تدريب Shadowing: Bài 1 - Đối Phó Với Cơn Buồn Chán - تعلم التحدث بالإنجليزية عبر الفيديو

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115 جمل
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1
This is 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com Hello, I'm Rob.
2
Welcome to 6 Minute English.
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I'm joined today by Finn.
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Hello Finn.
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Hi Rob.
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You know, I'm happy you called me to present this programme with you, because I was there by my desk feeling a bit bored.
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Great yawn, Finn.
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Yeah.
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Now yawn, of course, is a typical reaction of someone who is bored.
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Yeah, it's when you open your mouth wide and take some air in and slowly out.
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OK, well, let's make this programme all about boredom, shall we?
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And I'll start by stimulating your imagination.
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Thank you, but how are you going to make me excited and interested in something, Rob?
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OK, well, how about I challenge you to a question that you might not know the answer to?
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OK, well, you can try.
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OK.
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Go on then.
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Well, I know you like the theatre.
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I do.
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But it has to be an exciting play or I get restless.
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Restless.
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You mean unable to sit still because you get bored or worried even.
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OK.
24
Well, I wonder how you'd feel watching the longest continuous play recorded?
25
Well, that's quite an offer.
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But what do you mean?
27
Well, according to the Guinness Book of Records, the longest continuous dramatic performance was held in New Jersey in the US in 2010.
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But do you know how long the cast for The Bald Soprano by Eugene Ionesco was on stage four?
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Was it for about a.
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8 hours, b.
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17 hours, or c.
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23 hours?
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Wow, they're all pretty long.
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I'll say b.
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17 hours, Rob.
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Goodness, right.
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OK, well, I'll let you know the answer at the end of the programme.
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Now let's talk more about boredom.
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I think this is a feeling we have to learn how to cope with.
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Yes, we have to learn to deal with this situation successfully, to cope with it.
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But people often feel they want to change their life, to change their job.
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They might feel stuck in a rut.
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That's a good phrase, stuck in a rut.
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So you mean you have become too fixed in one kind of job.
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Yes, you know, Rob, even I sometimes dream of something a bit more exciting,
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like being a professional diver or maybe even a pilot of a really fast plane.
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Well, guess what?
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Even pilots get bored, you know.
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Not when they're flying, anyway.
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Wrong.
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When they're up in the air.
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No way, really.
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I don't believe you.
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Well, Missy Cummings, an American, was a fighter pilot.
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Listen to the phrasal verb she uses, meaning to stop being bored, at least for a while.
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Is there ever time for a fighter pilot to get bored?
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Oh, my gosh, sure.
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For the same reasons that commercial pilots get bored.
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These fighter jets are very automated when it comes to just holding altitude and heading.
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So you'd turn everything on autopilot.
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And I probably listened to more Oprah Winfrey TV shows on the high-frequency radios
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and so you get good about using the technology to figure out how to stave off that boredom.
63
Ah, so she listened to a show hosted by the American presenter Oprah Winfrey on the radio to stave off her boredom.
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Now, to stave off means to stop or to keep an unpleasant feeling away.
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In this case she means boredom.
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Yes, indeed.
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But some experts think there's something good about feeling bored.
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Really?
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Let's hear what Tiffany Watt-Smith has to say.
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She works for the Centre for the History of Emotions at the Queen Mary University of London.
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Pay attention to the word she uses to describe what boredom does to people.
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On the one hand, people are worried about being under-occupied and bored.
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On the other, there is a set of anxieties about us not having any more downtime.
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You know, we can constantly check our phones at the bus stop.
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Everything is to be filled and what does that do to our minds?
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I think boredom is a very useful emotion.
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It's an emotion which spurs people on to change something about their environment.
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If you're bored, it gives rise to creativity.
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So, boredom spurs people on to change something.
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Now, to spur on means to stimulate or to encourage someone to do something.
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So, what are you going to do, Finn?
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How will you change your life?
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Change my life?
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OK, two things.
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The first one is...
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I want to know if I got that question right.
87
Well, I said at the beginning of the programme
88
that the longest continuous dramatic performance was held in New Jersey US in 2010.
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And I asked you, how long was the cast on stage for to play the Bald Soprano by Eugene Ionesco?
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Yes, the options were 8 hours, 17 hours and 23 hours, I think.
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And I said 17.
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Was I right?
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You were not.
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Oh no. It was even longer.
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Oh wow!
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23 records, yes, the play lasted 23 hours, 33 minutes and 54 seconds.
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It was achieved by the 27 o'clock players who performed the Bald Soprano at Belmar, New Jersey, USA on 27th July 2010.
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Anyway, Finn, what's the second thing you were going to do to stave off your boredom?
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You know what, Rob?
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I'm going to book myself a fantastic holiday.
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Maybe I could start with a visit to Patagonia in Argentina to see the penguins.
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Yeah, sounds very exciting.
103
But before you head off to Patagonia, could you remind us of some of the English words we've heard today?
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We heard...
105
yawn, stimulating, restless, to cope with,
106
stuck in a rut, to stave off, to spur on.
107
Thanks, Finn.
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That's it for this programme.
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I hope you didn't find it boring.
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Not at all.
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I loved it.
112
join us again soon for another 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
113
Bye bye!
114
Bye!
115
That was 6 Minute English from bbclearningenglish.com.

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المفردات وملاحظات التحدث لهذا الدرس

هذا الدرس في المحادثة بمستوى B1 مبني على الفيديو “Bài 1 - Đối Phó Với Cơn Buồn Chán”. أكثر الكلمات تكرارًا في الفيديو: bored, boredom, Finn, Rob, English. يحتوي هذا الفيديو على 115 جملة و974 كلمة للتدرب على الترديد. مدة الكلام 6:08. يتكلم المتحدث بسرعة طبيعية، نحو 159 كلمة في الدقيقة، قريبة من المحادثة اليومية. 81% فقط من الكلمات ضمن أكثر 3,000 كلمة شيوعًا في الإنجليزية، فالمفردات صعبة نسبيًا. 19 من أصل 115 جملة هي أسئلة، لذلك يناسب التدرب على نبرة السؤال والإجابات القصيرة.

أهم المفردات في هذا الفيديو

أصعب 15 كلمة في الفيديو، مع النطق والمعنى:

الكلمةالنطقالمعنى
bore فعل/boɹ/أَمَلَّ
boredom اسم/ˈbɔɹ.dəm/مَلَل, ضَجَر
spur اسم/spɝ/مِهْمَاز
yawn فعل/jɔn/تَثَاءَبَ
continuous صفة/kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/مُتَوَاصِل, مُتَّصِل
fighter اسم/ˈfaɪtɚ/مُبَارِز, مُقَاتِل
emotion اسم/ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/عَاطِفَة, عَوَاطِف
automate فعل/ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/أَتْمَتَ
downtime اسم/ˈdaʊnˌtaɪm/فترة التعطيل
verb اسم/vɝb/فِعْل
penguin اسم/ˈpɛŋ.ɡwɪn/بِطْرِيق
creativity اسم/kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/إِبْدَاع
goodness اسم/ˈɡʊdnəs/خَيْر
imagination اسم/ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/خَيَّال, تَخَيُّل
jet اسم/ˈd͡ʒɛt/مُحَرِّك نَفَّاث

جمل تستحق التكرار

جمل قصيرة وكاملة من الفيديو يمكنك استخدامها في الحديث اليومي:

  • If you're bored, it gives rise to creativity.
  • How will you change your life?
  • I'm going to book myself a fantastic holiday.
  • I hope you didn't find it boring.

القواعد في هذا الفيديو

أكثر التراكيب التي يستخدمها المتحدث، مع العبارات نفسها من الفيديو:

التركيبفي الفيديو
المبني للمجهول be + اسم المفعول — التركيز على ما يحدث لا على من يفعلهwas held · be filled · was achieved
المضارع التام have/has + اسم المفعول — حدث ماضٍ ما زال له أثر الآنhave become · we've heard
صيغة التفضيل the -est / the most … — الأعلى أو الأدنى في مجموعةthe longest
الاحتمال بـ “might / may” might/may + فعل — شيء ممكن لكنه غير مؤكدmight not know · might feel

نطق يحتاج إلى انتباه

يستخدم المتحدث 16 من الصيغ المختصرة، مثل I'm, I'll, they're. انطقها بصيغتها القصيرة كما تسمعها.

  • أصوات “sh” و“zh”: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, gosh /ɡɑːʃ/, imagination /ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/
  • الكلمات الطويلة — انتبه لموضع النبر: continuous /kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/, autopilot /ˈɔtoʊˌpaɪlət/, creativity /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/, imagination /ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/

أصوات يجدها متحدثو العربية صعبة:

  • /p/ — ليس /b/: انطقه مع نفخة هواء: spur /spɝ/, autopilot /ˈɔtoʊˌpaɪlət/, presenter /pɹɪˈzɛntə(ɹ)/, penguin /ˈpɛŋ.ɡwɪn/, unpleasant /ʌnˈplɛzn̩t/
  • /v/ — ليس /f/: مع اهتزاز الأوتار الصوتية: stave /steɪv/, verb /vɝb/, creativity /kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/
  • تتابع الصوامت — لا تضف حركة بينها: stave /steɪv/, spur /spɝ/, restless /ˈɹɛstlɪs/, stimulate /ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/, phrasal /ˈfɹeɪzəl/

كيف تتدرب بهذا الفيديو

  1. استمع إلى الفيديو كاملًا مرة واحدة دون أن تتكلم، ودوّن الكلمات التي لا تعرفها.
  2. ابدأ بسرعة 0.75×، وردّد جملة جملة، ثم عُد إلى السرعة العادية عندما يصبح الأمر سهلًا.
  3. سجّل صوتك وقارنه بالأصل، مع الانتباه إلى كلمات مثل bore, boredom, spur.

ما هي تقنية التظليل الصوتي؟

التظليل الصوتي (Shadowing) تقنية تعلم لغة مدعومة علمياً، طُورت أصلاً لتدريب المترجمين الفوريين المحترفين. الطريقة بسيطة لكنها قوية: تستمع لصوت إنجليزي أصلي وتكرره فوراً بصوت عالٍ — كظل يتبع المتحدث بتأخير 1-2 ثانية. تُظهر الأبحاث تحسناً كبيراً في دقة النطق والتنغيم والإيقاع وربط الأصوات والاستماع والطلاقة.

تقنية الشادوينغ: اقرأ الدليل الكامل خطوة بخطوة →