Shadowing Practice: Arguments for God: The Fine Tuning Argument - Learn English Speaking with Video
בחר מצב תרגול
כל מצב פותח חדר תרגול במסך מלא.
14 משפטים
אם המשפטים קצרים או ארוכים מדי, לחץ על ערוך כדי להתאים אותם.
1
Christopher Hitchens spent his life taking apart the arguments for God, but there was one that he found the most intriguing and one that he couldn't dismiss out of hand.
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It's known as the fine-tuning argument and it goes like this.
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Imagine that the universe is made up of a series of numbers, the mass of an electron, the strength of gravity, the force that binds an atom together.
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Now imagine that those numbers exist on dials.
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If you turn the dial of gravity just a fraction one way, then the stars will never form.
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turn the force inside the atom and carbon never exists
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turn the energy of empty space and the universe collapses before it even gets going
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out of every setting that the dials could hold almost none produce a universe
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that can hold life and yet ours does
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so the question is did something set the dials does fine
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tuning require a fine tuner hitchens never believed in god and many atheists answers depend on more numbers still a multiverse.
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Maybe ours is just one bubble among countless others, a dial set at random, and we simply live in the one where they happen to land right.
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But the problem is that to dodge one universe you can't explain, you have to invent infinite ones you can't see.
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So which is the smaller miracle, that one universe was made on purpose, or that endless ones were made with none?
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Vocabulary and speaking notes for this lesson
This video has 14 sentences and 244 words to shadow. The speech runs for 1:17. The speaker talks fast, about 190 words per minute, so expect linked and reduced sounds. 83% of the words are among the 3,000 most common in English; the rest is worth studying before you start.
Key vocabulary in this video
15 words from the video worth learning, with pronunciation and meaning:
| Word | Pronunciation | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| dial noun | /ˈdaɪ.əl/ | A graduated, circular scale over which a needle moves to show a measurement (such as speed). |
| tune noun | /tjuːn/ | A melody. |
| gravity noun | /ˈɡɹævɪti/ | Of an activity such as a ceremony, a person's conduct, etc.: the quality of being deeply serious and solemn, especially in a dignified manner; seriousness… |
| atom noun | /ˈætəm/ | The smallest possible amount of matter which still retains its identity as a chemical element, now known to consist of a nucleus surrounded by electrons. |
| depend verb | /dɪˈpɛnd/ | To be contingent or conditioned; to have something as a necessary condition |
| collapse verb | /kəˈlæps/ | To break apart and fall down suddenly; to cave in. |
| endless adjective | /ˈɛndlɪs/ | Having no end. |
| bubble noun | /ˈbʌbəl/ | A spherically contained volume of air or other gas in a liquid, commonly a soapy liquid. |
| infinite adjective | /ˈɪnfɪnɪt/ | Indefinably large, countlessly great; immense. |
| miracle noun | /ˈmɪɹ.ə.kəl/ | An event that appears inexplicable by the laws of nature and so is held to be supernatural in origin. |
| countless adjective | /ˈkaʊntləs/ | Synonym of uncountable. |
| fraction noun | /ˈfɹæk.ʃən/ | A part of a whole, especially a comparatively small part. |
| dodge verb | /dɑd͡ʒ/ | To avoid (something) by moving suddenly out of the way. |
| dismiss verb | /dɪsˈmɪs/ | To discharge; to end the employment or service of. |
| electron noun | /ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/ | The subatomic particle having a negative charge and orbiting the nucleus; the flow of electrons in a conductor constitutes electricity. |
Phrasal verbs you will hear
| Word | Meaning |
|---|---|
| take apart verb | To dismantle something into its component pieces. |
Pronunciation to watch
The speaker uses 3 contractions and reduced forms, such as can't, couldn't. Say them the short way, as you hear them.
How to practise with this video
- Listen to the whole video once without speaking and note the words you do not know.
- Start at 0.75× speed, shadow it sentence by sentence, then go back to normal speed once it feels easy.
- Record yourself and compare with the original, paying attention to words like dial, tune, gravity.
דקדוק בסרטון הזה
המבנים שהדובר משתמש בהם הכי הרבה, עם המילים המדויקות מהסרטון:
| מבנה | בסרטון |
|---|---|
| סביל (Passive voice) be + past participle — הדגש הוא על מה שקורה, לא על מי שעושה את הפעולה | is made · was made |
מהי טכניקת השאדואינג?
שאדואינג היא טכניקת למידת שפה מבוססת מדע שפותחה במקור להכשרת מתורגמנים מקצועיים ופופולרית על ידי הפוליגלוט ד"ר אלכסנדר ארגואלס. השיטה פשוטה אך עוצמתית: אתה מקשיב לאודיו באנגלית ילידית וחוזר עליו בקול רם מיד — כמו צל העוקב אחרי הדובר עם עיכוב של 1–2 שניות בלבד. בניגוד להאזנה פסיבית או תרגילי דקדוק, שאדואינג מכריח את המוח והשרירים בפה לעבד ולשחזר דפוסי דיבור אמיתיים בו זמנית. מחקרים מראים שזה משפר משמעותית את דיוק ההגייה, האינטונציה, הקצב, הדיבור המחובר, הבנת השמיעה ושטף הדיבור — מה שהופך אותו לאחת השיטות היעילות ביותר להכנה לIELTS Speaking ולתקשורת באנגלית בעולם האמיתי.