Luyện nói tiếng Anh bằng Shadowing qua video: The Worst Form of Immaturity
Chọn chế độ luyện tập
Mỗi chế độ mở một phòng luyện tập toàn màn hình.
121 câu
Nếu các câu quá ngắn hoặc quá dài, hãy bấm Edit để chỉnh sửa.
1
One of the things that we established when we were looking at the developmental course of maturation, so tell me what you think about this.
Một trong những điều chúng tôi đã xác định khi nghiên cứu quá trình phát triển của sự trưởng thành, vậy hãy cho tôi biết bạn nghĩ gì về vấn đề này.
2
So it seems to me that a lot of what we see as narcissism is actually something like prolonged immaturity.
Vì vậy, theo tôi, rất nhiều thứ mà chúng ta coi là chứng tự ái thực chất lại giống như sự thiếu trưởng thành kéo dài.
3
Now, it's a little more complicated than that.
4
So the little kids that we studied, and this is true of those who've studied little kids in general
5
so there's about five percent of males at the age of two who hit kick bite and steal
6
when you put them with other two-year-olds and they're almost all male
7
and there's only one in 20 and
8
so you could say most two-year-olds aren't psychopathic narcissists by by temperament
9
so these are probably the boys who are disagreeable extroverts by temperament right and so they're competitive,
10
they're pushy, and when they're very young, they're impulsive.
11
Now, most of them are socialized by the age of four.
12
Now, our studies of long-term criminality indicated that it was the minority of
13
that 5% who weren't socialized by the age of four that became the long-term predatory criminals.
14
And it was very difficult to do anything about that after the age four.
15
But that's also made me think more recently that what we're seeing as that narcissistic,
16
predatory parasitism is probably something like a failure of maturation.
17
It's like, rather than being a pathology in and of itself, it's just the maintenance of self-centered immaturity far beyond its expiry date.
18
And so I'm wondering what you think of a formulation like that.
19
I like that idea and that there is an immaturity to narcissism.
20
Just to take it in a little bit of a Freudian direction, it seems you can think,
21
you know, if you think about it in terms of sort of Freud's developmental model,
22
the narcissism is like being stuck in the phallic stage a little bit rather than being stuck in, say, the oral stage or anal
23
So I don't think it's just there can be different types of being immature.
24
I think that- Right, right, right.
25
It's not dependent, for example.
26
Yeah, you're not a dependent, not like, I just need someone to take care of me.
27
I'm 50 years old.
28
It's more, you get stuck in this, like I should say adolescent, this childish, phallic, masculine, I'm going to do this.
29
I'm going to get this.
30
And you get stuck in that.
31
And that model, you know, you can use it as an adult, but it's kind of like you're a little bit of a cartoon.
32
And so that's something I see that it's like you're a cartoon child acting like an adult, like I'm a big deal,
33
like the guys that try to be alpha.
34
And I'm like, yeah, dude.
35
So yeah, I do see.
36
Calm down there, buddy.
37
Yeah, calm down.
38
Come on.
39
So I do see that for sure.
40
But I do think it's sort of one path in development that you don't develop.
41
It's not all the paths.
42
Yeah.
43
Well, I think that's a good distinction because it shines a light on another sociological or psychological phenomena.
44
So one of the things that we see is the rise to a certain type of stardom of people like Andrew Tate.
45
And the Andrew Tate phenomenon has really interested me because I have some sympathy for him.
46
Now it's limited, but it's limited in the way that you just described.
47
So you could imagine that the worst form of immaturity, the most counterproductive form of immaturity would be something like,
48
well, the Freudian oral stage.
49
If we reformulated that in more modern terminology, that would be something like prolonged infantile immaturity.
50
So you're basically stuck as a dependent, right?
51
And so you have no, all your locus of control is external.
52
All you do is whine to get people to deliver to you what you want.
53
Now that's perfectly acceptable if you're six months old, although you could even use smiling at that point and as an invitation.
54
But then you might imagine that if you are stuck at that dependent stage and you have a impulse for maturation,
55
if someone who was more narcissistic and aggressive came along, they would actually look attractive to you because first of all,
56
it would be better to be, it's better to be a narcissistic extrovert than it is to be a dependent infant.
57
That doesn't mean it's good, right?
58
But it does mean that it's better.
59
Yeah.
60
Well, and you can think about that from an evolutionary biological perspective too,
61
because it's definitely the case that manipulative psychopaths can be successful in finding sexual partners.
62
Whereas infantile dependent men, they're just not going anywhere on that side of things because they can't,
63
like no women, virtually no women are attracted to infantile dependent men.
64
some women are attracted to narcissistic blowhards, right?
65
So yeah, is that in keeping with your understanding of the developmental progression?
66
Yeah.
67
I mean, I think it makes sense.
68
And I like how you're saying that.
69
Like, look, dude, it's better to be narcissistic and full of yourself if you're a guy than just be a dependent loser.
70
But that isn't the highest stage of male development isn't being a peacock.
71
It's helping.
72
It's being a provider.
73
It's doing more than that.
74
It's leading a family.
75
It's leading people.
76
But again, it is better to be narcissistic than just dependent.
77
So yeah, it makes sense.
78
Oh, you mentioned Andrew Tate.
79
I'm kind of old for this,
80
but I see a lot of younger guys that are attracted to this more sort of alpha in quotes personality model.
81
And I understand it too, because they're not getting a lot of really good male role models out there.
82
So they see one that looks sort of cartoonish and seems functional
83
and seems to have some agency
84
and seems to be navigating life effectively in a way that would be appealing to a 15-year-old guy.
85
And so I understand it.
86
I just wish we had better role models, you know, but I understand it.
87
It might also be, well, it might also be that there is a a time at which that's actually developmentally appropriate.
88
So, you know, one of the things we found in our analysis of the development of psychopathology, so imagine with teenagers, okay,
89
imagine there's two patterns of, three patterns of living with the rules,
90
say when you're 13 to 15 and you're a male.
91
Now, it also applies to females, but less so because they're not as aggressive.
92
So imagine that you're a 13 to 15-year-old male who never breaks a rule ever.
93
Okay, now imagine you're a 13 to 15-year-old and you break a rule all the time, And then imagine that you're somewhere in the middle.
94
Okay, so that's the whole distribution.
95
Well, the males who never break a rule, they are at higher risk for dependent personality disorder,
96
for depression and anxiety later in life.
97
Now, the ones on the other end of the spectrum are much more at risk for lifetime criminality,
98
let's say, and substance abuse, violence, and all that.
99
So there's pathology associated with both extremes with regards to rules.
100
Now, the kids in the middle, they are going to experiment.
101
And so now you can imagine that if you're a kid who comes from a good home and you're pretty rule oriented,
102
there might well be a time between the ages of 13 and 15 or 16,
103
something like that, where it's actually appropriate for you to admire the rule breakers to some degree,
104
because that's one of the things that pops you out of that childhood dependence on your parents, right?
105
But hopefully you would supersede that as you mature.
106
And that is the pattern for most men, right?
107
I mean, criminality drops off like mad around 25.
108
And so does substance abuse, something like that.
109
And that's often when men who are like men, women like men, four to five years older.
110
And so it makes sense that it's about 25 or so that men start to get their act together.
111
And that's when they take that step beyond the more narcissistic
112
and showy aspects of masculinity and take on these roles
113
that are oriented towards a longer time span and a broader social horizon.
114
What you're making me think of is the classic, you know, Jack Block's work on, you know, drug use in Berkeley back in the 70s.
115
It was the people who didn't use any and used too much that got into trouble.
116
And then there's this golden mean in the middle.
117
And you see that golden mean in a lot of things where you want to have a little edge, but not too much edge.
118
You don't want to be perfectly moral, but you don't want to be immoral.
119
There's always that little bit of edge.
120
And you're right, developmentally, I think it's appropriate for young guys to kind of go to
121
that little darker side for a while, maybe.
Tải Ứng Dụng
Mọi thứ bạn cần để nói trôi chảy
Chấm điểm AIChấm từng câu nói
Luyện IPAThành thạo mọi âm
Từ vựngMở rộng vốn từ
Game Từ vựngHọc qua chơi
Cùng kênh
C11
Start With Dostoevsky
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B22
Learn How To Write and It Will Change Your Life
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
How Personality Predicts Success in Different Fields
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B2Why You Can't Force Yourself to Do Anything
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1This One Skill Will Change Your Life
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1This Is How You Become More Articulate
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
Video gợi ý
C11
86 câu
Why Do We Stay in Relationships That Hurt Us?
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
308 câu
The Most Eye Opening 20 Minutes Of Your Life | Jordan Peterson Motivation
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
429 câu
The Secret to Fixing Your Adulthood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
14 câu
How trauma manifests later in life | Dr. Gabor Mate
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
306 câu
Why Nihilism is Taking Over Modern Society
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
67 câu
Why I’m against empathy | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
53 câu
Gabor Maté – Authenticity vs. Attachment
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
214 câu
Fawning: The Survival Strategy That Turns Into Self-Abandonment | Fawning #2
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
54 câu
When Your Brain Forgets Porn, Something Happens - Dr. Andrew Huberman
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
69 câu
Kids don’t always make you happier. Here’s why people have them anyway. | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
68 câu
Daddy Issues
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
97 câu
Jordan Peterson - You Need a Routine!
Business EnglishDaily ConversationUniversity Students
Từ vựng và ghi chú luyện nói cho bài học này
Bài luyện nói này dựa trên video “The Worst Form of Immaturity”. Những từ được nhắc lại nhiều nhất trong bài: dependent, imagine, narcissistic, male, rule. Video này có 121 câu và 1511 từ để luyện shadowing. Phần lời nói dài 9:16. Người nói nói với tốc độ tự nhiên, khoảng 163 từ mỗi phút, gần với hội thoại hằng ngày. 84% số từ nằm trong 3.000 từ tiếng Anh thông dụng nhất; phần còn lại nên xem trước khi luyện.
Từ vựng quan trọng trong video
15 từ đáng học trong video, kèm phiên âm và nghĩa:
| Từ | Phiên âm | Nghĩa |
|---|---|---|
| aggressive tính từ | /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ | xâm lược |
| substance danh từ | /ˈsʌbstəns/ | vật chất |
| phenomenon danh từ | /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/ | hiện tượng |
| cartoon danh từ | /kɑɹˈtun/ | tranh biếm hoạ |
| pathology danh từ | /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/ | bịnh lý học, bệnh học |
| complicated tính từ | /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ | phức tạp |
| anxiety danh từ | /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/ | sự lo lắng, lo âu |
| minority danh từ | /maɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/ | thiểu số, số ít |
| steal động từ | /stiːl/ | trộm, chôm |
| experiment danh từ | /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ | thí nghiệm |
| spin động từ | /spɪn/ | quay |
| bite động từ | /baɪt/ | cắn |
| disorder danh từ | /dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/ | rối loạn |
| spectrum danh từ | /ˈspɛktɹəm/ | quang phổ |
| virtually trạng từ | /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/ | hầu như, gần như |
Ngữ pháp trong video
Những cấu trúc người nói dùng nhiều nhất, kèm đúng cụm từ trong video:
| Cấu trúc | Trong video |
|---|---|
| Câu bị động be + quá khứ phân từ — nhấn vào việc xảy ra, không phải người làm | are socialized · weren't socialized · being stuck |
| Mệnh đề quan hệ who / which + mệnh đề — thêm thông tin về người hoặc vật | someone who was · kid who comes · men who are |
| Thì hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + quá khứ phân từ — việc đã xảy ra nhưng còn liên quan đến hiện tại | who've studied · has really interested |
Phát âm cần chú ý
Người nói dùng 44 dạng rút gọn, ví dụ you're, they're, I'm. Hãy nói theo dạng ngắn đúng như bạn nghe.
- Âm “th”: pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/, psychopath /ˈsaɪkəʊpæθ/, psychopathic /ˌsaɪkoʊˈpæθɪk/, psychopathology /ˌsaɪ̯kɒpəˈθɒlədʒɪ/
- Âm “sh” và “zh”: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, shine /ʃaɪn/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/
- Từ dài — đặt trọng âm cho đúng: developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/
Những âm người Việt thường gặp khó:
- Cụm phụ âm cuối — đọc đủ từng âm, đừng nuốt âm cuối: dependent /dɪˈpɛndənt/, attract /əˈtɹækt/, substance /ˈsʌbstəns/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/, experiment /ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/
- Âm /tʃ/, /dʒ/ và /ʒ/ — tiếng Việt không có, đừng đọc thành “ch” hay “gi”: pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, biological /ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/, mature /məˈt͡ʃʊ(ə)ɹ/, psychological /ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/, virtually /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/
- Âm /æ/ — mở miệng rộng hơn âm “e”: attract /əˈtɹækt/, alpha /ˈæl.fə/, establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, aspect /ˈæspɛkt/
Cách luyện với video này
- Nghe hết video một lần, chưa cần nói, và ghi lại những từ bạn chưa biết.
- Bắt đầu ở tốc độ 0,75×, nói đuổi từng câu, rồi quay lại tốc độ bình thường khi đã quen.
- Ghi âm giọng mình rồi so với bản gốc, chú ý các từ như aggressive, substance, phenomenon.
Phương Pháp Shadowing Là Gì?
Shadowing là kỹ thuật học ngôn ngữ có cơ sở khoa học, ban đầu được phát triển cho chương trình đào tạo phiên dịch viên chuyên nghiệp và được phổ biến rộng rãi bởi nhà đa ngôn ngữ học Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Nguyên lý cốt lõi đơn giản nhưng cực kỳ hiệu quả: bạn nghe tiếng Anh của người bản xứ và lặp lại to ngay lập tức — như một "cái bóng" (shadow) đuổi theo người nói với độ trễ chỉ 1–2 giây. Khác với luyện ngữ pháp hay học từ vựng bị động, Shadowing buộc não bộ và cơ miệng phải đồng thời xử lý và tái tạo ngôn ngữ thực tế. Các nghiên cứu khoa học xác nhận phương pháp này cải thiện đáng kể phát âm, ngữ điệu, nhịp điệu, nối âm, kỹ năng nghe và độ lưu loát khi nói — đặc biệt hiệu quả cho người luyện IELTS Speaking và muốn giao tiếp tiếng Anh tự nhiên như người bản ngữ.