“going to” 表将来

am / is / are + going to + 动词原形。

特殊疑问句：What are you going to cook? Who is going to drive? 简略回答：Yes, I am. / No, she isn't. I'm going to go… 完全正确，即使听起来有点重复。

💡两个常见的小错误：漏掉 be（I going to…），以及漏掉 to 或改变它后面的动词（going to moving）。在快速口语中，going to 常常听起来像 gonna——只在随意的聊天消息里才写 gonna。

1. 打算——说话之前就已经决定的事

• I'm going to learn to swim this summer.

  今年夏天我打算学游泳。

• Why are you buying paint? — I'm going to paint my bedroom.

  你为什么买油漆？——我要刷我的卧室。

• We're not going to buy a car this year. It's too expensive.

  我们今年不打算买车了。太贵了。

2. 根据现在看到的情况做出的预测

• Look at the sky over the river. It's going to rain.

  看看河那边的天空。要下雨了。

• Careful! You're going to spill your coffee.

  小心！你的咖啡要洒了。

• It's 8:55 and class starts at nine. We're going to be late.

  现在 8 点 55 了，九点上课。我们要迟到了。

3. 过去的打算：was / were going to——通常指最后没有实现的事（见“was going to”一课）

• I was going to call you last night, but my phone died.

  我昨晚本来要给你打电话的，可是手机没电了。

两者都谈论将来。区别在于什么时候做的决定，以及预测的依据是什么。

比较同一个情景：

• We're out of milk. — I know. I'm going to get some after work.

  我们没牛奶了。——我知道。我下班后会去买。（早就决定了）

• We're out of milk. — Oh, are we? I'll get some.

  我们没牛奶了。——哦，是吗？那我去买。（刚刚才决定）

如果是没有特别迹象的一般预测，两者常常可以互换：I think it'll be hot tomorrow = I think it's going to be hot tomorrow。如果是时间已经定好的个人计划，用现在进行时也很自然：I'm meeting Lan at six（见“现在进行时表将来安排”一课）。

💡很多学习者所有将来的事都用 will。开口前先问问自己：这件事我是不是已经决定了？是 → 用 going to。现在才决定 → 用 will。

• ✗I going to call you tomorrow.

  ✓I'm going to call you tomorrow.

  缺少 be。

• ✗They are going to moving to Da Lat.

  ✓They are going to move to Da Lat.

  going to 后面用动词原形。

• ✗Do you going to watch the match?

  ✓Are you going to watch the match?

  疑问句把 be 放在前面——不用 do。

• ✗It's going to rains this afternoon.

  ✓It's going to rain this afternoon.

  to 后面的动词不加 -s。

• ✗What you are going to do after graduation?

  ✓What are you going to do after graduation?

  疑问句中 be 放在主语前面。