Shadowing Practice: How a Super El Niño affects the global climate - Learn English Speaking with Video
Elige un modo de práctica
Cada modo abre una sala de práctica a pantalla completa.
66 oraciones
Si las oraciones son demasiado cortas o largas, haz clic en Editar para ajustarlas.
1
Strange things are happening around the Pacific Ocean right now.
2
A 10-foot great white shark spotted dangerously close to a group of children swimming north of Los Angeles.
3
Hundreds of hungry pelicans are flocking to Peruvian ports and coastal markets.
4
The worst winter storm front to hit Chile in more than a decade.
5
And all signs point to El Nino as a major reason why.
6
The number of climate models are calling for the possibility of a Super El Nino brewing this summer.
7
El Nino is not uncommon.
8
This climate phenomenon occurs every few years, but this one could be different.
9
It's been called a potential super or Godzilla El Nino, and it could fuel extreme and dangerous weather conditions globally through 2027.
10
So now seems like a good time to explain the science behind El Nino, how strong this one might be, and how it could impact our global ecosystem.
11
And El Nino gets declared when trade winds shift and temperatures rise in the Pacific Ocean.
12
The trade winds along the equator are constantly blowing from the east to the west.
13
They're called the trade winds because hundreds of years ago, the sailing ships could rely on those steady winds to move them across the Pacific.
14
And they essentially pile up warm water in the far western Pacific.
15
When they slow down, even briefly, they can allow that warm water to slide backwards under the surface of the ocean.
16
All of that water will become warm as those trade winds weaken.
17
And then when they hit about a half a degree centigrade, about one degree Fahrenheit over the central Pacific,
18
then our team here will declare an El Nino event.
19
Noah says the El Nino has officially begun.
20
El Nino is a part of the naturally recurring climate pattern known as the El Nino Southern Oscillation or ENSO.
21
That acronym ENSO, El Nino Southern Oscillation, it encompasses the entire El Niño and La Niña system.
22
La Niña is the opposite phase with cooler than average surface temperature.
23
And generally we see swings between the two.
24
They tend to recur on a two to seven year cycle.
25
There's also a neutral phase in the middle when neither El Niño nor La Niña are present.
26
So El Niño is just a normal part of this constantly replaying cycle in the ocean.
27
But what's not normal is how strong scientists are predicting that this current El Nino could become.
28
We do have a grading system.
29
We actually grade it based on the sea surface temperatures in the Central Pacific, greater than 2 degrees Celsius, which is about 3.8 degrees Fahrenheit.
30
It's a very strong El Nino.
31
We have an 81% chance of being in a very strong El Nino.
32
That's the highest odds I've seen for that.
33
The atmospheric response scales with that.
34
So if that temperature is much,
35
much warmer than average, then that's a stronger El Nino and has a stronger influence over global atmospheric circulations.
36
A contributing factor to the strength of this El Nino is what's known as a Kelvin wave,
37
a 9,000-mile-long warm water mass moving across the Pacific that's a whopping 7.5 degrees Celsius
38
or 13.5 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the average.
39
That warm water moving under the surface, it rises up as it moves to the east
40
and provides a source of heat for the surface and therefore feeds an El Nino event.
41
We've only seen El Ninos with this much strength a few times in the past.
42
From 1877 to 1878, an El Nino caused a famine that killed millions of people.
43
From 1982 to 1983, a superpowered El Nino brought drought to nearly every continent and destructive floods in North and South America.
44
And another from 1997 to 98 caused widespread record rainfalls, mudslides, wildfires, and coral bleaching.
45
So what can we expect with the strength of the current El Nino continuing to gather over the coming months?
46
The World Meteorological Organization's seasonal outlook is predicting temperatures and rainfall far outside of global averages.
47
And a stronger El Nino means more intense shifts in weather.
48
It makes a parade of storms more likely to happen.
49
Because El Nino can shift rain away from where it normally falls, it's not just that wetness or dryness increases, but where it increases.
50
In places that aren't necessarily used to dealing with those conditions.
51
You can get a lot of these kind of pattern changes.
52
There's parts of western Chile, the Atacama Desert, that, you know, they don't get rain maybe once every 25 years, but they do when it's in El Nino.
53
More wetness into Southern California, across Arizona, Texas.
54
The potential risk of extreme weather events is higher given the strength of this El Nino.
55
Droughts in Southern Asia, flooding in the Americas, and hurricanes forming in the East Pacific Ocean.
56
They can bring a lot more rainfall to Peru, Ecuador, and Chile and have devastating consequences there.
57
We see drier conditions in Indonesia, which can contribute to wildfires.
58
The far eastern Pacific can be, the water can be quite a lot warmer than average,
59
and that has a lot of implications for fish and for species that depend on fish.
60
Those sharks that are showing up on the beaches of Southern California, they're heading north of their usual habitat because their normal hangouts have gotten too warm,
61
and the fish that they eat are migrating to cooler, more nutrient-rich water.
62
And as this El Nino gathers strength, it appears it will continue through the winter when it's expected to peak.
63
North America, southern Australia, and some other regions like that, we expect those impacts to be greater in the winter.
64
More rain, especially in the southern tier of the US.
65
Historically, we have seen snowier winters during El Nino, largely because of that increased moisture.
66
But even with that foresight, we still face a test of what some are calling one of the strongest El Ninos ever recorded.
Descargar app
Todo lo que necesitas para hablar con fluidez
Pronunciación con IAEvalúa cada oración
Práctica de IPADomina cada sonido
VocabularioConstruye tu banco de palabras
Juego de vocabularioAprende mientras juegas
📺 Mismo canal
C11
The surprising pattern behind color names around the world
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
Sen. Murphy vs. Trump's corruption | Today, Explained
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
White, pink, and brown noise, explained #shorts
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B26
Five things you need to know for the 2026 midterms | America, Actually
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B24
Why are weddings so damn expensive?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Are headphones destroying our hearing?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
How to be less neurotic | The Gray Area
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B22
We’re already using AI more than we realize
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
The Ticketmaster monopoly is over, now what?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The biggest peach myth in America
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B28
How to solve problems like a designer
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The origin of the '80s aesthetic
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B217
Why “Buy one, get one free” isn’t a great deal
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
How F1 drivers survive their own cars
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B210
Why 350°F is the magic number for baking
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B26
How did pink become a girly color?
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
The real reason Boeing's new plane crashed twice
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B21
Food waste is the world's dumbest problem
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B21
Why AI art struggles with hands
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
B22
How the rich avoid paying taxes
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
✨ Recomendar Video
C110
99 oraciones
El Niño: A global warning | Vietnam Today
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B25
207 oraciones
Why Do Deep Oceans Have So Many Giants?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B215
37 oraciones
Climate Change: How does it really work? | ClimateScience #1
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
400 oraciones
Video
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C1413
29 oraciones
Nature Is Speaking: Joan Chen is Sky | Conservation International (CI)
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C12
139 oraciones
Believers, is this a prophecy unfolding?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
C15
101 oraciones
The Most Extreme Explosion in the Universe
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B235
31 oraciones
Untangled: What's eating our planet?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B21
81 oraciones
Do Penguins Control the Weather?
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B24
38 oraciones
Coral Bleaching: A Marine Biologist Explains
American AccentBritish AccentIELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
341 oraciones
Why is this one spot not warming?
IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
B25
219 oraciones
Something’s Happening to the Ozone Hole
American AccentIELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Vocabulario y notas de pronunciación para esta lección
Esta lección de conversación de nivel B2 se basa en el vídeo “How a Super El Niño affects the global climate”. Las palabras que más se repiten: Nino, Pacific, southern, warm, degree. Este vídeo tiene 66 frases y 989 palabras para practicar shadowing. La parte hablada dura 6:19. El hablante habla a un ritmo natural de unas 156 palabras por minuto, cercano a una conversación cotidiana. Solo el 78 % de las palabras está entre las 3.000 más comunes del inglés, por lo que el vocabulario es exigente.
Vocabulario clave de este vídeo
Las 15 palabras más avanzadas del vídeo, con su pronunciación y significado:
| Palabra | Pronunciación | Significado |
|---|---|---|
| rainfall sustantivo | cantidad pluvial, cuantía lluvial | |
| recur verbo | /ɹɪˈkɜː/ | repetirse, volver a acontecer |
| wetness sustantivo | /ˈwɛt.nəs/ | humedad |
| wildfire sustantivo | /ˈwaɪldˌfaɪər/ | incendio forestal, fuego incontrolado |
| atmospheric adjetivo | /ˌætməsˈfɛɹɪk/ | atmosférico |
| drought sustantivo | /ˈdɹaʊ̯t/ | sequía, seca |
| declare verbo | /dɪˈklɛɚ/ | explicar, aclarar |
| predict verbo | /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ | predecir |
| acronym sustantivo | /ˈækɹənɪm/ | sigla, acrónimo |
| dangerously adverbio | peligrosamente | |
| devastate verbo | /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/ | devastar |
| dryness sustantivo | /ˈdɹaɪ.nəs/ | sequedad, aridez |
| encompass verbo | /ɪnˈkʌmpəs/ | circundar |
| equator sustantivo | /ɪˈkweɪ.tɚ/ | ecuador, línea ecuatorial |
| foresight sustantivo | /ˈfɔɹsaɪt/ | previsión, profecía |
Phrasal verbs que vas a escuchar
| Palabra | Significado |
|---|---|
| pile up verbo | arrumar, apilar |
| slow down verbo | desacelerar, decelerar |
Gramática en este vídeo
Las estructuras que más usa el hablante, con las palabras exactas del vídeo:
| Estructura | En el vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio pasado — una acción pasada que sigue importando ahora | It's been called · I've seen · We've only seen |
| Oraciones de relativo who / which + oración — información extra sobre una persona o cosa | Celsius, which is · Indonesia, which can |
Pronunciación a tener en cuenta
El hablante usa 6 contracciones y formas reducidas, como they're, aren't, don't. Dilas en su forma corta, tal como las oyes.
- Los sonidos de “sh” y “zh”: implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/
- Palabras largas — cuida el acento: atmospheric /ˌætməsˈfɛɹɪk/, implication /ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/, ecosystem /ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/, circulation /ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/
Sonidos difíciles para hispanohablantes:
- /v/ — no es /b/: los dientes tocan el labio inferior: devastate /ˈdɛv.ə.steɪt/, destructive /dɪˈstɹʌktɪv/
- /h/ — una aspiración suave, no la “j”: whopping /ˈ(h)wɑpɪŋ/, habitat /ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/, historically /hɪˈstɔɹɪkli/, hurricane /ˈhʌɹɪkeɪn/
Cómo practicar con este vídeo
- Escucha el vídeo entero una vez sin hablar y anota las palabras que no conoces.
- Empieza a velocidad 0,75×, haz shadowing frase por frase y vuelve a la velocidad normal cuando te resulte fácil.
- Grábate y compara con el original, prestando atención a palabras como rainfall, recur, wetness.
¿Qué es la Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing es una técnica de aprendizaje de idiomas respaldada por la ciencia, desarrollada originalmente para la formación de intérpretes profesionales y popularizada por el políglota Dr. Alexander Arguelles. El método es simple pero poderoso: escuchas audio en inglés nativo y lo repites en voz alta de inmediato, como una sombra que sigue al hablante con solo 1-2 segundos de retraso. A diferencia de la escucha pasiva o los ejercicios de gramática, el shadowing obliga a tu cerebro y músculos de la boca a procesar y reproducir simultáneamente patrones de habla reales. Las investigaciones muestran que mejora significativamente la precisión de la pronunciación, la entonación, el ritmo, el habla conectada, la comprensión auditiva y la fluidez al hablar, convirtiéndola en una de las metodologías más efectivas para la preparación del IELTS Speaking y la comunicación en inglés en el mundo real.