تدريب Shadowing: Everyday English: Going to the doctor - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو
جارٍ إنشاء الدرس...
1
Hey there, I'm Sarah.
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And I'm Jack.
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Welcome to Everyday English.
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Today, we're going to talk about going to the doctor.
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Oh, that's not much fun.
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No, it isn't, but it's something that we all have to do from time to time, so it's important to know the right vocabulary.
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If you're feeling sick or unwell, or if you have a pain, then you might want to go to a clinic to see a doctor or GP.
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That stands for General Practitioner, and it refers to a doctor who's trained in General Medicine.
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For more specific problems, you might go to a specialist, and you would go to a hospital for a medical emergency, for example, a broken arm.
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When you see a doctor, he or she will ask you about your symptoms.
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Symptoms are any feelings of discomfort which are caused by a health problem.
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For example, you might feel ill or sick or nauseous.
13
You might have a temperature, which means your body is hotter than it should be.
14
That's also called a fever.
15
You might feel weak or dizzy.
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You might have a running nose or runny nose, as we often say.
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Or you might have an itch.
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You can use the adjective itchy.
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For example, I have itchy eyes or you might have some sort of pain.
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For example, pain in your back, pain in your arm or pain in your shoulder.
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Another way to say that you have pain is to use the adjective sore.
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For example, I have a sore back, a sore arm or a sore shoulder.
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If you are feeling pain, a doctor might ask you to describe it.
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For example, he He or she might ask if it's a sharp pain, that's a strong and acute pain,
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or a stabbing pain that feels like something is stabbing you, or a dull pain that's a less severe pain.
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You might also have an ache which is a type of persistent dull pain, for example a headache or a backache,
27
or you could have a cramp which is caused by muscles contracting.
28
Let's have a look at the sort of conversation you might have with the doctor.
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Hi Charlotte, please take a seat.
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Thanks.
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What seems to be the problem?
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I'm not feeling very well.
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Okay, what sort of symptoms are you experiencing?
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I feel a bit nauseous and I have a headache
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and I've got a cramp in my stomach and I also have a really runny nose and sore eyes.
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Do you have a temperature?
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Yeah, I think so.
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It's been a bit high.
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I think you've probably got the virus that's been going around.
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I'm going to write a prescription for some medication, which will hopefully bring the pain down a little bit.
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You should rest, though, and make sure that you take plenty of fluids, OK?
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Would you like me to write a sick certificate for work?
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Yes, please.
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OK.
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Take that with you.
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That's your sick certificate, and reception will give you your prescription form.
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A medical certificate is an official document that proves that you can't work because you're sick.
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And a prescription is a document that you give to a pharmacist, a person authorised to sell drugs or medication.
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You need to provide a prescription to buy some medicine.
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There's a chance your doctor or pharmacist will give you instructions,
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advice and suggestions and for that you need to know the modal verbs like must,
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shall, will, should, would, can, could, may and might.
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If it's an instruction that has to be followed you use the word must.
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For example you must eat before taking this medication.
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You must not mix medication.
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You could also say have to as in you have to eat before taking this medication.
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If you're strongly advising someone that is giving advice that you want followed you use the modal verb should.
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For example, you should rest and drink plenty of water.
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And if you're making a suggestion you can use can, could, may, might or would.
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For example, you can take an aspirin for pain.
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You could try drinking more water.
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You may want to eat less.
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You might want to exercise more.
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I would take some time off if I were you.
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Well that's it for today.
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Why don't you try making a list of words and phrases that you might use at the doctor.
67
It's also a good chance to practice words for parts of the body.
68
Stay well and we'll see you next time.
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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس
هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B1 مبني على الفيديو “Everyday English: Going to the doctor”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: pain, example, doctor, sore, medication. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 68 جملة و757 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 4:44. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 160 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 81% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا.
أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو
أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:
| الكلمة | النطق | المعنى |
|---|---|---|
| sore صفة | /soɹ/ | مُوجِع, مُؤْلِم |
| medication اسم | /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/ | دَوَاء |
| prescription اسم | /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/ | وَصْفَة طِبِّيَّة, وَصْفَة |
| symptom اسم | /ˈsɪm(p)təm/ | عَرَض, عَلَامَة |
| certificate اسم | /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kɪt/ | شَهَادَة |
| adjective اسم | /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/ | نَعْت, صِفَة |
| cramp اسم | /kɹæmp/ | تَشَنُّج, شَدٌّ عَضَلِيّ |
| pharmacist اسم | /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/ | صَيْدَلِيّ, صَيْدَلَانِيّ |
| verb اسم | /vɝb/ | فِعْل |
| stab فعل | /stæb/ | طَعَنَ |
| dull صفة | /dʌl/ | كَلِيل |
| headache اسم | /ˈhɛdeɪk/ | صُدَاع |
| instruction اسم | /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ | تَعْلِيم |
| suggestion اسم | /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/ | اِقْتِرَاح, مُقْتَرَح |
| aspirin اسم | /ˈæs.pɹɪn/ | أَسْبِرِين |
جمل تستحق التكرار
جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:
- I'm not feeling very well.
- Do you have a temperature?
- Would you like me to write a sick certificate for work?
- Stay well and we'll see you next time.
القواعد في هذا الفيديو
أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:
| التركيب | في الفيديو |
|---|---|
| جمل الوصل who / which + جملة — معلومة إضافية عن شخص أو شيء | discomfort which are · temperature, which means · ache which is |
| المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعله | are caused · is caused · be followed |
| الاحتمال بـ “might / may” might/may + فعل — شيء ممكن لكنه غير مؤكد | might want · might go · might feel |
| النصيحة بـ “should” should + فعل — قول ما يُستحسن فعله | should be · should rest |
نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه
يستخدم المتحدث 15 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, you're, can't. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.
- أصوات “sh” و“zh”: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, prescription /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/, nauseous /ˈnɔʃəs/, instruction /ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/, suggestion /səˈd͡ʒɛst.ʃən/
- الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: medication /mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/, certificate /səˈtɪf.ɪ.kɪt/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/
أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:
- /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: prescription /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/, symptom /ˈsɪm(p)təm/, cramp /kɹæmp/, aspirin /ˈæs.pɹɪn/, persistent /pəˈsɪstənt/
- /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: adjective /ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/, verb /vɝb/, vocabulary /vəˈkæb.jə.lə.ɹi/, advise /ədˈvaɪz/, fever /ˈfivɚ/
- تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: prescription /pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/, symptom /ˈsɪm(p)təm/, cramp /kɹæmp/, pharmacist /ˈfɑɹməsɪst/, stab /stæb/
كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو
- استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
- ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
- سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل sore, medication, prescription.
ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟
التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.