ฝึกพูดภาษาอังกฤษด้วยเทคนิค Shadowing จากวิดีโอ: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Eye Implants

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133 ประโยค
หากประโยคสั้นหรือยาวเกินไป กดที่ Edit เพื่อปรับแก้
1
the therapeutic value of amusement parks has been largely overlooked by doctors until just recently
2
that is with us in the studio today is Steven Mansfield
3
a medical journalist who is here to tell us about an amazing letter
4
that he read in the New England Journal of Medicine recently.
5
Stephen, welcome to the show.
6
Thanks for having me.
7
So, give us a bit of background on the letter you read.
8
I'd be happy to.
9
It was written by a Swiss eye surgeon named Michael Thiel.
10
It seems that a young man, 19 years old, presented himself to the doctor at his hospital in Zurich,
11
Switzerland, complaining that something strange had happened to the pupil of his right eye.
12
After being punched in the eye in a bar fight, the pupil, the black part at the center of the eye,
13
had become a long, narrow, vertical slit.
14
In fact, it bore an odd resemblance to the eye of a cat.
15
Thiel and his colleagues soon figured out what had happened.
16
Ten years before, it would seem, surgeons had removed the patient's natural lens and implanted a plastic one inside the eye.
17
The barroom punch had knocked the plastic lens out of place.
18
The lens had slipped forward, out through the pupil,
19
but the two tiny wires used to anchor the lens had remained in place farther back in the eye
20
and were tugging on the edges of the lens.
21
The backward pull distorted the pupil into a cat's eye shape.
22
So what did Dr. Thiel and his colleagues do next?
23
Well, first they tried a simple remedy, eye drops and gravity.
24
They had the man lie on his back and dilated his pupil with drops.
25
Their hope was that if the pupil opened wide enough, the lens would drop through it and wind up back where it belonged.
26
But according to Thiel, the procedure didn't do the trick.
27
Only half the lens went back, and the other part was stuck.
28
How awful!
29
Well, actually, it sounds worse than it was.
30
The patient's eye didn't hurt.
31
His vision was good, and he was in no danger.
32
But he wanted the lens fixed anyway.
33
His girlfriend and everyone complained that he looked funny.
34
And then what happened?
35
There he took three rides in a row on the Silver Star, one of the biggest, fastest roller coasters in Europe.
36
The ride climbs up an incline of 240 feet and zooms down into a curve at 80 miles an hour.
37
The force on passengers is four G's, four times that of gravity.
38
Apparently after the third ride the patient went to the men's room.
39
While washing his hands, he glanced at himself in the mirror and noticed that his eye looked normal.
40
The pupil was round again.
41
He called Dr. Thiel and explained what had happened.
42
The unbelieving surgeon examined him the following day and, to his amazement, found that the surgery was no longer needed.
43
The lens had slipped back into place.
44
How did he explain what happened?
45
The lens obviously needed quite some force to move it back into place.
46
When the patient was on the roller coaster, he was in a state of anxiety, combined with a lot of adrenaline.
47
Apparently, the adrenaline enlarged the pupil,
48
and it was probably the combination of this and the enormous g -force that brought the lens back into place.
49
Amazing.
50
So does Dr. Thiel and his team of Swiss surgeons recommend rollercoaster therapy to others with misplaced implants?
51
In fact, Thiel has realized that the story is actually a cautionary tale.
52
The obvious lesson to be learned here is that if a roller coaster can jolt an implanted lens back into place,
53
it may also be able to jerk one out of place.
54
Until recently, that might not have been so much of a concern, because most lens implants were used after cataract surgery on older people,
55
who probably did not ride roller coasters anyway.
56
But now, implants are being used in Europe to correct nearsightedness in younger people.
57
So even though riding a roller coaster was therapeutic in this case, the pastime may actually do more harm than good.
58
that's exactly right a dislocated lens can be more than a nuisance
59
if it slides far enough forward it may seriously injure the cornea well it's a good thing
60
that i'm afraid of roller coasters thanks for the fascinating report what was wrong with the young man's right eye
61
What was the first thing doctors tried to correct the problem?
62
How successful was their attempt?
63
In Dr. Thiel's opinion, what was it about the rollercoaster ride that corrected the problem?
64
What is the underlying message of the radio program?
65
the therapeutic value of amusement parks has been largely overlooked by doctors until just recently
66
that is with us in the studio today is steven mansfield
67
a medical journalist who is here to tell us about an amazing letter
68
that he read in the new england journal of medicine recently.
69
Stephen, welcome to the show.
70
Thanks for having me.
71
So give us a bit of background on the letter you read.
72
I'd be happy to.
73
It was written by a Swiss eye surgeon named Michael Thiel.
74
It seems that a young man, 19 years old, presented himself to the doctor at his hospital in Zurich,
75
Switzerland, complaining that something strange had happened to the pupil of his right eye.
76
After being punched in the eye in a bar fight, the pupil, the black part at the center of the eye,
77
had become a long, narrow, vertical slit.
78
In fact, it bore an odd resemblance to the eye of a cat.
79
Thiel and his colleagues soon figured out what had happened.
80
Ten years before, it would seem, surgeons had removed the patient's natural lens and implanted a plastic one inside the eye.
81
The barroom punch had knocked the plastic lens out of place.
82
The lens had slipped forward, out through the pupil,
83
but the two tiny wires used to anchor the lens had remained in place farther back in the eye
84
and were tugging on the edges of the lens.
85
The backward pull distorted the pupil into a cat's -eye shape.
86
So what did Dr. Thiel and his colleagues do next?
87
Well, first they tried a simple remedy, eye drops and gravity.
88
They had the man lie on his back and dilated his pupil with drops.
89
Their hope was that if the pupil opened wide enough, the lens would drop through it and wind up back where it belonged.
90
But, according to Teal, the procedure didn't do the trick.
91
Only half the lens went back, and the other part was stuck.
92
How awful!
93
Well, actually, it sounds worse than it was.
94
The patient's eye didn't hurt.
95
His vision was good, and he was in no danger.
96
But he wanted the lens fixed anyway.
97
His girlfriend and everyone complained that he looked funny.
98
And then what happened?
99
There he took three rides in a row on the Silver Star, one of the biggest, fastest roller coasters in Europe.
100
The ride climbs up an incline of 240 feet and zooms down into a curve at 80 miles an hour.
101
The force on passengers is 4
102
Gs, four times that of gravity.
103
Apparently, after the third ride, the patient went to the men's room.
104
While washing his hands, he glanced at himself in the mirror and noticed that his eye looked normal.
105
The pupil was round again.
106
He called Dr. Thiel and explained what had happened.
107
The unbelieving surgeon examined him the following day and, to his amazement, found that the surgery was no longer needed.
108
The lens had slipped back into place.
109
How did he explain what happened?
110
The lens obviously needed quite some force to move it back into place.
111
When the patient was on the roller coaster, he was in a state of anxiety combined with a lot of adrenaline.
112
Apparently, the adrenaline enlarged the pupil,
113
and it was probably the combination of this and the enormous g -force that brought the lens back into place.
114
Amazing!
115
So does Dr. Thiel and his team of Swiss surgeons recommend rollercoaster therapy to others with misplaced implants?
116
In fact, Thiel has realized that the story is actually a cautionary tale.
117
The obvious lesson to be learned here is that if a roller coaster can jolt an implanted lens back into place,
118
it may also be able to jerk one out of place.
119
Until recently, that might not have been so much of a concern, because most lens implants were used after cataract surgery on older people,
120
who probably did not ride roller coasters anyway.
121
But now, implants are being used in Europe to correct nearsightedness in younger people.
122
So even though riding a roller coaster was therapeutic in this case, the pastime may actually do more harm than good.
123
That's exactly right.
124
A dislocated lens can be more than a nuisance.
125
If it slides far enough forward, it may seriously injure the cornea.
126
Well, it's a good thing that I'm afraid of roller coasters.
127
Thanks for the fascinating report.
128
What was wrong with the young man's right eye?
129
What was the first thing doctors tried to correct the problem?
130
How successful was their attempt?
131
In Dr. Thiel's opinion, what was it about the rollercoaster ride that corrected the problem?
132
What is the underlying message of the radio program?
133
Thank you.

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คำศัพท์และข้อสังเกตด้านการพูดสำหรับบทเรียนนี้

บทเรียนฝึกพูดนี้ใช้วิดีโอ “TOEFL Listening Practice” เป็นสื่อ คำที่ถูกพูดซ้ำบ่อยที่สุด: lens, eye, pupil, Thiel, coaster วิดีโอนี้มี 133 ประโยค และ 1565 คำ สำหรับฝึกพูดตาม ช่วงที่มีเสียงพูดยาว 12:08 ผู้พูดพูดด้วยความเร็วสม่ำเสมอ ประมาณ 129 คำต่อนาที เหมาะกับการฝึกพูดตาม มีเพียง 79% ของคำที่อยู่ใน 3,000 คำที่ใช้บ่อยที่สุดในภาษาอังกฤษ คำศัพท์จึงค่อนข้างยาก

คำศัพท์สำคัญในวิดีโอนี้

คำที่ควรเรียนรู้ 15 คำจากวิดีโอ พร้อมคำอ่านและความหมาย:

คำศัพท์คำอ่านความหมาย
lens คำนาม/lɛnz/เลนส์, แว่น
pupil คำนาม/ˈpjuːpəl/นักเรียน
surgeon คำนาม/ˈsɝd͡ʒən/ศัลยแพทย์
punch คำนาม/pʌnt͡ʃ/หมัด
slip คำกริยา/ˈslɪp/ไถล, ลื่น
complain คำกริยา/kəmˈpleɪn/บ่น
colleague คำนาม/ˈkɒliːɡ/เพื่อนร่วมงาน
adrenaline คำนาม/əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/ฮอร์โมนเนื้อในต่อมหมวกไต
harm คำนาม/hɑːm/ความเสียหาย
lesson คำนาม/ˈlɛs.ən/บทเรียน
mirror คำนาม/ˈmiɹɚ/กระจก, กระจกเงา
wash คำกริยา/wɑʃ/ล้าง, ซัก
anxiety คำนาม/æŋˈzaɪ.əti/ความวิตกกังวล
procedure คำนาม/pɹəˈsiː.d͡ʒə/วิธี, กรรมวิธี
wire คำนาม/ˈwaɪɚ/ลวด, สาย

กริยาวลีที่คุณจะได้ยิน

คำศัพท์ความหมาย
go back คำกริยากลับไป

ไวยากรณ์ในวิดีโอนี้

โครงสร้างที่ผู้พูดใช้บ่อยที่สุด พร้อมคำพูดจริงจากวิดีโอ:

โครงสร้างในวิดีโอ
Passive voice be + กริยาช่อง 3 — เน้นสิ่งที่เกิดขึ้น ไม่ใช่ผู้กระทำhas been largely overlooked · was written · being punched
Present perfect have/has + กริยาช่อง 3 — เหตุการณ์ในอดีตที่ยังเกี่ยวข้องกับปัจจุบันhas been · has realized

การออกเสียงที่ควรระวัง

ผู้พูดใช้รูปย่อและรูปลดเสียง 8 ครั้ง เช่น didn't, I'd, I'm ให้พูดแบบสั้นตามที่ได้ยิน

  • เสียง “sh” และ “zh”: wash /wɑʃ/, cautionary /ˈkɔʃəˌnɛɹi/
  • คำยาว — ลงเสียงหนักให้ถูกพยางค์: therapeutic /ˌθɛɹ.əˈpjuː.tɪk/, adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, rollercoaster /ˈɹoʊlɚˌkoʊstɚ/, cautionary /ˈkɔʃəˌnɛɹi/

เสียงที่คนไทยมักออกเสียงยาก:

  • เสียงท้ายคำ — ออกเสียงให้ครบ ไม่เปลี่ยนเป็นตัวสะกดแบบไทย: lens /lɛnz/, pupil /ˈpjuːpəl/, punch /pʌnt͡ʃ/, awful /ˈɔːfʊl/, wash /wɑʃ/
  • /v/ — ไม่ใช่ /w/ ให้ฟันบนแตะริมฝีปากล่าง: gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/, steven /ˈstiːvən/, vertical /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/, curve /kɚv/, overlook /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/
  • /z/ — เสียงก้อง ไม่ใช่ /s/: lens /lɛnz/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, examine /ɪɡˈzæmɪn/, zoom /zuːm/, amusement /əˈmjuzmənt/

วิธีฝึกกับวิดีโอนี้

  1. ฟังวิดีโอให้จบหนึ่งรอบโดยยังไม่ต้องพูด แล้วจดคำที่ยังไม่รู้จัก
  2. พูดตามทีละประโยคด้วยความเร็วปกติ ทำซ้ำแต่ละประโยคจนจังหวะของคุณตรงกับผู้พูด
  3. อัดเสียงตัวเองแล้วเทียบกับต้นฉบับ โดยสังเกตคำอย่าง lens, pupil, surgeon เป็นพิเศษ

เทคนิค Shadowing คืออะไร?

Shadowing เป็นเทคนิคการเรียนรู้ภาษาที่ได้รับการรับรองทางวิทยาศาสตร์ พัฒนาขึ้นสำหรับการฝึกนักแปลมืออาชีพ วิธีการนี้เรียบง่ายแต่ทรงพลัง: คุณฟังเสียงภาษาอังกฤษจากเจ้าของภาษาและพูดตามทันที — เหมือนเงาที่ตามผู้พูดด้วยช่วงเวลาห่าง 1-2 วินาที การวิจัยแสดงว่าเทคนิคนี้ปรับปรุงความแม่นยำในการออกเสียง ทำนองเสียง จังหวะ การเชื่อมเสียง การฟังเข้าใจ และความคล่องแคล่วในการพูดได้อย่างมีนัยสำคัญ

เทคนิค shadowing: อ่านคู่มือฉบับเต็มทีละขั้นตอน →