Практика Shadowing: The Worst Form of Immaturity - Изучайте разговорный английский по видео

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One of the things that we established when we were looking at the developmental course of maturation, so tell me what you think about this.

So it seems to me that a lot of what we see as narcissism is actually something like prolonged immaturity.

Now, it's a little more complicated than that.

So the little kids that we studied, and this is true of those who've studied little kids in general

so there's about five percent of males at the age of two who hit kick bite and steal

when you put them with other two-year-olds and they're almost all male

and there's only one in 20 and

so you could say most two-year-olds aren't psychopathic narcissists by by temperament

so these are probably the boys who are disagreeable extroverts by temperament right and so they're competitive,

they're pushy, and when they're very young, they're impulsive.

Now, most of them are socialized by the age of four.

Now, our studies of long-term criminality indicated that it was the minority of

that 5% who weren't socialized by the age of four that became the long-term predatory criminals.

And it was very difficult to do anything about that after the age four.

But that's also made me think more recently that what we're seeing as that narcissistic,

predatory parasitism is probably something like a failure of maturation.

It's like, rather than being a pathology in and of itself, it's just the maintenance of self-centered immaturity far beyond its expiry date.

And so I'm wondering what you think of a formulation like that.

I like that idea and that there is an immaturity to narcissism.

Just to take it in a little bit of a Freudian direction, it seems you can think,

you know, if you think about it in terms of sort of Freud's developmental model,

the narcissism is like being stuck in the phallic stage a little bit rather than being stuck in, say, the oral stage or anal

So I don't think it's just there can be different types of being immature.

I think that- Right, right, right.

It's not dependent, for example.

Yeah, you're not a dependent, not like, I just need someone to take care of me.

I'm 50 years old.

It's more, you get stuck in this, like I should say adolescent, this childish, phallic, masculine, I'm going to do this.

I'm going to get this.

And you get stuck in that.

And that model, you know, you can use it as an adult, but it's kind of like you're a little bit of a cartoon.

And so that's something I see that it's like you're a cartoon child acting like an adult, like I'm a big deal,

like the guys that try to be alpha.

And I'm like, yeah, dude.

So yeah, I do see.

Calm down there, buddy.

Yeah, calm down.

Come on.

So I do see that for sure.

But I do think it's sort of one path in development that you don't develop.

It's not all the paths.

Yeah.

Well, I think that's a good distinction because it shines a light on another sociological or psychological phenomena.

So one of the things that we see is the rise to a certain type of stardom of people like Andrew Tate.

And the Andrew Tate phenomenon has really interested me because I have some sympathy for him.

Now it's limited, but it's limited in the way that you just described.

So you could imagine that the worst form of immaturity, the most counterproductive form of immaturity would be something like,

well, the Freudian oral stage.

If we reformulated that in more modern terminology, that would be something like prolonged infantile immaturity.

So you're basically stuck as a dependent, right?

And so you have no, all your locus of control is external.

All you do is whine to get people to deliver to you what you want.

Now that's perfectly acceptable if you're six months old, although you could even use smiling at that point and as an invitation.

But then you might imagine that if you are stuck at that dependent stage and you have a impulse for maturation,

if someone who was more narcissistic and aggressive came along, they would actually look attractive to you because first of all,

it would be better to be, it's better to be a narcissistic extrovert than it is to be a dependent infant.

That doesn't mean it's good, right?

But it does mean that it's better.

Yeah.

Well, and you can think about that from an evolutionary biological perspective too,

because it's definitely the case that manipulative psychopaths can be successful in finding sexual partners.

Whereas infantile dependent men, they're just not going anywhere on that side of things because they can't,

like no women, virtually no women are attracted to infantile dependent men.

some women are attracted to narcissistic blowhards, right?

So yeah, is that in keeping with your understanding of the developmental progression?

Yeah.

I mean, I think it makes sense.

And I like how you're saying that.

Like, look, dude, it's better to be narcissistic and full of yourself if you're a guy than just be a dependent loser.

But that isn't the highest stage of male development isn't being a peacock.

It's helping.

It's being a provider.

It's doing more than that.

It's leading a family.

It's leading people.

But again, it is better to be narcissistic than just dependent.

So yeah, it makes sense.

Oh, you mentioned Andrew Tate.

I'm kind of old for this,

but I see a lot of younger guys that are attracted to this more sort of alpha in quotes personality model.

And I understand it too, because they're not getting a lot of really good male role models out there.

So they see one that looks sort of cartoonish and seems functional

and seems to have some agency

and seems to be navigating life effectively in a way that would be appealing to a 15-year-old guy.

And so I understand it.

I just wish we had better role models, you know, but I understand it.

It might also be, well, it might also be that there is a a time at which that's actually developmentally appropriate.

So, you know, one of the things we found in our analysis of the development of psychopathology, so imagine with teenagers, okay,

imagine there's two patterns of, three patterns of living with the rules,

say when you're 13 to 15 and you're a male.

Now, it also applies to females, but less so because they're not as aggressive.

So imagine that you're a 13 to 15-year-old male who never breaks a rule ever.

Okay, now imagine you're a 13 to 15-year-old and you break a rule all the time, And then imagine that you're somewhere in the middle.

Okay, so that's the whole distribution.

Well, the males who never break a rule, they are at higher risk for dependent personality disorder,

for depression and anxiety later in life.

Now, the ones on the other end of the spectrum are much more at risk for lifetime criminality,

let's say, and substance abuse, violence, and all that.

So there's pathology associated with both extremes with regards to rules.

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Now, the kids in the middle, they are going to experiment.

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And so now you can imagine that if you're a kid who comes from a good home and you're pretty rule oriented,

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there might well be a time between the ages of 13 and 15 or 16,

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something like that, where it's actually appropriate for you to admire the rule breakers to some degree,

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because that's one of the things that pops you out of that childhood dependence on your parents, right?

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But hopefully you would supersede that as you mature.

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And that is the pattern for most men, right?

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I mean, criminality drops off like mad around 25.

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And so does substance abuse, something like that.

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And that's often when men who are like men, women like men, four to five years older.

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And so it makes sense that it's about 25 or so that men start to get their act together.

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And that's when they take that step beyond the more narcissistic

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and showy aspects of masculinity and take on these roles

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that are oriented towards a longer time span and a broader social horizon.

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What you're making me think of is the classic, you know, Jack Block's work on, you know, drug use in Berkeley back in the 70s.

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It was the people who didn't use any and used too much that got into trouble.

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And then there's this golden mean in the middle.

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And you see that golden mean in a lot of things where you want to have a little edge, but not too much edge.

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You don't want to be perfectly moral, but you don't want to be immoral.

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There's always that little bit of edge.

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And you're right, developmentally, I think it's appropriate for young guys to kind of go to

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that little darker side for a while, maybe.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Этот урок разговорной практики построен на видео «The Worst Form of Immaturity». Чаще всего повторяются слова: dependent, imagine, narcissistic, male, rule. В этом видео 121 предложений и 1511 слов для шедоуинга. Речь длится 9:16. Говорящий говорит в естественном темпе, около 163 слов в минуту, близком к повседневной речи. 84% слов входят в 3000 самых частых слов английского языка; остальные стоит разобрать перед занятием.

Ключевая лексика этого видео

15 слов из видео, которые стоит выучить, с произношением и значением:

Слово	Произношение	Значение
dependent прилагательное	/dɪˈpɛndənt/	зави́симый, подчинённый
attract глагол	/əˈtɹækt/	притя́гивать, притяну́ть
aggressive прилагательное	/əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/	агресси́вный, вои́нственный
oral прилагательное	/ˈɔː.ɹəl/	ротово́й, ора́льный
alpha существительное	/ˈæl.fə/	а́льфа
substance существительное	/ˈsʌbstəns/	вещество́, субста́нция
phenomenon существительное	/fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/	явле́ние, собы́тие
cartoon существительное	/kɑɹˈtun/	ко́микс, карикату́ра
pathology существительное	/pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/	патоло́гия
complicated прилагательное	/ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/	сло́жный, запу́танный
establish глагол	/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/	устана́вливать, установи́ть
moral прилагательное	/ˈmoɹəl/	мора́льный, нравоучи́тельный
anxiety существительное	/æŋˈzaɪ.əti/	беспоко́йство, трево́га
aspect существительное	/ˈæspɛkt/	аспе́кт, вид
minority существительное	/maɪˈnɒɹ.ɪ.ti/	несовершенноле́тие

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Слово	Значение
calm down глагол	успока́иваться, успоко́иться
come along глагол	сопровожда́ть, составля́ть компа́нию
drop off глагол	па́дать, упа́сть

Грамматика в этом видео

Конструкции, которые говорящий использует чаще всего, с точными словами из видео:

Конструкция	В видео
Пассивный залог be + причастие прошедшего времени — важно, что происходит, а не кто это делает	are socialized · weren't socialized · being stuck
Придаточные определительные who / which + предложение — уточнение о человеке или предмете	someone who was · kid who comes · men who are
Present Perfect have/has + причастие прошедшего времени — прошлое действие, важное сейчас	who've studied · has really interested

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Говорящий использует 44 сокращённых и редуцированных форм, например you're, they're, I'm. Произносите их коротко, так, как слышите.

Звуки «th»: pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, sympathy /ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/, psychopath /ˈsaɪkəʊpæθ/, psychopathic /ˌsaɪkoʊˈpæθɪk/, psychopathology /ˌsaɪ̯kɒpəˈθɒlədʒɪ/
Звуки «sh» и «zh»: establish /ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/, associate /əˈsoʊʃi.ət/, shine /ʃaɪn/, invitation /ɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/
Длинные слова — следите за ударением: developmental /dɪˌvɛləpˈmɛntəl/, phenomenon /fəˈnɒm.ɪ.nən/, pathology /pəˈθɒləd͡ʒi/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/

Звуки, трудные для русскоязычных:

/w/ — губы округлены, это не /v/: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, virtually /ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/, whine /ˈwaɪ̯n/
/h/ — лёгкий выдох, а не русское «х»: whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, horizon /həˈɹaɪ.zən/
Звонкие согласные в конце слова — не оглушайте их: aggressive /əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/, complicated /ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/, whereas /(h)wɛɹˈæz/, regards /ɹɪˈɡɑɹdz/, socialize /ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/

Как заниматься с этим видео

Прослушайте всё видео один раз молча и выпишите незнакомые слова.
Начните со скорости 0,75×, повторяйте предложение за предложением и вернитесь к обычной скорости, когда станет легко.
Запишите себя и сравните с оригиналом, обращая внимание на такие слова, как dependent, attract, aggressive.

Что такое техника Shadowing?

Shadowing — это научно обоснованная техника изучения языка, изначально разработанная для подготовки профессиональных переводчиков и популяризированная полиглотом доктором Александром Аргуэльесом. Метод прост, но эффективен: вы слушаете аудио на английском от носителей языка и немедленно повторяете вслух — как тень, следующая за говорящим с задержкой в 1–2 секунды. В отличие от пассивного прослушивания или грамматических упражнений, Shadowing заставляет мозг и мышцы рта одновременно обрабатывать и воспроизводить реальные речевые паттерны. Исследования показывают, что это значительно улучшает точность произношения, интонацию, ритм, связную речь, понимание на слух и беглость речи — что делает его одним из самых эффективных методов для подготовки к IELTS Speaking и реального общения на английском.

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Лексика и советы по произношению к этому уроку

Ключевая лексика этого видео

Фразовые глаголы, которые вы услышите

Грамматика в этом видео

Произношение, на которое стоит обратить внимание

Как заниматься с этим видео

Что такое техника Shadowing?