Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: How to Use Writing to Sharpen Your Thinking
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Gonna talk a little bit about how to use writing and why you should use writing to improve your thinking.
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So I would credit much of the success I've had to
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whatever extent I've had success to learning how to write and to practicing writing.
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And the reason for that is
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that without writing it's very hard to freeze your thinking on paper so that you can sharpen it, so that you can see where,
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for instance, using words that aren't well -defined, where you're saying things that don't need to be said all of this will help everything else.
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I remember in college, for instance, when I took a class with John McPhee, an incredibly gifted writer and teacher, all of my grades in every other class went up
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because every extraneous bit of information that was hurting instead of helping me was taken out.
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So to sharpen the saw, a couple of different approaches.
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Number one is write anything, anything whatsoever stream of consciousness essay doesn't really matter let's just
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call it one to three pages something along the lines of morning pages
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and Julia Cameron the artists way popularized this
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and there are a number of folks like Brian Koppelman very
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well known writer screenwriter co -creator of the show billions swears by morning pages
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so that is an easy way to ease into the practice of just moving a pen I recommend freehand
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so that you can see your thinking on paper that accomplishes two things.
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Number one, it takes the anxieties and nebulous worries in your head, puts them down in a freeze frame so
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that you can kind of trap them in the printed form so you can get on with the rest of your day.
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The second thing it does is it allows you to see where you are sharp
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and where you are dull in your thinking.
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Now if you are drafting as I do for instance right now once a week writing, if you are looking for a proofreader and you do need a proofreader, if you can't find a professional writer
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because we can't all find professional writers talk to friends who have any type of legal training
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or you could even hire a lawyer to do this
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or a paralegal someone with a law degree they are trained to look at language very very carefully
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because in a dispute in a negotiation
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and a disagreement arbitration it's gonna come down to the wording of contracts
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and I have found that
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when I do not have access to professional writers it is oftentimes just as good
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or even better to get lawyers or people with legal training to read my writing.
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So that would be a workaround that I accidentally discovered that is very powerful.
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A few things to keep in mind when you are then doing revisions, because writing is in fact rewriting.
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You're gonna vomit out your first one or two pages, and my mantra of sorts, which I borrowed from someone else who is a career ghost writer, is two crappy pages.
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Two crappy pages per day.
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And very often you're going to exceed that and then write more
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but so that you set the game up in a way
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that is winnable two crappy pages is your minimum
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and it can be just brain vomit it can be worthless
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but you gotta get two pages all right once you have
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those two pages you can approach revision in a few different ways
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and you can revise yourself say in three rounds like my friend Neil Strauss who I think has seven
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or eight New York Times best -selling books at this point when he He does his first edit, he edits for himself, all right?
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So he's editing just for his pleasure, for his enjoyment, for what he thinks is good.
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Then the second round of edits, he will edit for his fans, the people he thinks will really love this material.
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The third round is for the critics, the people who try to tear it apart to find little niggly points that they could twist and so on.
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And that can be a helpful framework for revising.
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What I do with proofreaders, and you You can do this also with people who are not trained writers at all, and in fact you should have some lay people,
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so to speak, people who are not writers as a craft.
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Very simply, what I will ask people to do is read and highlight anything, this could be in a Google Doc, a Word doc on paper, that is confusing.
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People can like what you write, they can dislike it, they can love it, they can hate it, but it should not confuse anybody.
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All right, so the first thing I will do is I'll ask people, just highlight anything that is confusing
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or unclear all right that's that's step one anyone can do
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that the next is if you notice your mind wandering
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while you're reading this please note that all right so
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if something is slow
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and maybe it can be taken out note where your mind starts wandering all right the dictum there is
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when in doubt take it out just be like I don't know
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if I should take I don't know if I should keep this
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or not take it out at least as an experiment the other Another question that I pose to proofreaders, because you can train people to be very good proofreaders,
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is the 10 % rule, and it's not really a rule, but a guideline that I like to use.
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So I'll say, please indicate the 10 % I should keep no matter what.
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If there is 10 % that I should keep no matter what, what is the strongest 10 % like if there's 10 % I have to keep, please indicate that.
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And if I had to cut 10 % or even 20 % in some cases, I'll ask people, please indicate what you would cut if you had to cut something,
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even if this is an essay or a blog post that is a page or two long.
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And what you'll find if you approach writing systematically in this way and revision systematically in this way is your cognition,
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your analysis, your awareness of how you use words,
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how you use explanation, how you use questions will become so much sharper that it will transcend
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this type of exercise and begin to positively affect just about everything in your life.
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So for fulfillment, for excitement, for professional success, for personal success,
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I find writing to be arguably the most important practice.
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Good luck.
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Thank you.
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Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “How to Use Writing to Sharpen Your Thinking”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: page, writing, writer, proofreader, edit. Video này có 71 câu và 1105 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 5:51. Người nói nói nhanh, khoảng 189 từ mỗi phút, nên sẽ có nhiều chỗ nối âm và nuốt âm. 84% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| edit động từ | /ˈɛdɪt/ | biên tập, chỉnh sửa |
| revision danh từ | /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ | tái bản |
| sharp tính từ | /ʃɑɹp/ | sắc, bén |
| essay danh từ | /ˈɛs.eɪ/ | tiểu luận |
| freeze động từ | /ˈfɹiːz/ | đóng băng, đóng đá |
| wander động từ | /ˈwɑndɚ/ | lang thang |
| vomit động từ | /ˈvɑmɪt/ | nôn, mửa |
| anxiety danh từ | /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/ | sự lo lắng, lo âu |
| awareness danh từ | /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/ | nhận thức |
| helpful tính từ | /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/ | hay giúp đỡ |
| ghost danh từ | /ɡoʊst/ | ma, ma quỉ |
| hire động từ | /ˈhaɪɹ/ | thuê, mướn |
| discover động từ | /dɪˈskʌvə/ | phát hiện, phát kiến |
| experiment danh từ | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | thí nghiệm |
| incredibly trạng từ | /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/ | khó tin nổi |
Cụm động từ bạn sẽ nghe
| Từ | Nghĩa |
|---|---|
| get on with động từ | quay lại, tiếp tục |
| go up động từ | lên |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | be said · was taken · are trained |
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | friends who have · people who try · people who are |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 21 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ you're, don't, gonna. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: revision /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/, sharp /ʃɑɹp/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, consciousness /ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/, accomplish /əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: systematically /ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪ.kli/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, explanation /ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, incredibly /ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: sharp /ʃɑɹp/, extent /ɪkˈstɛnt/, ghost /ɡoʊst/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/, craft /ˈkɹæft/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: revision /ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/, enjoyment /ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: systematically /ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪ.kli/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, trap /tɹæp/, craft /ˈkɹæft/, accidentally /ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như edit, revision, sharp.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.