跟讀練習: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Eye Implants - 通過影片學習英語口語
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1
the therapeutic value of amusement parks has been largely overlooked by doctors until just recently
2
that is with us in the studio today is Steven Mansfield
3
a medical journalist who is here to tell us about an amazing letter
4
that he read in the New England Journal of Medicine recently.
5
Stephen, welcome to the show.
6
Thanks for having me.
7
So, give us a bit of background on the letter you read.
8
I'd be happy to.
9
It was written by a Swiss eye surgeon named Michael Thiel.
10
It seems that a young man, 19 years old, presented himself to the doctor at his hospital in Zurich,
11
Switzerland, complaining that something strange had happened to the pupil of his right eye.
12
After being punched in the eye in a bar fight, the pupil, the black part at the center of the eye,
13
had become a long, narrow, vertical slit.
14
In fact, it bore an odd resemblance to the eye of a cat.
15
Thiel and his colleagues soon figured out what had happened.
16
Ten years before, it would seem, surgeons had removed the patient's natural lens and implanted a plastic one inside the eye.
17
The barroom punch had knocked the plastic lens out of place.
18
The lens had slipped forward, out through the pupil,
19
but the two tiny wires used to anchor the lens had remained in place farther back in the eye
20
and were tugging on the edges of the lens.
21
The backward pull distorted the pupil into a cat's eye shape.
22
So what did Dr. Thiel and his colleagues do next?
23
Well, first they tried a simple remedy, eye drops and gravity.
24
They had the man lie on his back and dilated his pupil with drops.
25
Their hope was that if the pupil opened wide enough, the lens would drop through it and wind up back where it belonged.
26
But according to Thiel, the procedure didn't do the trick.
27
Only half the lens went back, and the other part was stuck.
28
How awful!
29
Well, actually, it sounds worse than it was.
30
The patient's eye didn't hurt.
31
His vision was good, and he was in no danger.
32
But he wanted the lens fixed anyway.
33
His girlfriend and everyone complained that he looked funny.
34
And then what happened?
35
There he took three rides in a row on the Silver Star, one of the biggest, fastest roller coasters in Europe.
36
The ride climbs up an incline of 240 feet and zooms down into a curve at 80 miles an hour.
37
The force on passengers is four G's, four times that of gravity.
38
Apparently after the third ride the patient went to the men's room.
39
While washing his hands, he glanced at himself in the mirror and noticed that his eye looked normal.
40
The pupil was round again.
41
He called Dr. Thiel and explained what had happened.
42
The unbelieving surgeon examined him the following day and, to his amazement, found that the surgery was no longer needed.
43
The lens had slipped back into place.
44
How did he explain what happened?
45
The lens obviously needed quite some force to move it back into place.
46
When the patient was on the roller coaster, he was in a state of anxiety, combined with a lot of adrenaline.
47
Apparently, the adrenaline enlarged the pupil,
48
and it was probably the combination of this and the enormous g -force that brought the lens back into place.
49
Amazing.
50
So does Dr. Thiel and his team of Swiss surgeons recommend rollercoaster therapy to others with misplaced implants?
51
In fact, Thiel has realized that the story is actually a cautionary tale.
52
The obvious lesson to be learned here is that if a roller coaster can jolt an implanted lens back into place,
53
it may also be able to jerk one out of place.
54
Until recently, that might not have been so much of a concern, because most lens implants were used after cataract surgery on older people,
55
who probably did not ride roller coasters anyway.
56
But now, implants are being used in Europe to correct nearsightedness in younger people.
57
So even though riding a roller coaster was therapeutic in this case, the pastime may actually do more harm than good.
58
that's exactly right a dislocated lens can be more than a nuisance
59
if it slides far enough forward it may seriously injure the cornea well it's a good thing
60
that i'm afraid of roller coasters thanks for the fascinating report what was wrong with the young man's right eye
61
What was the first thing doctors tried to correct the problem?
62
How successful was their attempt?
63
In Dr. Thiel's opinion, what was it about the rollercoaster ride that corrected the problem?
64
What is the underlying message of the radio program?
65
the therapeutic value of amusement parks has been largely overlooked by doctors until just recently
66
that is with us in the studio today is steven mansfield
67
a medical journalist who is here to tell us about an amazing letter
68
that he read in the new england journal of medicine recently.
69
Stephen, welcome to the show.
70
Thanks for having me.
71
So give us a bit of background on the letter you read.
72
I'd be happy to.
73
It was written by a Swiss eye surgeon named Michael Thiel.
74
It seems that a young man, 19 years old, presented himself to the doctor at his hospital in Zurich,
75
Switzerland, complaining that something strange had happened to the pupil of his right eye.
76
After being punched in the eye in a bar fight, the pupil, the black part at the center of the eye,
77
had become a long, narrow, vertical slit.
78
In fact, it bore an odd resemblance to the eye of a cat.
79
Thiel and his colleagues soon figured out what had happened.
80
Ten years before, it would seem, surgeons had removed the patient's natural lens and implanted a plastic one inside the eye.
81
The barroom punch had knocked the plastic lens out of place.
82
The lens had slipped forward, out through the pupil,
83
but the two tiny wires used to anchor the lens had remained in place farther back in the eye
84
and were tugging on the edges of the lens.
85
The backward pull distorted the pupil into a cat's -eye shape.
86
So what did Dr. Thiel and his colleagues do next?
87
Well, first they tried a simple remedy, eye drops and gravity.
88
They had the man lie on his back and dilated his pupil with drops.
89
Their hope was that if the pupil opened wide enough, the lens would drop through it and wind up back where it belonged.
90
But, according to Teal, the procedure didn't do the trick.
91
Only half the lens went back, and the other part was stuck.
92
How awful!
93
Well, actually, it sounds worse than it was.
94
The patient's eye didn't hurt.
95
His vision was good, and he was in no danger.
96
But he wanted the lens fixed anyway.
97
His girlfriend and everyone complained that he looked funny.
98
And then what happened?
99
There he took three rides in a row on the Silver Star, one of the biggest, fastest roller coasters in Europe.
100
The ride climbs up an incline of 240 feet and zooms down into a curve at 80 miles an hour.
101
The force on passengers is 4
102
Gs, four times that of gravity.
103
Apparently, after the third ride, the patient went to the men's room.
104
While washing his hands, he glanced at himself in the mirror and noticed that his eye looked normal.
105
The pupil was round again.
106
He called Dr. Thiel and explained what had happened.
107
The unbelieving surgeon examined him the following day and, to his amazement, found that the surgery was no longer needed.
108
The lens had slipped back into place.
109
How did he explain what happened?
110
The lens obviously needed quite some force to move it back into place.
111
When the patient was on the roller coaster, he was in a state of anxiety combined with a lot of adrenaline.
112
Apparently, the adrenaline enlarged the pupil,
113
and it was probably the combination of this and the enormous g -force that brought the lens back into place.
114
Amazing!
115
So does Dr. Thiel and his team of Swiss surgeons recommend rollercoaster therapy to others with misplaced implants?
116
In fact, Thiel has realized that the story is actually a cautionary tale.
117
The obvious lesson to be learned here is that if a roller coaster can jolt an implanted lens back into place,
118
it may also be able to jerk one out of place.
119
Until recently, that might not have been so much of a concern, because most lens implants were used after cataract surgery on older people,
120
who probably did not ride roller coasters anyway.
121
But now, implants are being used in Europe to correct nearsightedness in younger people.
122
So even though riding a roller coaster was therapeutic in this case, the pastime may actually do more harm than good.
123
That's exactly right.
124
A dislocated lens can be more than a nuisance.
125
If it slides far enough forward, it may seriously injure the cornea.
126
Well, it's a good thing that I'm afraid of roller coasters.
127
Thanks for the fascinating report.
128
What was wrong with the young man's right eye?
129
What was the first thing doctors tried to correct the problem?
130
How successful was their attempt?
131
In Dr. Thiel's opinion, what was it about the rollercoaster ride that corrected the problem?
132
What is the underlying message of the radio program?
133
Thank you.
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本課的詞彙與口語要點
這節口語課以影片“TOEFL Listening Practice”為素材。 影片中反覆出現的詞有：lens, eye, pupil, Thiel, coaster。 這段影片共有 133 個句子、1565 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 12:08。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 129 個詞，很適合跟讀。 只有 79% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，詞彙難度較高。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| lens 名詞 | /lɛnz/ | 透鏡 /透鏡, 鏡片 /鏡片 |
| pupil 名詞 | /ˈpjuːpəl/ | 學生 /學生, 弟子 |
| surgeon 名詞 | /ˈsɝd͡ʒən/ | 外科醫生 /外科醫生 |
| punch 名詞 | /pʌnt͡ʃ/ | 拳打, 拳 |
| slip 動詞 | /ˈslɪp/ | 滑 |
| complain 動詞 | /kəmˈpleɪn/ | 抱怨, 發牢騷 /發牢騷 |
| colleague 名詞 | /ˈkɒliːɡ/ | 同事, 同僚 |
| therapeutic 形容詞 | /ˌθɛɹ.əˈpjuː.tɪk/ | 治療的 /治療的 |
| adrenaline 名詞 | /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/ | 腎上腺素 /腎上腺素 |
| trick 名詞 | /ˈtɹɪk/ | 詭計 /詭計, 騙術 /騙術 |
| harm 名詞 | /hɑːm/ | 損害 /損害 |
| lesson 名詞 | /ˈlɛs.ən/ | 課業 /課業, -課 /-課 |
| mirror 名詞 | /ˈmiɹɚ/ | җинзы, 鏡 /鏡 |
| awful 形容詞 | /ˈɔːfʊl/ | 壞 /壞, 糟糕 |
| wash 動詞 | /wɑʃ/ | 洗, 洗滌 /洗滌 |
影片中出現的短語動詞
| 單詞 | 釋義 |
|---|---|
| figure out 動詞 | 弄清楚 |
| go back 動詞 | 回去, 返回 |
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | has been largely overlooked · was written · being punched |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | has been · has realized |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 8 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 didn't, I'd, I'm。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: wash /wɑʃ/, cautionary /ˈkɔʃəˌnɛɹi/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: therapeutic /ˌθɛɹ.əˈpjuː.tɪk/, adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, rollercoaster /ˈɹoʊlɚˌkoʊstɚ/, cautionary /ˈkɔʃəˌnɛɹi/
中文母語者容易讀錯的音：
- /v/ — 不要讀成 /w/，上齒輕觸下唇: gravity /ˈɡɹævɪti/, steven /ˈstiːvən/, vertical /ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/, curve /kɚv/, overlook /ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/
- 詞尾子音 — 要讀清楚，後面不要加母音: lens /lɛnz/, punch /pʌnt͡ʃ/, slip /ˈslɪp/, colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, therapeutic /ˌθɛɹ.əˈpjuː.tɪk/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的區別: roller /ˈɹoʊlɚ/, adrenaline /əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/, resemblance /ɹəˈzɛmbləns/, rollercoaster /ˈɹoʊlɚˌkoʊstɚ/, enlarge /ɪnˈlɑɹd͡ʒ/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 lens, pupil, surgeon 這類單詞。
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。