Pratica di Shadowing: How to debate a stupid person | Jonny Thomson - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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So there's a great quotation which has been floating around the internet for a very long time now, from the earlier days of the internet, and it says that debating an idiot is like playing chess with a pigeon.
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You can play as well as you want, but the pigeon will jump on the board, it'll crap on the pieces, and it'll go back to its flock declaring victory.
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When you're debating somebody who is stupid in the sense of Bonhoeffer, they don't question their own beliefs, and they are unwilling to accept any contrary position to what they actually believe.
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they're playing by different rules you might approach them with facts
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and the most logical arguments you can possibly devise
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but they will see you as an enemy they will see
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you as an other they will see you as a kind
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of temptation in aristotle's rhetoric he actually makes a distinction between three different types of persuading somebody
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or three different ways that people often come to believe something he talks about logos
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which is rationality it's reason and it's using good debate and facts and evidence.
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He talks about ethos which is somebody's character, their reputation, their status and ability to persuade you.
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And he talks about pathos which is emotions, he talks about feelings.
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And Aristotle even in the ancient Greek world, this is you know the epitome of the rational philosopher,
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he is well aware that logos plays second place to your ethos and your pathos as well.
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So if we pull it up to the modern time the same thing is at play here, that when you are debating somebody, you may think that you are both playing by logos.
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That if I lay out my argument in premises to a conclusion, if I lay out all of the evidence, this person is going to bow to me and say, well done, you are so brilliant,
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your position is better, and I will believe what you are saying.
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And what Bonhoeffer is saying about the stupid person, the pigeon on the chessboard, is that they don't even care about the logos.
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They care about the ethos, they care about the pathos.
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And so you need to play it according to their game
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if you're going to have any kind of proper debate and discussion.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questo video contiene 21 frasi e 390 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 1:45. Chi parla va veloce, circa 223 parole al minuto: aspettati suoni legati e ridotti. Il 85% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| logo sostantivo | /ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/ | logotipo, logo |
| pigeon sostantivo | /ˈpɪ.dʒɪn/ | piccione, picciona |
| persuade verbo | /pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/ | persuadere, convincere |
| reputation sostantivo | /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ | reputazione, rumore |
| belief sostantivo | /bɪˈliːf/ | credito, credenza |
| conclusion sostantivo | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | conclusione |
| emotion sostantivo | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | emozione |
| contrary aggettivo | /ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/ | contrario, opposto |
| logical aggettivo | /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ | logico |
| rational aggettivo | /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ | razionale, lucido |
| declare verbo | /dɪˈklɛɚ/ | dichiarare |
| chess sostantivo | /t͡ʃɛs/ | scacchi |
| float verbo | /fləʊt/ | galleggiare |
| premise sostantivo | /ˈpɹɛm.ɪs/ | premessa |
| philosopher sostantivo | /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/ | filosofo, filosofa |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 7 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, it'll, you're. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “th”: ethos /ˈiθɑs/, pathos /ˈpeɪˌθɑs/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, distinction /dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/, rational /ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: reputation /ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/, philosopher /fəˈlɑsəfɚ/, epitome /əˈpɪt.ə.mi/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come logo, pigeon, persuade.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.