“going to” 表將來

am / is / are + going to + 動詞原形。

特殊疑問句：What are you going to cook? Who is going to drive? 簡略回答：Yes, I am. / No, she isn't. I'm going to go… 完全正確，即使聽起來有點重複。

💡兩個常見的小錯誤：漏掉 be（I going to…），以及漏掉 to 或改變它後面的動詞（going to moving）。在快速口語中，going to 常常聽起來像 gonna——只在隨意的聊天訊息裡才寫 gonna。

1. 打算——說話之前就已經決定的事

• I'm going to learn to swim this summer.

  今年夏天我打算學游泳。

• Why are you buying paint? — I'm going to paint my bedroom.

  你為什麼買油漆？——我要刷我的臥室。

• We're not going to buy a car this year. It's too expensive.

  我們今年不打算買車了。太貴了。

2. 根據現在看到的情況做出的預測

• Look at the sky over the river. It's going to rain.

  看看河那邊的天空。要下雨了。

• Careful! You're going to spill your coffee.

  小心！你的咖啡要灑了。

• It's 8:55 and class starts at nine. We're going to be late.

  現在 8 點 55 了，九點上課。我們要遲到了。

3. 過去的打算：was / were going to——通常指最後沒有實現的事（見“was going to”一課）

• I was going to call you last night, but my phone died.

  我昨晚本來要給你打電話的，可是手機沒電了。

兩者都談論將來。區別在於什麼時候做的決定，以及預測的依據是什麼。

比較同一個情景：

• We're out of milk. — I know. I'm going to get some after work.

  我們沒牛奶了。——我知道。我下班後會去買。（早就決定了）

• We're out of milk. — Oh, are we? I'll get some.

  我們沒牛奶了。——哦，是嗎？那我去買。（剛剛才決定）

如果是沒有特別跡象的一般預測，兩者常常可以互換：I think it'll be hot tomorrow = I think it's going to be hot tomorrow。如果是時間已經定好的個人計劃，用現在進行時也很自然：I'm meeting Lan at six（見“現在進行時表將來安排”一課）。

💡很多學習者所有將來的事都用 will。開口前先問問自己：這件事我是不是已經決定了？是 → 用 going to。現在才決定 → 用 will。

• ✗I going to call you tomorrow.

  ✓I'm going to call you tomorrow.

  缺少 be。

• ✗They are going to moving to Da Lat.

  ✓They are going to move to Da Lat.

  going to 後面用動詞原形。

• ✗Do you going to watch the match?

  ✓Are you going to watch the match?

  疑問句把 be 放在前面——不用 do。

• ✗It's going to rains this afternoon.

  ✓It's going to rain this afternoon.

  to 後面的動詞不加 -s。

• ✗What you are going to do after graduation?

  ✓What are you going to do after graduation?

  疑問句中 be 放在主語前面。