Pratique du Shadowing: Podcast 11 | How reading shapes your brain - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
1
Welcome to 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
2
I'm Bekah.
3
And I'm Georgie.
4
Remember, you can find all this episode's vocabulary along with a transcript and worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish .com.
5
Now, Becca, do you read a lot?
6
Hmm, I don't read often.
7
I just feel like I don't have the time, Georgie.
8
How about yourself?
9
I would love to read more, but I don't read very much at the moment.
10
I read mostly before bed because I feel like it helps me relax and go to sleep.
11
And today we're talking all about reading.
12
We'll be hearing from some experts about how reading can change our brains.
13
And as usual, we'll be learning some useful new words and phrases.
14
Let's start with a quiz question.
15
The longest novel in the world is widely thought to be by French author Marcel Proust.
16
A book which, when translated into English, means remembrance of things past.
17
But how many words does the book contain?
18
Is it A, 130 ,000?
19
1 .3 million or C 13 million.
20
Okay the longest novel in the world.
21
I still think 13 million words sounds too many so I'm going to go with B 1 .3 million.
22
All right we'll find out at the end of the program.
23
Now, we might think of reading as like speaking.
24
We're born with the potential to do it, and then we learn.
25
It's natural.
26
If something is natural, it's something you were born with or that comes from nature.
27
But Marianne Wolfe, author of the book Reader Come Home, says that this isn't true.
28
we think of language as natural and Reading is written language, so it must be natural.
29
But it isn't.
30
It isn't natural at all.
31
Scientific studies suggest that when we're born, our brains already have the networks that allow our eyes to see and our vocal cords to produce sounds,
32
but not with the pathways we need to read.
33
Let's hear more from psychologist and neuroscientist Rebecca Gottlieb speaking to the BBC World Service.
34
From an evolutionary timescale, our brain hasn't had enough time to develop a dedicated reading brain.
35
And so to build a reading brain network,
36
we co -opt parts of the brain involved in vision and auditory processing and language and attention and affect.
37
Reading is really a whole brain process.
38
It involves activation in all four lobes of the cortex.
39
The process of developing a reading brain alters everything from brain activity to brain structure and brain connectivity.
40
The power of deep reading is really fundamental to our humanity.
41
When we read deeply, we change our brains and we change who we are.
42
Rebecca says that our brains haven't evolved to include a dedicated reading brain.
43
Dedicated here means designed and used for one particular purpose.
44
So, because we don't have a part of the brain designed specifically for reading, when we learn to read, we co -opt other parts of the brain.
45
Co -opt here means to include someone their will.
46
Right, learning to read means using lots of different parts of the brain
47
that are designed for other things and this changes our brain structure compared to someone who hasn't learned to read.
48
And the language we read also shapes our brain.
49
Chinese characters, for example, use symbols instead of letters of the alphabet to represent words and ideas.
50
Research suggests that learning to read these symbols activates different areas of the brain to reading an alphabet -based system.
51
Scientists studied a bilingual man who could read and speak Chinese and English.
52
The man suffered a stroke which affected parts of his brain, including his ability to read Chinese.
53
But amazingly, he was still able to read English.
54
Marianne Worf explains more to the BBC World Service.
55
It's a beautiful example of how the brain circuit reflects the requirements of Chinese,
56
which inevitably means more visual memory and visual processing of those beautifully intricate symbols or characters.
57
Mary Ann says that the brain circuit is shaped by learning to read Chinese.
58
A circuit is a system of connections.
59
inevitably mean more visual areas of the brain are developed.
60
Inevitably means in a way that cannot be stopped or avoided.
61
Marianne describes the symbolic Chinese characters as beautifully intricate.
62
If something is intricate, it has lots of detail.
63
And something which also has lots of detail, or certainly lots of words,
64
I asked you, Georgie, how many words are in Marcel Proust's Remembrance of Things Past?
65
I said 1 .3 million.
66
And you were correct!
67
Yay!
68
One sentence with 900 words, that is a lot.
69
Okay, it's time to recap the language we learned during this programme, starting with natural, which describes something you were born with or that comes from nature.
70
Dedicated can describe something that is designed and used for one particular purpose.
71
If you co -opt someone or something, you involve them, sometimes against their will.
72
A circuit is a system of connections, for example, in the brain.
73
Inevitably means in a way that cannot be stopped or avoided.
74
And intricate describes something which has lots of detail.
75
That's it for this episode of 6 Minute English.
76
Test what you've learned with the worksheet on our website, bbclearningenglish .com.
77
Goodbye.
78
Bye.
✨ Vidéo recommandée
B21
246 phrases
What Reading Out Loud Does to Your Brain
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B232
16 phrases
Your Brain Peaked at Birth
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B18
301 phrases
English Podcast for Learning English | How Culture Shapes Our Behaviour | English Leap Podcast
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2426 phrases
Read your way to better English - a British Council English podcast
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B16
686 phrases
Habits That Make You Smarter | Train Your Brain And Think Better Every Day | Improve Your English
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B16
199 phrases
How to Learn Faster without Burning Out? | 🎧Podcast and Chill | Intermediate
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
B12
10 phrases
🧠🇬🇧 The English Memory Trick Scientists Recommend | English Reading and Listening Practice #english
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B119
7 phrases
Why You Should Read Every Day! 📚 #EnglishLearning #shorts
Daily ConversationHigh School StudentsUniversity Students
B17
201 phrases
Why Beethoven's Story Will Inspire Your English Learning | B1 English Listening Practice Podcast
Business EnglishDaily ConversationHigh School Students
B22
60 phrases
What reading ACTUALLY does to your brain
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B119
96 phrases
Train Your Ears, Not Your Eyes | The Real Secret to English Fluency
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11,315
6 phrases
Why Reading (Books) Makes Us Better at Speaking
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : brain, reading, words, Chinese, natural. Cette vidéo contient 78 phrases et 862 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 5:56. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 145 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| dedicate verbe | /ˈdɛdɪˌkeɪt/ | consacrer, vouer |
| intricate adjectif | /ˈɪn.tɹɪ.kət/ | intriqué, compliqué |
| inevitably adverbe | /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/ | inévitablement |
| symbol nom | /ˈsɪmbəl/ | symbole |
| worksheet nom | feuille de travail | |
| alphabet nom | /ˈæl.fəˌbɛt/ | alphabet |
| beautifully adverbe | /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/ | joliment |
| involve verbe | /ɪnˈvɑlv/ | impliquer, involver |
| auditory adjectif | /ˈɔː.dɪˌtɔɹ.i/ | auditoire, auditif |
| neuroscientist nom | neuroscientifique | |
| bilingual adjectif | /baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ | bilingue |
| connectivity nom | connexité, connectivité | |
| cortex nom | /ˈkɔɹtɛks/ | cortex |
| amazingly adverbe | /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/ | incroyablement, brillamment |
| transcript nom | /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/ | transcription |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | were born · is written · are designed |
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | hasn't had · haven't evolved · hasn't learned |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | someone who hasn · man who could · something which has |
| Superlatifs the -est / the most … — le plus haut ou le plus bas d’un groupe | The longest |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 20 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, I'm, isn't. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, activation /ˌæktəˈveɪʃən/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: inevitably /ɪˈnɛvɪtəbli/, beautifully /ˈbju.tɪ.fə.li/, auditory /ˈɔː.dɪˌtɔɹ.i/, amazingly /əˈmeɪzɪŋli/, psychologist /ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: intricate /ˈɪn.tɹɪ.kət/, remembrance /ɹɪˈmɛm.bɹəns/, auditory /ˈɔː.dɪˌtɔɹ.i/, cortex /ˈkɔɹtɛks/, transcript /ˈtɹæn.skɹɪpt/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme dedicate, intricate, inevitably.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.