Pratica di Shadowing: Everything is better than it used to be — or is it? | Agustín Fuentes - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
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26 frasi
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- Traditionally, when you measure success, evolutionarily speaking, it's about a species or a population's ability to sort of continue through time, to successfully adapt, and to grow.
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So under that definition, there are 8 billion humans living everywhere on the planet.
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We are super successful in the traditional sense.
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At the same time, there's 8 billion humans living on the planet, many of them suffering horribly.
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The planet is suffering horribly.
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The climate crisis; a variety of other really horrible things are going on.
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There's a massive extinction event where plants and animals are disappearing at an unbelievable rate because of human action.
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So one might ask, "Is this evolutionary success?" "Just based on sheer number of humans, is that the way to measure it?" In the recent past, and today, there are many people who argue that like, "Wait a minute! Wait a minute! Don't complain so much, humans are doing better than they ever have done.
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There's air conditioners, there's warm showers, there's restaurants, and food, and yeah, so there's some inequality- some people don't have as much as others, but overall, we are living longer and doing better than we ever have done." So I have three responses to that: Number one, who is "we"?
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Are we talking about the entire human species?
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Well, it turns out that different humans are living very, very different lives.
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So we need to clarify that.
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Before one says, "We are doing better," let us define who that we is.
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The second problem I have with that is that these arguments are coming from one broad culture- this sort of Euro-American cultures, these intellectual traditions of a particular way of being in the world, of a particular political and economic process saying, "Well, this is the way it should be, things are better." Well, there are other ways of being in the world.
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There's lots of societies, lots of languages, lots of cultures, lots of people; many of whom have suffered enormously from this particular way of being.
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So again, how do we rectify that?
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How do we understand that?
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And the third thing, my third response to people saying, "Hey, stop complaining, things are better, we're living longer," is "Look, what is the measure of success for humans?" It has to do with how are we doing the human thing?
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How are we being human?
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And how can we minimize, not get rid of, but minimize suffering and injustice?
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Humans are always gonna have inequity and injustice: there's a lot of us, and human history always have hierarchies, and some have more and some have less, there's these incredible dynamics.
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But when it comes down to it right now, we can see that the inequity, the discrepancy in political, economic, technological, health, and many other outcomes for humans is bigger than it ever has been in the entirety of human history.
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If that's the case, something is wrong, 'cause that direction is not good for humans; we already have data that suggests and shows that it's not good for the planet.
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So, to those who say, "Calm down, everything is better than it used to be." I say, "No, it's not." It's not just surviving longer, it's not just having more, it's not just having access to technology- to really understand success, evolutionarily speaking in humans, we need to also talk about the capacity for flourishing.
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Are human bodies and societies reaching at least these minimal levels of flourishing, of health, of security, of interaction, and of well-being.
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So, I would argue, in the modern context, to understand evolutionary success for humans, we need to understand the capacity for human flourishing, and how that is distributed across our species.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “Everything is better than it used to be — or is it?”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: success, planet, flourishing, suffering, measure. Questo video contiene 26 frasi e 619 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 3:56. Chi parla ha un ritmo naturale di circa 157 parole al minuto, vicino a una conversazione quotidiana. Il 89% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è facile da seguire. 7 delle sue 26 frasi sono domande: un buon esercizio per l’intonazione interrogativa e le risposte brevi.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| suffer verbo | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | soffrire, penare |
| flourish verbo | /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/ | fiorire, crescere |
| argue verbo | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | discutere, dibattere |
| complain verbo | /kəmˈpleɪn/ | lamentarsi, lagnarsi |
| evolutionary aggettivo | /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/ | evoluzionario, evolutivo |
| injustice sostantivo | /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/ | ingiustizia |
| minimize verbo | /ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/ | minimizzare |
| successfully avverbio | /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/ | con successo |
| horrible aggettivo | /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ | orribile, terribile |
| outcome sostantivo | /ˈaʊtkʌm/ | risultato |
| define verbo | /dɪˈfaɪn/ | definire, determinare |
| intellectual aggettivo | /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/ | intellettuale |
| interaction sostantivo | /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/ | interazione |
| minimal aggettivo | /ˈmɪn.ə.məl/ | minimo, minimale |
| disappear verbo | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | sparire, scomparire |
I phrasal verb che sentirai
| Parola | Significato |
|---|---|
| calm down verbo | calmarsi, tranquillizzarsi |
| turn out verbo | risultare |
Frasi da ripetere
Frasi brevi e complete del video che puoi riutilizzare nella conversazione di tutti i giorni:
- Are we talking about the entire human species?
- How do we understand that?
- How are we being human?
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | have done · have suffered · has been |
| Frasi relative who / which + frase — un’informazione in più su una persona o una cosa | people who argue · those who say |
| Comparativi -er than / more … than — confrontare due cose | better than · bigger than |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — qualcosa che succede adesso o in questo periodo | is suffering · are going · are disappearing |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 4 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, gonna, we're. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, sheer /ʃɪɚ/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: horrible /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/, hierarchy /ˈhaɪ.ə.ɹɑː(ɹ).ki/, horribly /ˈhɔɹəbli/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, injustice /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/, minimize /ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/, dynamics /dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/, adapt /əˈdæpt/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, dynamics /dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/, adapt /əˈdæpt/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Inizia a velocità 0,75×, fai shadowing frase per frase e torna alla velocità normale quando diventa facile.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come suffer, flourish, argue.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.