シャドーイング練習: Everything is better than it used to be — or is it? | Agustín Fuentes - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
練習モードを選ぶ
各モードは全画面の練習ルームで開きます。
26 文
文が短すぎたり長すぎる場合は、Editをタップして調整してください。
1
- Traditionally, when you measure success, evolutionarily speaking, it's about a species or a population's ability to sort of continue through time, to successfully adapt, and to grow.
2
So under that definition, there are 8 billion humans living everywhere on the planet.
3
We are super successful in the traditional sense.
4
At the same time, there's 8 billion humans living on the planet, many of them suffering horribly.
5
The planet is suffering horribly.
6
The climate crisis; a variety of other really horrible things are going on.
7
There's a massive extinction event where plants and animals are disappearing at an unbelievable rate because of human action.
8
So one might ask, "Is this evolutionary success?" "Just based on sheer number of humans, is that the way to measure it?" In the recent past, and today, there are many people who argue that like, "Wait a minute! Wait a minute! Don't complain so much, humans are doing better than they ever have done.
9
There's air conditioners, there's warm showers, there's restaurants, and food, and yeah, so there's some inequality- some people don't have as much as others, but overall, we are living longer and doing better than we ever have done." So I have three responses to that: Number one, who is "we"?
10
Are we talking about the entire human species?
11
Well, it turns out that different humans are living very, very different lives.
12
So we need to clarify that.
13
Before one says, "We are doing better," let us define who that we is.
14
The second problem I have with that is that these arguments are coming from one broad culture- this sort of Euro-American cultures, these intellectual traditions of a particular way of being in the world, of a particular political and economic process saying, "Well, this is the way it should be, things are better." Well, there are other ways of being in the world.
15
There's lots of societies, lots of languages, lots of cultures, lots of people; many of whom have suffered enormously from this particular way of being.
16
So again, how do we rectify that?
17
How do we understand that?
18
And the third thing, my third response to people saying, "Hey, stop complaining, things are better, we're living longer," is "Look, what is the measure of success for humans?" It has to do with how are we doing the human thing?
19
How are we being human?
20
And how can we minimize, not get rid of, but minimize suffering and injustice?
21
Humans are always gonna have inequity and injustice: there's a lot of us, and human history always have hierarchies, and some have more and some have less, there's these incredible dynamics.
22
But when it comes down to it right now, we can see that the inequity, the discrepancy in political, economic, technological, health, and many other outcomes for humans is bigger than it ever has been in the entirety of human history.
23
If that's the case, something is wrong, 'cause that direction is not good for humans; we already have data that suggests and shows that it's not good for the planet.
24
So, to those who say, "Calm down, everything is better than it used to be." I say, "No, it's not." It's not just surviving longer, it's not just having more, it's not just having access to technology- to really understand success, evolutionarily speaking in humans, we need to also talk about the capacity for flourishing.
25
Are human bodies and societies reaching at least these minimal levels of flourishing, of health, of security, of interaction, and of well-being.
26
So, I would argue, in the modern context, to understand evolutionary success for humans, we need to understand the capacity for human flourishing, and how that is distributed across our species.
アプリをダウンロード
流暢に話すために必要なすべて
AI発音採点文ごとに採点
IPA練習すべての音をマスター
単語学習自分の単語帳を作る
単語ゲーム遊びながら覚える
同じチャンネル
C13
I study demonic possession dreams. Here’s what we’ve found. | Patrick McNamara
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C17
We could make every human on Earth rich and happy—if we decided to | Agustín Fuentes
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
Why do some artists become famous? | Albert-László Barabási
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
Master your anxiety. Unleash your genius | Jesse Eisenberg for Big Think+
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full Interview
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The psychology of persuasion, as told by an Ivy League professor | Jonah Berger for Big Think+
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Who you are fluctuates every single second | Lisa Feldman Barrett
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why ‘turning the other cheek’ is fundamentally misunderstood | Bishop Robert Barron
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
How many people are in hell? | Bishop Robert Barron
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
B23
How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Where is the evidence for God? | Bishop Robert Barron
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why I’m against empathy | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The famous tree-falling thought experiment has a new answer | Lisa Feldman Barrett
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C14
Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
We can cure almost all human diseases. Here’s how. | Albert-László Barabási
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
The lost art of accomplishment without burnout | Cal Newport for Big Think +
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
How Einstein changed time forever | Jim Al-Khalili for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
A neuroscientist’s guide to reclaiming your brain | Nicole Vignola
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Who decides what is socially “normal”? | Christine Emba
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
このレッスンの語彙とスピーキングのポイント
このスピーキングレッスンは、動画「Everything is better than it used to be — or is it?」を教材にしています。 繰り返し出てくる語は次のとおりです：success, planet, flourishing, suffering, measure。 この動画には、シャドーイング用の文が26文、単語が619語あります。 音声の長さは3:56です。 話す速さは1分あたり約157語で、日常会話に近い自然なペースです。 単語の89%は英語の頻出3,000語に含まれるため、語彙は分かりやすいです。 全26文のうち7文が疑問文なので、疑問文のイントネーションや短い受け答えの練習に向いています。
この動画の重要語彙
動画に出てくる覚えておきたい単語15語を、発音と意味つきで紹介します。
| 単語 | 発音 | 意味 |
|---|---|---|
| suffer 動詞 | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | 被る |
| flourish 動詞 | /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/ | 繁茂する, 繁栄する |
| argue 動詞 | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | 議論する, 論ずる |
| complain 動詞 | /kəmˈpleɪn/ | ぼやく, ぶつぶつ言う |
| injustice 名詞 | /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/ | 不正, 不公平 |
| minimize 動詞 | /ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/ | 最小化する |
| horrible 形容詞 | /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ | 恐ろしい |
| intellectual 形容詞 | /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/ | 知的な |
| interaction 名詞 | /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/ | 相互作用 |
| minimal 形容詞 | /ˈmɪn.ə.məl/ | 最小, 最低 |
| disappear 動詞 | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | 消える |
| dynamics 名詞 | /dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/ | 動力学, ダイナミクス |
| unbelievable 形容詞 | /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/ | 信じられない |
| technological 形容詞 | /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/ | 技術の |
| sheer 形容詞 | /ʃɪɚ/ | 透明な |
動画に出てくる句動詞
| 単語 | 意味 |
|---|---|
| calm down 動詞 | 落ち着く |
繰り返し練習したい文
動画に出てくる短く完結した文です。日常会話でそのまま使えます。
- Are we talking about the entire human species?
- How do we understand that?
- How are we being human?
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have done · have suffered · has been |
| 関係詞節 who / which + 節 — 人や物について情報を加える | people who argue · those who say |
| 比較級 -er than / more … than — 二つのものを比べる | better than · bigger than |
| 現在進行形 am/is/are + -ing — 今まさに、または最近起きていること | is suffering · are going · are disappearing |
注意したい発音
話し手はdon't, gonna, we'reなど、短縮形や弱形を4回使っています。聞こえたとおりの短い形で発音しましょう。
- 「sh」と「zh」の音: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, sheer /ʃɪɚ/
- 長い単語（アクセントの位置に注意）: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
日本語話者が苦手な音：
- /r/ と /l/ の区別 — /l/ は舌先を歯茎につけ、/r/ はどこにもつけない: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, horrible /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
- /v/ — /b/ にならないように、上の歯を下唇に当てる: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
- /f/ — 「フ」ではなく、上の歯と下唇で出す: suffer /ˈsʌfɚ/, flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, define /dɪˈfaɪn/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
この動画での練習方法
- まず声を出さずに動画を最後まで聞き、知らない単語をメモします。
- まず0.75倍速で一文ずつシャドーイングし、慣れてきたら通常の速度に戻します。
- 自分の声を録音して元の音声と比べます。suffer, flourish, argueなどの単語に特に注意しましょう。
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。