الدرس 42 · المرحلة 3: الخطط والطلبات والمقارنة
المقارنة بـ “as … as”
مبتدئComparing with “as … as”
الصيغة والاستخدام
as + صفة + as — القول بأن شيئين متساويان
1.الصيغة
استخدم as + صفة/ظرف + as للقول إن شيئين متساويان. أضف not فيصبح المعنى أقل. وتبقى الصفة في الوسط على صيغتها العادية (بلا -er وبلا more).
| النمط | مثال | |
|---|---|---|
| المساواة | as + adj/adv + as | My brother is as tall as my dad now. |
| أقل | not as + adj/adv + as | Da Lat isn't as hot as Hanoi. |
| السؤال | Is … as + adj + as …? | Is Da Nang as expensive as Hanoi? |
| مع الأسماء | as much / as many + noun + as | I don't have as much free time as you. |
تحتاج إلى اثنتين من as: as tall as my dad. والكلمة الثانية ليست than ولا like.
2.متى نستخدمه
1. شيئان متساويان — أضف just لتأكيد “مثله تمامًا”
Your English is as good as mine.
إنجليزيتك جيدة مثل إنجليزيتي.
Hue is just as beautiful as Hoi An.
هوي جميلة تمامًا مثل هوي آن.
2. أقل: not as … as — طريقة ألطف وأكثر طبيعية للقول less … than. وفي النفي قد ترى أحيانًا not so … as بالمعنى نفسه.
This coffee isn't as strong as the one at home.
هذه القهوة ليست قوية مثل قهوة البيت.
The test wasn't as difficult as I expected.
لم يكن الاختبار صعبًا كما توقعت.
3. مع الظروف: مقارنة طريقة قيام الناس بالأشياء
Thao sings as beautifully as her mother.
تغني ثاو بجمال يضاهي غناء أمها.
I can't run as fast as you.
لا أستطيع أن أركض بسرعتك.
4. as much / as many — مقارنة الكميات: much + اسم غير معدود، many + اسم جمع
I don't earn as much as my brother.
لا أكسب بقدر ما يكسب أخي.
There aren't as many rice fields as before.
لم تعد حقول الأرز كثيرة كما كانت من قبل.
5. as … as possible / as … as I can — إلى أقصى درجة ممكنة
Please send me the report as soon as possible.
أرسل لي التقرير في أقرب وقت ممكن، من فضلك.
I ran as fast as I could.
ركضت بأقصى سرعة استطعتها.
3.ما مدى التقارب؟ just, nearly, twice…
| الكلمة قبل as | المعنى | مثال |
|---|---|---|
| just | مثله تمامًا | The cheap phone is just as good as the expensive one. |
| nearly / almost | قريب جدًا، لكن أقل قليلًا | Mai is nearly as tall as Lan. |
| not quite | أقل قليلًا | The second film isn't quite as good as the first. |
| not nearly | أقل بكثير | The flight wasn't nearly as bumpy as I feared. |
| twice / three times / half | ضعفان، ثلاثة أضعاف، نصف | Our new flat is twice as big as the old one. |
من ثلاثة أضعاف فما فوق يمكنك أيضًا أن تقول three times bigger than / three times more expensive than — وهذا شائع جدًا. أما للضعفين فاستخدم twice as … as (فـ twice bigger تبدو خطأ لمعظم الناطقين).
The bus ticket costs half as much as the train ticket.
تذكرة الحافلة تكلّف نصف ثمن تذكرة القطار.
The new bridge is three times as wide as the old one.
الجسر الجديد أعرض من القديم بثلاثة أضعاف.
4.the same as؛ as me أم as I am؟
للقول إن شيئين متطابقان، استخدم the same (+ اسم) as — لا like.
Your phone is the same as mine.
هاتفك مثل هاتفي تمامًا.
Hoa was born in the same year as me.
وُلدت هوا في السنة نفسها التي وُلدت فيها.
بعد as الثانية تنطبق القاعدة نفسها التي بعد than: me, him, her (في الكلام) أو فاعل + فعل مساعد (I am, she does). ويجب أن يكون الفعل المساعد في الزمن الصحيح.
He isn't as patient as me. = He isn't as patient as I am.
ليس صبورًا مثلي. (الجملتان بالمعنى نفسه)
Today I'm not as busy as I was yesterday.
لست مشغولًا اليوم كما كنت أمس. (وليس: as I'm yesterday)
استخدم the same as للأشياء المتطابقة (My bag is the same as yours)، و like للأشياء المتشابهة (She looks like her mum). ولا تخلط بينهما في “the same like”.
5.أخطاء شائعة
My room is as big than yours.My room is as big as yours.
as … as، لا than.
This bag is as heavier as that one.This bag is as heavy as that one.
استخدم الصفة العادية بين as و as.
My brother is as tall like my father.My brother is as tall as my father.
الكلمة الثانية as أيضًا.
This flat is as twice big as ours.This flat is twice as big as ours.
تأتي twice قبل as الأولى.
Nam doesn't speak English as fluent as his sister.Nam doesn't speak English as fluently as his sister.
تصف فعلًا → ظرف.
Your bag is the same like mine.Your bag is the same as mine.
the same تأتي مع as.
أمثلة
- My brother is as tall as my father now.
- Your English is as good as mine.
- Is Long Thanh Airport as busy as Tan Son Nhat yet?
- This old sofa is as comfortable as a new one.
