方位介词：in / on / at

初级

Prepositions of place: in / on / at

构成与用法

in the box, on the wall, at the door, next to, between, opposite——说明东西在哪里

1.In, on, at——三个基本概念

介词	概念	例子
in	在有边界的空间里面：盒子、房间、包、城市、国家	in the box, in the kitchen, in my bag, in Hanoi, in Vietnam
on	在表面上，与表面接触：桌子、墙、地板、书页	on the table, on the wall, on the floor, on page 12
at	一个点：你站着、碰面或做某事的地方	at the door, at the bus stop, at the traffic lights, at the counter

The keys are in the drawer.
钥匙在抽屉里。
There's a calendar on the fridge.
冰箱上贴着一张日历。
I'll wait for you at the gate.
我在大门口等你。
My brother lives in Da Nang.
我哥哥住在岘港。

照着中文逐字翻译常会用错介词：中文说“天上”，英语却是 in the sky（不是 on）；中文说“照片上”，英语却是 in a photo。整个短语一起记，又快又保险。

2.常用短语

in	on	at
in the sky, in the sea	on the left, on the right	at home, at work, at school
in a photo, in the mirror	on the ground floor, on the third floor	at the top / at the bottom of the page
in bed, in hospital（英式）/ in the hospital（美式）	on the bus, on the train, on a plane	at the end of the road
in my pocket, in the street（英式）/ on the street（美式）	on the beach, on a farm, on an island	at a party, at a concert, at the meeting

Minh is still in bed.
阿明还在床上。（睡觉或躺着休息：in bed）
Our flat is on the fifth floor.
我们的公寓在五楼。
I'm staying at home tonight.
我今晚待在家里。
We met at a friend's wedding.
我们是在一个朋友的婚礼上认识的。
Write your name at the top of the form.
在表格顶部写上你的名字。

待在自己家里是 at home——不加 the，也不说 in home。回家是 go home；见“方向介词：to / at / in / into”一课。

3.In 还是 at：城市和建筑物

城市和国家 → 总是用 in：in Hue, in Japan。说建筑物（学校、银行、电影院、车站、酒店）时，通常用 at 表示你为了某件事在那里，用 in 强调在建筑物里面。某人的家：at Lan's (house), at my grandma's。

I'm at the bank. I'll call you back.
我在银行，待会儿给你回电话。
It's really cold in the cinema, so bring a jacket.
电影院里面很冷，带件外套吧。（强调在里面）
We stayed at a small hotel in Hoi An.
我们在会安住在一家小旅馆。
We had dinner at my grandma's.
我们在外婆家吃了晚饭。（at + 某人's = 在某人家）

4.其他方位介词

介词	意思	例句
next to / beside	紧挨着，在旁边	The pharmacy is next to the bank.
between … and …	在两样东西中间	The café is between the bakery and the school.
opposite（美式：across from）	面对面，在（马路、桌子的）另一边	The hotel is opposite the market.
in front of	在……前面	There's a tree in front of my house.
behind	在……后面	The car park is behind the supermarket.
under / below	低于（under：在正下方；below：在较低的位置）	The cat is asleep under the chair.
above / over	高于，不接触	There's a clock above the door.
near	离……不远	Do you live near the school?

Hoa sits next to me in class.
上课时阿花坐在我旁边。
The post office is between the bank and the police station.
邮局在银行和警察局之间。
There's a pharmacy opposite my house, across the road.
我家对面、马路那边有一家药店。
A tall man was standing in front of me, so I couldn't see.
一个高个子男人站在我前面，我什么都看不见。

不要混淆 in front of 和 opposite。在你家门口、和你家在马路同一边的芒果树，是 in front of 你家。在马路另一边、和你家面对面的房子，是 opposite 你家。另外记住：opposite 通常直接放在名词前；next to 要加 to；in front of 要加 of。

5.常见错误

~~My parents live at Vietnam.~~
My parents live in Vietnam.
国家和城市 → 用 in。
~~There's some water in the floor.~~
There's some water on the floor.
地板是一个表面 → 用 on。
~~He's in home today.~~
He's at home today.
在自己家里 = at home。
~~We had fun in Minh's birthday party.~~
We had fun at Minh's birthday party.
活动（派对、会议、音乐会）→ 用 at。
~~The bank is next the post office.~~
The bank is next to the post office.
next to 要加 to。
~~The shop is between the bank with the café.~~
The shop is between the bank and the café.
固定搭配是 between A and B。

例句

There's a picture on the wall above my bed.
Put the ice cream in the freezer, or it will melt.
Lan was born in Vietnam.
Your phone is on the table.