シャドーイング練習: COMPLETE FIRST CERTIFICATE 2015 UNIT 7 - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Unit 7.
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You will hear part of a radio interview with Barry Hellman, a cave diving expert.
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For questions 1 to 10, complete the sentences with a word or short phrase.
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Cave diving, officially the world's most dangerous sport, isn't for everyone.
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If you're the kind of person who enjoys being underwater in dark, enclosed spaces, then it's probably the ultimate adventure sport.
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People often say cave diving sounds like their worst nightmare, but for people like me, it's a real passion.
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It's like the caves have a power over me.
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What I love about it most is the amazing beauty of these caves, not to mention their incredible size.
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It's like nowhere else.
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You're looking at rock formations that are millions of years old, and the water is crystal clear.
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Another thing I like is that I'm seeing things that no one has ever seen before.
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I'm like an explorer discovering new places.
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This is especially true now that I go down on my own.
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When I was first learning how to dive, I went down with an instructor who showed me where to go, so that wasn't the same.
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But you shouldn't go alone until you've had lots of practice and experience.
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Even then it can be very dangerous, but that's what some divers say they love about it.
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They enjoy the challenge.
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I always plan my dives as much as I can, as I prefer to be in control.
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If I feel stressed, I make mistakes.
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But if you know what you're doing, then you shouldn't have a problem.
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I think the worst thing that can happen is if your lights go out for some reason.
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It's really scary being in total darkness, so that's why it's important to take two sets of lights with you.
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Something you need to be aware of is that you can't immediately escape to the surface if you get into difficulties,
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which means your survival depends on your problem -solving abilities.
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You need to recognise what is happening and follow all the correct procedures you've been taught.
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Having said all that, cave diving isn't dangerous if you follow a few simple rules.
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Most of the accidents you read about could have been avoided
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if these people had followed simple steps to reduce the risks involved.
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Usually they've done something which wasn't safe and they should have known better.
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It's also very important to know when to call a dive, or go back.
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Another big danger is getting lost.
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Imagine entering an underwater room and looking back to see there is not one,
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but dozens of passages, and not knowing which way leads back to the entrance.
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The longer you spend underwater, the more gas you need on your back to help you breathe.
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You need enough to allow you the time to get back to the entrance if something goes wrong.
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So, it's obviously only a sport for experienced divers.
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Even if you have all the right equipment, that won't help you if you don't know what you're doing, so you should never attempt cave diving without adequate training.
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There are lots of good courses to choose from.
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It takes a special sort of person to become a good cave diver.
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You must be the kind of person who doesn't panic if something goes wrong, and that takes a great deal of self -control.
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However, you can learn a lot about yourself from diving,
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and I think knowing you can survive in such a demanding environment gives you greater confidence both at work and socially.
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It won't help you get a job or make friends, but it It will make you feel better about yourself.
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If you're interested in finding out more...
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「COMPLETE FIRST CERTIFICATE 2015 UNIT 7」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：cave, diving, diver, underwater, dive。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が44文、単語が618語あります。 音声の長さは4:06です。 話す速さは1分あたり約151語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の84%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれます。残りは練習の前に確認しておきましょう。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| dive 動詞 | /daɪv/ | 潜る |
| cave 名詞 | /keɪv/ | 洞窟, 洞 |
| underwater 形容詞 | /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/ | 水中の |
| entrance 名詞 | /ˈɛn.tɹəns/ | 入口 |
| adventure 名詞 | /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/ | アドベンチャー, 冒険 |
| passion 名詞 | /ˈpæʃən/ | 激情 |
| procedure 名詞 | /pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/ | 手段, やり方 |
| solve 動詞 | /sɒlv/ | 解決する |
| crystal 名詞 | /ˈkɹɪstəl/ | 結晶 |
| nowhere 副詞 | /ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ | どこにも, どこへも |
| discover 動詞 | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | 発見する, 見つける |
| scary 形容詞 | /ˈskɛə.ɹi/ | 怖い |
| survival 名詞 | /sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ | 生存, サバイバル |
| difficulty 名詞 | /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/ | 難しさ |
| darkness 名詞 | /ˈdɑɹk.nɪs/ | 闇, 暗黒 |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| find out 動詞 | 見出す, 調べる |
| go back 動詞 | 戻る, 帰る |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- It's like the caves have a power over me.
- I'm like an explorer discovering new places.
- If you're interested in finding out more...
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | has ever seen · you've been taught · they've done |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | you've been taught · have been avoided |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | person who enjoys · person who doesn |
注意したい発音
話し手はyou're, I'm, isn'tなど、短縮形や弱形を21回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: passion /ˈpæʃən/, socially /ˈsoʊʃəli/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: underwater /ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: crystal /ˈkɹɪstəl/, explorer /ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: dive /daɪv/, cave /keɪv/, adventure /ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃə/, solve /sɒlv/, discover /dɪˈskʌvə/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, phrase /ˈfɹeɪ̯z/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。dive, cave, underwaterなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。