シャドーイング練習: Everyday English: Going to the doctor - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
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68 文
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1
Hey there, I'm Sarah.
2
And I'm Jack.
3
Welcome to Everyday English.
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Today, we're going to talk about going to the doctor.
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Oh, that's not much fun.
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No, it isn't, but it's something that we all have to do from time to time, so it's important to know the right vocabulary.
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If you're feeling sick or unwell, or if you have a pain, then you might want to go to a clinic to see a doctor or GP.
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That stands for General Practitioner, and it refers to a doctor who's trained in General Medicine.
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For more specific problems, you might go to a specialist, and you would go to a hospital for a medical emergency, for example, a broken arm.
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When you see a doctor, he or she will ask you about your symptoms.
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Symptoms are any feelings of discomfort which are caused by a health problem.
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For example, you might feel ill or sick or nauseous.
13
You might have a temperature, which means your body is hotter than it should be.
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That's also called a fever.
15
You might feel weak or dizzy.
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You might have a running nose or runny nose, as we often say.
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Or you might have an itch.
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You can use the adjective itchy.
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For example, I have itchy eyes or you might have some sort of pain.
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For example, pain in your back, pain in your arm or pain in your shoulder.
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Another way to say that you have pain is to use the adjective sore.
22
For example, I have a sore back, a sore arm or a sore shoulder.
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If you are feeling pain, a doctor might ask you to describe it.
24
For example, he He or she might ask if it's a sharp pain, that's a strong and acute pain,
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or a stabbing pain that feels like something is stabbing you, or a dull pain that's a less severe pain.
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You might also have an ache which is a type of persistent dull pain, for example a headache or a backache,
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or you could have a cramp which is caused by muscles contracting.
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Let's have a look at the sort of conversation you might have with the doctor.
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Hi Charlotte, please take a seat.
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Thanks.
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What seems to be the problem?
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I'm not feeling very well.
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Okay, what sort of symptoms are you experiencing?
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I feel a bit nauseous and I have a headache
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and I've got a cramp in my stomach and I also have a really runny nose and sore eyes.
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Do you have a temperature?
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Yeah, I think so.
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It's been a bit high.
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I think you've probably got the virus that's been going around.
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I'm going to write a prescription for some medication, which will hopefully bring the pain down a little bit.
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You should rest, though, and make sure that you take plenty of fluids, OK?
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Would you like me to write a sick certificate for work?
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Yes, please.
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OK.
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Take that with you.
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That's your sick certificate, and reception will give you your prescription form.
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A medical certificate is an official document that proves that you can't work because you're sick.
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And a prescription is a document that you give to a pharmacist, a person authorised to sell drugs or medication.
49
You need to provide a prescription to buy some medicine.
50
There's a chance your doctor or pharmacist will give you instructions,
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advice and suggestions and for that you need to know the modal verbs like must,
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shall, will, should, would, can, could, may and might.
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If it's an instruction that has to be followed you use the word must.
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For example you must eat before taking this medication.
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You must not mix medication.
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You could also say have to as in you have to eat before taking this medication.
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If you're strongly advising someone that is giving advice that you want followed you use the modal verb should.
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For example, you should rest and drink plenty of water.
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And if you're making a suggestion you can use can, could, may, might or would.
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For example, you can take an aspirin for pain.
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You could try drinking more water.
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You may want to eat less.
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You might want to exercise more.
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I would take some time off if I were you.
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Well that's it for today.
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Why don't you try making a list of words and phrases that you might use at the doctor.
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It's also a good chance to practice words for parts of the body.
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Stay well and we'll see you next time.
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このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このB1レベルのスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Everyday English: Going to the doctor」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：pain, example, doctor, sore, medication。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が68文、単語が757語あります。 音声の長さは4:44です。 話す速さは1分あたり約160語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 英語の頻出3,000語に含まれる単語は81%だけなので、語彙は難しめです。
この動画の重要語彙
動画の中で特に難しい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| sore 形容詞 | /soɹ/ | 痛い, 痛ましい |
| prescription 名詞 | /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/ | 処方, 処方箋 |
| symptom 名詞 | /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ | 症状, 症候 |
| certificate 名詞 | /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kɪt/ | 証明書, 証書 |
| adjective 名詞 | /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ | 形容動詞 |
| cramp 名詞 | /kɹæmp/ | 痙攣 |
| pharmacist 名詞 | /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/ | 薬剤師, 薬屋 |
| verb 名詞 | /vɝb/ | 動詞 |
| stab 動詞 | /stæb/ | 刺す |
| dull 形容詞 | /dʌl/ | 鈍い |
| headache 名詞 | /ˈhɛdeɪk/ | 頭痛 |
| instruction 名詞 | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | 指示 |
| suggestion 名詞 | /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ | 提案 |
| aspirin 名詞 | /ˈæs.pɹɪn/ | アスピリン |
| backache 名詞 | /ˈbækeɪk/ | 背中の痛み, 腰痛 |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- I'm not feeling very well.
- Do you have a temperature?
- Would you like me to write a sick certificate for work?
- Stay well and we'll see you next time.
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | discomfort which are · temperature, which means · ache which is |
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | are caused · is caused · be followed |
| 「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないこと | might want · might go · might feel |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | should rest |
注意したい発音
話し手はI'm, you're, can'tなど、短縮形や弱形を15回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, prescription /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/, nauseous /ˈnɔʃəs/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, certificate /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kɪt/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/, verb /vɝb/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, advise /ədˈvaɪz/, fever /ˈfivɚ/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: certificate /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kɪt/, pharmacist /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/, discomfort /dɪsˈkʌmfɚt/, fluid /ˈflu.ɪd/, fever /ˈfivɚ/
- 子音の連続 — 間に母音を入れない: prescription /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/, symptom /ˈsɪm(p)təm/, cramp /kɹæmp/, pharmacist /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/, stab /stæb/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。sore, prescription, symptomなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。