Shadowing Practice: Everything is better than it used to be — or is it? | Agustín Fuentes - Learn English Speaking with Video
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26 cümleler
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1
- Traditionally, when you measure success, evolutionarily speaking, it's about a species or a population's ability to sort of continue through time, to successfully adapt, and to grow.
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So under that definition, there are 8 billion humans living everywhere on the planet.
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We are super successful in the traditional sense.
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At the same time, there's 8 billion humans living on the planet, many of them suffering horribly.
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The planet is suffering horribly.
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The climate crisis; a variety of other really horrible things are going on.
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There's a massive extinction event where plants and animals are disappearing at an unbelievable rate because of human action.
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So one might ask, "Is this evolutionary success?" "Just based on sheer number of humans, is that the way to measure it?" In the recent past, and today, there are many people who argue that like, "Wait a minute! Wait a minute! Don't complain so much, humans are doing better than they ever have done.
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There's air conditioners, there's warm showers, there's restaurants, and food, and yeah, so there's some inequality- some people don't have as much as others, but overall, we are living longer and doing better than we ever have done." So I have three responses to that: Number one, who is "we"?
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Are we talking about the entire human species?
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Well, it turns out that different humans are living very, very different lives.
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So we need to clarify that.
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Before one says, "We are doing better," let us define who that we is.
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The second problem I have with that is that these arguments are coming from one broad culture- this sort of Euro-American cultures, these intellectual traditions of a particular way of being in the world, of a particular political and economic process saying, "Well, this is the way it should be, things are better." Well, there are other ways of being in the world.
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There's lots of societies, lots of languages, lots of cultures, lots of people; many of whom have suffered enormously from this particular way of being.
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So again, how do we rectify that?
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How do we understand that?
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And the third thing, my third response to people saying, "Hey, stop complaining, things are better, we're living longer," is "Look, what is the measure of success for humans?" It has to do with how are we doing the human thing?
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How are we being human?
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And how can we minimize, not get rid of, but minimize suffering and injustice?
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Humans are always gonna have inequity and injustice: there's a lot of us, and human history always have hierarchies, and some have more and some have less, there's these incredible dynamics.
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But when it comes down to it right now, we can see that the inequity, the discrepancy in political, economic, technological, health, and many other outcomes for humans is bigger than it ever has been in the entirety of human history.
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If that's the case, something is wrong, 'cause that direction is not good for humans; we already have data that suggests and shows that it's not good for the planet.
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So, to those who say, "Calm down, everything is better than it used to be." I say, "No, it's not." It's not just surviving longer, it's not just having more, it's not just having access to technology- to really understand success, evolutionarily speaking in humans, we need to also talk about the capacity for flourishing.
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Are human bodies and societies reaching at least these minimal levels of flourishing, of health, of security, of interaction, and of well-being.
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So, I would argue, in the modern context, to understand evolutionary success for humans, we need to understand the capacity for human flourishing, and how that is distributed across our species.
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Bu dersin kelimeleri ve konuşma notları
Bu konuşma dersi “Everything is better than it used to be — or is it?” videosuna dayanıyor. En çok tekrarlanan kelimeler: success, planet, flourishing, suffering, measure. Bu videoda gölgeleme çalışması için 26 cümle ve 619 kelime var. Konuşma bölümü 3:56 sürüyor. Konuşmacı dakikada yaklaşık 157 kelimeyle, günlük konuşmaya yakın doğal bir hızda konuşuyor. Kelimelerin %89’i İngilizcede en sık kullanılan 3.000 kelime arasında, bu yüzden kelime dağarcığını takip etmek kolay. 26 cümlenin 7 tanesi soru; soru tonlaması ve kısa cevaplar için iyi bir alıştırma.
Bu videodaki önemli kelimeler
Videodan öğrenmeye değer 15 kelime, telaffuzu ve anlamıyla:
| Kelime | Telaffuz | Anlam |
|---|---|---|
| suffer fiil | /ˈsʌfɚ/ | çekmek, acı çekmek |
| argue fiil | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | münakaşa etmek, tartışmak |
| injustice isim | /ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/ | adaletsizlik |
| minimize fiil | /ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/ | azaltmak, cüceleştirmek |
| horrible sıfat | /ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ | korkunç |
| intellectual sıfat | /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/ | entellektüel, aklî |
| minimal sıfat | /ˈmɪn.ə.məl/ | asgari, en az |
| disappear fiil | /dɪsəˈpɪɹ/ | gözden kaybolmak, yok olmak |
| dynamics isim | /dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/ | dinamik |
| unbelievable sıfat | /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/ | inanılmaz |
| technological sıfat | /ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/ | teknolojik |
| sheer sıfat | /ʃɪɚ/ | ince |
| adapt fiil | /əˈdæpt/ | uydurmak, adapte etmek |
| inequality isim | /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/ | eşitsizlik |
| clarify fiil | /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/ | temizlemek |
Duyacağınız deyimsel fiiller
| Kelime | Anlam |
|---|---|
| calm down fiil | sakinleşmek |
Tekrar etmeye değer cümleler
Videodan, günlük konuşmada yeniden kullanabileceğiniz kısa ve tam cümleler:
- Are we talking about the entire human species?
- How do we understand that?
- How are we being human?
Bu videodaki dil bilgisi
Konuşmacının en çok kullandığı yapılar, videodaki sözcüklerin aynısıyla:
| Yapı | Videoda |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + fiilin üçüncü hâli — geçmişte olan ama şimdi de önemli olan bir eylem | have done · have suffered · has been |
| İlgi cümlecikleri who / which + cümle — bir kişi ya da şey hakkında ek bilgi | people who argue · those who say |
| Karşılaştırma -er than / more … than — iki şeyi karşılaştırmak | better than · bigger than |
| Present continuous am/is/are + -ing — şu anda ya da bu sıralar olan bir şey | is suffering · are going · are disappearing |
Dikkat edilecek telaffuzlar
Konuşmacı don't, gonna, we're gibi kısaltılmış biçimleri 4 kez kullanıyor. Bunları duyduğunuz gibi kısa söyleyin.
- “sh” ve “zh” sesleri: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, sheer /ʃɪɚ/
- Uzun kelimeler — vurguyu doğru yere koyun: evolutionary /ˌiː.vəˈluː.ʃən.ɛɹ.i/, successfully /səkˈsɛs.fə.li/, intellectual /ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/, interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, unbelievable /ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
Türkçe konuşanların zorlandığı sesler:
- /w/ — dudaklar yuvarlak, /v/ değil: inequality /ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/, inequity /ɪnˈɛkwɪti/
- Kelime başındaki ünsüz kümesi — araya ünlü eklemeyin: flourish /ˈflʊ̈ɹ.ɪʃ/, traditionally /tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
- /æ/ — “e”den daha açık: interaction /ˌɪn.təˈɹæk.ʃən/, dynamics /dɑɪˈnæm.ɪks/, adapt /əˈdæpt/, clarify /ˈklæɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
Bu videoyla nasıl çalışılır
- Videonun tamamını konuşmadan bir kez dinleyin ve bilmediğiniz kelimeleri not edin.
- 0,75× hızla başlayın, cümle cümle tekrar edin ve kolaylaşınca normal hıza dönün.
- Kendinizi kaydedin ve orijinaliyle karşılaştırın; suffer, argue, injustice gibi kelimelere özellikle dikkat edin.
Gölgeleme Tekniği Nedir?
Gölgeleme, başlangıçta profesyonel tercüman eğitimi için geliştirilen ve çok dilli Dr. Alexander Arguelles tarafından popüler hale getirilen, bilim destekli bir dil öğrenme tekniğidir. Yöntem basit ama güçlüdür: ana dili İngilizce olan bir sesi dinler ve hemen yüksek sesle tekrar edersiniz — konuşmacıyı 1-2 saniye gecikmeyle takip eden bir gölge gibi. Pasif dinleme veya dilbilgisi alıştırmalarının aksine, gölgeleme beyninizi ve ağız kaslarınızı gerçek konuşma kalıplarını eşzamanlı olarak işlemeye ve yeniden üretmeye zorlar. Araştırmalar, telaffuz doğruluğu, tonlama, ritim, bağlı konuşma, dinleme anlama ve konuşma akıcılığını önemli ölçüde geliştirdiğini göstermektedir — bu da onu IELTS Konuşma hazırlığı ve gerçek dünya İngilizce iletişimi için en etkili yöntemlerden biri yapar.