Vorbereitung und reale englische Kommunikation macht.