跟讀練習: How to debate a stupid person | Jonny Thomson - 通過影片學習英語口語

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21 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
So there's a great quotation which has been floating around the internet for a very long time now, from the earlier days of the internet, and it says that debating an idiot is like playing chess with a pigeon.
網際網路上流傳著一句非常經典的話，從網際網路早期就一直流傳至今，它說和傻瓜辯論就像和鴿子下國際象棋。
2
You can play as well as you want, but the pigeon will jump on the board, it'll crap on the pieces, and it'll go back to its flock declaring victory.
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When you're debating somebody who is stupid in the sense of Bonhoeffer, they don't question their own beliefs, and they are unwilling to accept any contrary position to what they actually believe.
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they're playing by different rules you might approach them with facts
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and the most logical arguments you can possibly devise
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but they will see you as an enemy they will see
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you as an other they will see you as a kind
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of temptation in aristotle's rhetoric he actually makes a distinction between three different types of persuading somebody
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or three different ways that people often come to believe something he talks about logos
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which is rationality it's reason and it's using good debate and facts and evidence.
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He talks about ethos which is somebody's character, their reputation, their status and ability to persuade you.
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And he talks about pathos which is emotions, he talks about feelings.
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And Aristotle even in the ancient Greek world, this is you know the epitome of the rational philosopher,
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he is well aware that logos plays second place to your ethos and your pathos as well.
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So if we pull it up to the modern time the same thing is at play here, that when you are debating somebody, you may think that you are both playing by logos.
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That if I lay out my argument in premises to a conclusion, if I lay out all of the evidence, this person is going to bow to me and say, well done, you are so brilliant,
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your position is better, and I will believe what you are saying.
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And what Bonhoeffer is saying about the stupid person, the pigeon on the chessboard, is that they don't even care about the logos.
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They care about the ethos, they care about the pathos.
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And so you need to play it according to their game
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if you're going to have any kind of proper debate and discussion.

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本課的詞彙與口語要點

這段影片共有 21 個句子、390 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 1:45。 說話人語速較快，每分鐘約 223 個詞，會出現較多連讀和弱讀。 85% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。

影片中的重點詞彙

影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：

單詞發音釋義
logo 名詞/ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/標誌 /標誌, 商標 /商標
pigeon 名詞/ˈpɪ.dʒɪn/鴿子 /鴿子
persuade 動詞/pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/說服 /說服, 勸說 /勸說
reputation 名詞/ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/名譽 /名譽, 聲譽 /聲譽
belief 名詞/bɪˈliːf/相信, 信心
conclusion 名詞/kənˈkluːʒən/結束 /結束
emotion 名詞/ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/感情, 情感
contrary 形容詞/ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/相反
distinction 名詞/dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/分別 /分別
rational 形容詞/ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/合理的, 理性的
declare 動詞/dɪˈklɛɚ/宣佈
chess 名詞/t͡ʃɛs/象棋, 國際象棋 /國際象棋
float 動詞/fləʊt/浮, 漂浮
premise 名詞/ˈpɹɛm.ɪs/前提
philosopher 名詞/fəˈlɑsəfɚ/哲學家 /哲學家

需要注意的發音

說話人用了 7 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 don't, it'll, you're。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。

  • “th” 音: ethos /ˈiθɑs/, pathos /ˈpeɪˌθɑs/
  • “sh” 和 “zh” 音: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/
  • 長單詞——注意重音位置: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, epitome /əˈpɪt.ə.mi/

如何用這段影片練習

  1. 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
  2. 先用 0.75 倍速逐句跟讀，熟練之後再回到正常速度。
  3. 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 logo, pigeon, persuade 這類單詞。

什麼是跟讀法？

跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。

影子跟讀法: 閱讀完整分步指南 →