Практика Shadowing: Why Workers Stopped Getting Big Raises - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео
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37 предложений
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1
Kevin Warsh was on Capitol Hill as part of the semiannual monetary policy hearings that Congress holds.
2
We're delighted that you're here.
3
Your report to Congress is important, and we do count on the factual nature of that.
4
The cost of living was a big theme in Bush's testimony.
5
What I'm hearing from people in my state is that it's not necessarily full employment with good wages.
6
Warsh himself acknowledged a number of times that inflation has been higher than 2% for 63 consecutive months.
7
We think a lot about real take home pay.
8
The part that the Fed can do a lot about is the real part. If inflation were lower, real take home pay would be higher.
9
That's just the arithmetic.
10
Wages are a pretty big issue for the Fed.
11
As we were coming out of the pandemic and all of the stimulus was out there, it was having a tremendous effect on wages. Wages were through the roof over time.
12
That has evened out. Of course, something like that's not going to continue forever.
13
When we talk about wages, you have to take inflation into account. People have still gotten raises, but that has gotten eaten away by rising energy prices. The level of real wages has stayed flat or declined, even though people are still sometimes getting actually bigger paychecks than they used to be.
14
Job switchers are getting a much better bang for their buck as far as wages go.
15
Job stayers? Not so much people at the lower end of the income spectrum?
16
Not so much in terms of whether wages are keeping up with inflation. People at the higher end of the spectrum are doing better.
17
Wages have moved up at a reasonable pace, but it's likely that as productivity moves up more, we should see wages move more.
18
So the Fed, in its report to Congress this month, said productivity is starting to look really promising. Productivity is basically how much gets produced for a given hour of work.
19
Generally speaking, productivity is the thing that makes economic growth happen.
20
The US economy for a long time was in a kind of productivity slump that people really worried about.
21
The big question for a long time is, what is the United States going to do to try to get productivity to increase again?
22
I think Kevin Warsh made AI as one of his top task force priorities because he wants to get out in front of the issue.
23
If this cycle, Congressman, is like the previous positive technology shocks, the US will be richer, will be more productive, there'll be more labor, there'll be more wages, there'll be more compensation.
24
Kevin Warsh personally selected the three members of this task force.
25
They are Marc Andreessen, a venture capitalist, Charles Jones, who is a former Stanford economist who's recently gone to anthropic, and Asha Sharma, who is the CEO of Xbox at Microsoft. Those are all sort of big bullish pro tech voices. The kind of big changes that Kevin Warsh is talking about at the Fed have not really materialized. He's got a guy, for instance, advising him who says economic growth used to be 2% for 150 years in U.S.
26
history. And now AI is going to make it be 5%.
27
But those numbers really haven't shown up yet.
28
Can you understand why a task force that is led by people in large part, who are likely to get richer by AI might not be the most credible people.
29
The Fed can act on wages indirectly.
30
It can raise or lower interest rates.
31
It's not a perfect tool.
32
It's not an exact tool, but it is the main tool that the Fed has to influence economic conditions.
33
What we can do in making sure that people are confident that the change in prices is at such a level, that they don't have to think about it, and they don't have to talk about it.
34
That is consistent with long term Treasury yields being lower, and that's also consistent with mortgages being more affordable.
35
Kevin Warsh was sent to the Fed by Donald Trump with the anticipation that at some point, he's going to offer lower interest rates.
36
And Chairman Warsh's contention behind the ability to do that is the fact that AI is going to result in a strong productivity boom.
37
Warsh, his own colleagues don't believe that case right now. It's going to be interesting to see how well he's able to sell that.
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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку
Этот урок разговорной практики уровня B2 построен на видео «Why Workers Stopped Getting Big Raises». Чаще всего повторяются слова: wages, Warsh, productivity, Fed, Kevin. В этом видео 37 предложений и 750 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 4:23. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 171 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 83% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.
Ключевая лексика этого видео
Самые сложные слова из видео (15), с произношением и значением:
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| productivity существительное | /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/ | производи́тельность, продукти́вность |
| inflation существительное | /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/ | инфля́ция |
| arithmetic существительное | /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/ | арифме́тика |
| materialize глагол | /məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/ | материализоваться |
| paycheck существительное | /ˈpeɪ.t͡ʃɛk/ | зарпла́та |
| semiannual прилагательное | полугодово́й | |
| factual прилагательное | /ˈfæk.tʃ(u)əl/ | факти́ческий, действи́тельный |
| indirectly наречие | /ˌɪn.dɪˈɹɛk(t).li/ | косвенно |
| contention существительное | /kənˈtɛnʃən/ | спор, раздо́р |
| anticipation существительное | /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/ | ожида́ние, предчу́вствие |
| capitalist существительное | /ˈkæp.ɪ.tə.lɪst/ | капитали́ст |
| stimulus существительное | /ˈstɪm.jə.ləs/ | сти́мул, побуди́тель |
| economist существительное | /iˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/ | экономи́ст, экономи́стка |
| delight существительное | /dəˈlaɪt/ | восто́рг, наслажде́ние |
| colleague существительное | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | колле́га, сослужи́вец |
Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите
| Слово | Произношение | Значение |
|---|---|---|
| eat away глагол | /it‿əˈweɪ/ | изъеда́ть, изъе́сть |
| show up глагол | объявля́ться, объяви́ться |
Грамматика в этом видео
Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:
| Конструкция | В видео |
|---|---|
| «Used to» used to + глагол — прошлая привычка или состояние, которых больше нет | used to be |
| Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас | has been · has evened · have still gotten |
| Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает | is led · was sent |
Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание
Говорящий использует 10 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например don't, there'll, haven't. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.
- Звуки «th»: anthropic /ænˈθɹɒp.ɪk/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/
- Звуки «sh» и «zh»: inflation /ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/, bullish /ˈbʊlɪʃ/, contention /kənˈtɛnʃən/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
- Длинные слова — следите за ударением: productivity /ˌpɹɒdʌkˈtɪvəti/, arithmetic /æɹɪθˈmɛtɪk/, materialize /məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/, indirectly /ˌɪn.dɪˈɹɛk(t).li/, anticipation /ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:
- Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: materialize /məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, advise /ədˈvaɪz/, yield /jiːld/, consecutive /kənˈsɛkjʊtɪv/
Как заниматься с этим видео
- Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
- Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
- Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как productivity, inflation, arithmetic.
Что такое техника Shadowing?
Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.