第 60 课 · 第 4 阶段: 时态与情态动词
“be supposed to / about to / likely to”
中级“Be supposed to / about to / likely to”
构成与用法
be supposed/about/likely to + 动词 — 预期、即将、可能
1.句型
这几个短语句型相同：be + supposed / about / likely / due / bound + to + 动词原形。be 随主语和时态变化（am / is / are / was / were）；否定式在 be 后面加 not。
| 短语 | 意思 | 例句 |
|---|---|---|
| be supposed to | 规定、计划或别人说的情况 | You're supposed to take off your shoes here. |
| be about to | 马上就要发生 | The film is about to start. |
| be likely to | 很可能会发生 | It's likely to rain tonight. |
| be due to | 按计划在某个时间 | The train is due to arrive at 9:40. |
| be bound to | 一定会发生 | You're bound to pass — you've worked so hard. |
语速快时，“supposed to” 听起来像 /səˈpəʊs tə/——d 几乎听不见，所以学习者常写成 “suppose to”。书面上永远写 supposed（带 -d）。
2.Be supposed to
1. 规定以及别人期望你做的事——常暗示人们并不总是照做
You're supposed to wear a helmet on a motorbike.
骑摩托车应该戴头盔。
We're not supposed to use our phones in class.
上课时我们不应该用手机。（= 不允许）
2. 计划和安排——常用于事情没有按计划进行的时候；was / were supposed to = 原本是这么计划的，但没有实现
The bus is supposed to come every ten minutes, but I've been waiting for half an hour.
这趟公交车按说每十分钟一班，可我已经等了半个小时了。
I was supposed to meet Lan at six, but I forgot.
我本来六点要和阿兰见面的，但我忘了。
3. 人们的说法或看法
This café is supposed to have the best egg coffee in Hanoi.
据说这家咖啡馆的鸡蛋咖啡是河内最好喝的。
The new film is supposed to be really good.
听说那部新电影特别好看。
be meant to 和 be supposed to 意思相近（规定、用途），在英式英语中很常用：You're not meant to park here. This app is meant to save you time.
3.Supposed to 还是 should？
should = 建议或说话人自己的看法。be supposed to = 来自外部的规定或期望，常暗示实际情况并非如此。批评没做的事，用 should have + V3（见“情态动词 + have + V3”一课）。
You should try the egg coffee — it's great.
你应该尝尝鸡蛋咖啡——特别好喝。（我的看法）
You're supposed to pay before you eat here.
在这里要先付钱再吃。（店里的规定）
I was supposed to call my mum last night.
我昨晚本该给我妈打电话的。（我答应了，但没打）
想说某事原本有计划或预期、但没有发生时，was / were supposed to 往往是最自然的说法（相当于中文的“本来应该”“原定”）：The flight was supposed to leave at 8。
4.Be about to——马上就要
be about to = 某事马上就要发生，几秒或几分钟之内。它通常不和时间状语连用（不说 about to … tomorrow）。was / were about to = 正要做某事时，发生了别的事。
Hurry up! The doors are about to close.
快点！门马上就要关了。
I'm just about to have lunch. Can I call you back?
我正要吃午饭，待会儿给你回电话行吗？
I was about to go to bed when the phone rang.
我正要上床睡觉，电话响了。
5.Likely to、due to、bound to
- be likely to = 很可能会发生；否定：be unlikely to 或 not likely to。美式英语也常说 “He'll likely win”；英式英语更喜欢说 “He's likely to win” 或 “He'll probably win”。
- be due to + 动词 = 按计划在某个时间。不要和 due to + 名词（= 因为）搞混：The game was cancelled due to the rain。
- be bound to = 一定会发生（说话人的看法）。
Traffic is likely to be bad this evening.
今晚交通很可能会很堵。
She's unlikely to change her mind.
她不太可能改变主意。
The new bridge is due to open in May.
新桥预计五月通车。
Don't lend him money. He's bound to forget to pay you back.
别借钱给他，他肯定会忘了还你。
6.常见错误
You are not suppose to park here.You are not supposed to park here.
supposed 永远要写 -d。
We supposed to meet at six yesterday.We were supposed to meet at six yesterday.
需要 be（这里是过去时：were）。
You don't supposed to smoke here.You aren't supposed to smoke here.
否定式用 be + not，不用 don't。
The film is about to starting.The film is about to start.
about to 后面用动词原形。
He is likely win.He is likely to win.
不要漏掉 to。
I'm about to visit Hue next year.I'm going to visit Hue next year.
About to 用于很近的将来，不用于很久以后的计划。
例句
- You aren't supposed to smoke in here. It's a hospital.
- We were supposed to meet at six, but she didn't come.
- Turn off the stove! The milk is about to boil over.
- Traffic is unlikely to be bad on a Sunday morning.
