Pratique du Shadowing: How to debate a stupid person | Jonny Thomson - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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So there's a great quotation which has been floating around the internet for a very long time now, from the earlier days of the internet, and it says that debating an idiot is like playing chess with a pigeon.
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You can play as well as you want, but the pigeon will jump on the board, it'll crap on the pieces, and it'll go back to its flock declaring victory.
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When you're debating somebody who is stupid in the sense of Bonhoeffer, they don't question their own beliefs, and they are unwilling to accept any contrary position to what they actually believe.
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they're playing by different rules you might approach them with facts
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and the most logical arguments you can possibly devise
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but they will see you as an enemy they will see
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you as an other they will see you as a kind
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of temptation in aristotle's rhetoric he actually makes a distinction between three different types of persuading somebody
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or three different ways that people often come to believe something he talks about logos
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which is rationality it's reason and it's using good debate and facts and evidence.
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He talks about ethos which is somebody's character, their reputation, their status and ability to persuade you.
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And he talks about pathos which is emotions, he talks about feelings.
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And Aristotle even in the ancient Greek world, this is you know the epitome of the rational philosopher,
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he is well aware that logos plays second place to your ethos and your pathos as well.
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So if we pull it up to the modern time the same thing is at play here, that when you are debating somebody, you may think that you are both playing by logos.
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That if I lay out my argument in premises to a conclusion, if I lay out all of the evidence, this person is going to bow to me and say, well done, you are so brilliant,
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your position is better, and I will believe what you are saying.
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And what Bonhoeffer is saying about the stupid person, the pigeon on the chessboard, is that they don't even care about the logos.
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They care about the ethos, they care about the pathos.
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And so you need to play it according to their game
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if you're going to have any kind of proper debate and discussion.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette vidéo contient 21 phrases et 390 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 1:45. Le locuteur parle vite, environ 223 mots par minute : attendez-vous à des liaisons et à des sons réduits. 85 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| logo nom | /ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/ | logo, logotype |
| pigeon nom | /ˈpɪ.dʒɪn/ | pigeon |
| persuade verbe | /pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/ | persuader, convaincre |
| reputation nom | /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ | réputation, renommée |
| belief nom | /bɪˈliːf/ | croyance |
| conclusion nom | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | conclusion, fin |
| emotion nom | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | émotion |
| contrary adjectif | /ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/ | contraire |
| logical adjectif | /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ | logique |
| distinction nom | /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/ | distinction, différence |
| rational adjectif | /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ | rationnel, rationnelle |
| declare verbe | /dɪˈklɛɚ/ | déclarer |
| chess nom | /t͡ʃɛs/ | échecs |
| float verbe | /fləʊt/ | flotter |
| premise nom | /ˈpɹɛm.ɪs/ | prémisse |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 7 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, it'll, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: ethos /ˈiθɑs/, pathos /ˈpeɪˌθɑs/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, epitome /əˈpɪt.ə.mi/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme logo, pigeon, persuade.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.