Pratique du Shadowing: Third Speaker - Debating Role - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
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Hello and welcome to Deliberate Debating.
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Today we're going to be having a look at the third speaker for both the affirmative and the negative team.
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We're going to be having a look at the order in
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which they say things and some examples of what to say if you are the third speaker.
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General information.
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You're going to be the last speaker for your team.
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Your aim is really to overview the main themes and ideas of the debate so far, really focusing in on your team,
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how your team's arguments and debate have been superior.
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You will be using the team split to summarise what's been said thus far.
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That will take up about one to two minutes of your speech.
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Know the team line.
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Use the team line as often as you can in your speech by rephrasing it
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and slipping it in either as linking sentences or sometimes even as topic sentences.
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As the third speaker you will be thinking on your toes a lot.
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Most of your speech you will not know until the night.
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This means that you need to come prepared with lots of blank cue cards,
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fill them in on the night and really be confident in how you speak and what you say.
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Outline of the speech.
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So as the third speaker there are three things that you will be doing.
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The first thing is doing a rebuttal.
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Now this rebuttal includes the outline of the key issues during the whole debate
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and it also means a general rebuttal and rebutting the rebuttals if it's required.
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We'll get into that in a moment.
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The second thing you will do is summarize the key arguments.
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This should be 20 % or one to two minutes of your speech.
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It's really important in your speech that you end on a strong statement,
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something powerful that will leave the audience thinking that there is no way the other team are correct.
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Okay, step one is a rebuttal.
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The first thing that you will be doing is to outline the key points, arguments and issues within the debate.
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This means going over what the opposition team have said and rebutting what it is that they've argued.
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This does include the opposing teams rebutting something that your team has said.
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So the rebuttals can go back and forth between the teams
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and this is your last chance to prove why your team is correct in that particular issue.
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Attack the arguments made by the opposition.
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Use evidence, logic and reason to prove the opposition that they are wrong.
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Remain professional in your rebuttals.
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Remember that this isn't personal, it is a debate.
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Where possible, plan for the rebuttals.
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Put yourself in the opposition's shoes and really stop and think about what they might be arguing, what evidence they might find,
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and find some counter -arguments and counter -evidence to help you before the debate.
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Go to the debate with lots of blank cue cards
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because you do have the opportunity while speakers are talking to write out the rebuttals that you will say.
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So here's an example of a rebuttal.
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It's by no means complete, but it's a nice start.
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The affirmative team have continuously and erroneously stated that screen time is harmful to children.
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As we have substantiated repeatedly, screen time is a powerful tool which can be harnessed to improve child development,
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as seen through the use of learning apps, and it can be used to teach communication amongst other vital life skills.
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We cannot remove these modern and significant devices from children's hands due to a few neglectful parents.
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Society has embraced technology and so should children.
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The advantages that our children can gain from technology can benefit the child,
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the parents, and in the long run, society and our world.
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Step number two, summarise the key arguments.
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Here, your task is to summarise and emphasise the team split and line.
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These have already been stated by the first and second speaker,
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and what you're really doing is giving a nice overview and summary of what they've said.
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You should outline your team's case and spend around two to three minutes summarising what they've said.
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So, here's an example.
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You can have no doubt left that technology is helpful and has added to the development of our relationships, our culture and our society.
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As the first speaker stated, social media has assisted in enhancing and improving relationships.
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Research and data is supporting this argument, finding that social media users place more trust in their friends.
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Who can distrust technology for encouraging more love and more care in our world?
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Technology assists in creating friends, making friends, providing opportunities for those who are disabled,
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or even those who suffer from anxiety to reach out and communicate.
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Our first speaker also presented the argument that
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The third and final thing that you will do as the third speaker is to end on a strong statement.
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This is going to be the final comment for your team
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so we want it to really hit the audience in the adjudicator hard.
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Begin with the team line.
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and then move to a logical and emotive statement to really resonate with the audience and adjudicator.
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Let's have a look at an example.
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Technology has helped our society and should not be accused of hurting our lives and our relationships.
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In fact, technology has added to our understanding of the world, each other, and enhanced our relationships with beloved friends and family.
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I ask you, where would we be today without technology?
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Why would we move backwards in development, knowledge and social life?
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Technology is the single most greatest development that the world has ever seen.
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And it can only get better from here.
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Better for you, better for your family, better for your friends and everyone else that you hold dear.
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Thank you for listening.
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The third and final thing that you will do as the third speaker is to end on a strong statement.
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This is going to be the final comment for your team, so we want it to really hit the audience and the adjudicator hard.
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Begin with the team line and then move to a logical and emotive statement to really resonate with the audience and adjudicator.
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Let's have a look at an example.
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Technology has helped our society and should not be accused of hurting our lives and our relationships.
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In fact, technology has added to our understanding of the world, each other, and enhanced our relationships with beloved friends and family.
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I ask you, where would we be today without technology?
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Why would we move backwards in development, knowledge, and social life?
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Technology is the single most greatest development that the world has ever seen.
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And it can only get better from here better for you, better for your family, better for your friends and everyone else that you hold dear.
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Thank you for listening.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale s’appuie sur la vidéo « Third Speaker - Debating Role ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : technology, speaker, rebuttal, argument, debate. Cette vidéo contient 89 phrases et 1160 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 6:53. Le locuteur parle à un rythme naturel d’environ 168 mots par minute, proche d’une conversation courante. 89 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais, le vocabulaire est donc facile à suivre.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
15 mots de la vidéo à retenir, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| outline nom | /ˈaʊtlaɪn/ | contour |
| enhance verbe | /ɪnˈhæns/ | augmenter, accroître |
| argue verbe | /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/ | affirmer, débattre |
| assist verbe | /əˈsɪst/ | assister, aider |
| beloved adjectif | /bɪˈlʌvd/ | bien-aimé, chéri |
| blank nom | /ˈblæŋk/ | préforme |
| logical adjectif | /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ | logique |
| overview nom | /ˈoʊ.vɚˌvjuː/ | vue d'ensemble, résumé |
| accuse verbe | /əˈkjuz/ | accuser |
| backward adjectif | /ˈbækwɚd/ | en arrière |
| affirmative adjectif | /əˈfɝməɾɪv/ | affirmatif |
| topic nom | /ˈtɑpɪk/ | sujet, thème |
| superior adjectif | /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ | supérieur |
| anxiety nom | /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/ | anxiété, inquiétude |
| encourage verbe | /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ | encourager |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| go back verbe | rentrer, retourner |
| reach out verbe | tendre la main |
| see through verbe | voir à travers |
Des phrases à répéter
Des phrases courtes et complètes de la vidéo, à réutiliser dans la conversation de tous les jours :
- We'll get into that in a moment.
- Let's have a look at an example.
- I ask you, where would we be today without technology?
- Why would we move backwards in development, knowledge and social life?
- Why would we move backwards in development, knowledge, and social life?
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have been · what's been said · have said |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | been said · can be harnessed · been stated |
| Propositions relatives who / which + proposition — une précision sur une personne ou une chose | tool which can · those who are · those who suffer |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 9 contractions et formes réduites, comme they've, we're, you're. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: shoe /ˈʃu/, substantiate /səbˈstænʃieɪt/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: affirmative /əˈfɝməɾɪv/, superior /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/, anxiety /æŋˈzaɪ.əti/, repeatedly /ɹɪˈpiːtɪdli/, communicate /kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: enhance /ɪnˈhæns/, helpful /ˈhɛlp.fl̩/, harmful /ˈhɑɹmfl̩/, harness /ˈhɑɹ.nəs/
- /tʃ/ et /dʒ/ — à ne pas adoucir en « ch » et « j »: logical /ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/, encourage /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/, adjudicator /əˈd͡ʒuː.dɪ.keɪ.tə/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: argue /ˈɑɹ.ɡju/, superior /sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/, encourage /ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/, summary /ˈsʌm.ə.ɹi/, repeatedly /ɹɪˈpiːtɪdli/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Commencez à la vitesse 0,75×, répétez phrase par phrase, puis revenez à la vitesse normale quand cela devient facile.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme outline, enhance, argue.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.