Pratica di Shadowing: TOEFL Listening Practice | Lecture | Diabetes - Impara a parlare inglese con i video

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Many individuals suffering from the medical condition known as diabetes rely on artificial insulin to maintain good health.
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The principal means of delivering insulin to the body is via injection,
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but work is being done to develop other reliable means of administering it without having to use a syringe.
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Charlotte Newman reports.
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Diabetes is a condition in which the body does not release or properly respond to insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas.
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Many diabetics require regular insulin injections to regulate their blood glucose levels, in some cases, as many as 10 or more shots a day.
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Although insulin injections allow diabetics to live full and active lives, the treatment does have inherent disadvantages.
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But at Syracuse University in New York, a new delivery method is currently under development.
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Insulin chewing gum.
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Chemist Max Garcia is here to tell us more.
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Well, while many diabetics inject themselves regularly without any real discomfort, some do experience pain and itching where the needle breaks the skin.
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A condition known as lipodystrophy in which the skin puckers can even develop at the site of multiple injections.
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At affected areas, the absorption of insulin may be impaired, making it difficult to calculate the correct dosage.
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Oral delivery of insulin would, therefore, be a preferable treatment.
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But the development of pills
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and capsules has been hampered by various problems relating to the physical and chemical stability of the hormone.
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One major challenge has been to find a way to protect insulin from the hostile conditions in the digestive system.
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Apparently, insulin molecules delivered by mouth will be broken down by the high acidity they encounter in the digestive tract.
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Scientists have tried various strategies to overcome this obstacle.
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And now the team at Syracuse has come up with a potential solution.
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That's right.
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Using their knowledge of the digestive system,
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our scientists realized that the body has a mechanism to protect valuable molecules as they pass through the digestive system.
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So the team decided to chemically bind insulin molecules to vitamin B12,
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A protein called haptocorin, present in the saliva in the mouth,
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joins with this particular vitamin to ensure its safe passage through the stomach to the intestine.
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The research team's idea was simply for the insulin to hitch a ride, as it were, along with a protected vitamin.
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This particular vitamin seems to be a very good choice once
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the b12 reaches the intestine intact another chemical takes over from the haptocorin to help it enter the bloodstream
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so by binding insulin to vitamin b12 the chances of it
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being absorbed into the bloodstream are optimized early tests with rats indicate
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that the researchers are on the right track in these tests the new treatment was administered in liquid form
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but chewing gum would probably be a more efficient medium for human beings.
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Through the chewing action, we could ensure sufficient haptocorin is produced.
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If this solution proves feasible and viable,
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diabetics might one day be able to throw away their syringes and reach for a pack of 1.
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What is one reason why researchers want to find an alternative delivery system for insulin?
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Number 2.
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What difficulty has impeded attempts to develop an oral insulin treatment?
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Number 3.
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What breakthrough did the chemists at Syracuse University make?
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Number 4.
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In which part of the body does haptocorin's protective function end?
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5. What is the current status of the research into chewing gum as a medium for insolent?
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Number 1.
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What is one reason why researchers want to find an alternative delivery system for insulin?
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Well, while many diabetics inject themselves regularly without any real discomfort, some do experience pain and itching where the needle breaks the skin.
48
A condition known as lipodystrophy, in which the skin puckers can even develop at the site of multiple injections.
49
Number 2.
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What difficulty has impeded attempts to develop an oral insulin treatment?
51
Apparently, insulin molecules delivered by mouth will be broken down by the high acidity they encounter in the digestive tract.
52
Scientists have tried various strategies to overcome this obstacle, and now the team at Syracuse has come up with a potential solution.
53
Number three.
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What breakthrough did the chemists at Syracuse University make?
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that's right using their knowledge of the digestive system our scientists realized
56
that the body has a mechanism to protect valuable molecules as they pass through the digestive system
57
so the team decided to chemically bind insulin molecules to vitamin b12 a protein called haptocorin,
58
present in the saliva in the mouth, joins with this particular vitamin to ensure its safe passage through the stomach to the intestine.
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Number 4.
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In which part of the body does haptocorin's protective function end?
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Once the B12 reaches the intestine intact, another chemical takes over from the haptocorin to help it enter the bloodstream.
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So by binding insulin to vitamin B12, the chances of it being absorbed into the bloodstream are optimized.
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Number 5.
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What is the current status of the research into chewing gum as a medium for insulin?
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Early tests with rats indicate that the researchers are on the right track.
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In these tests, the new treatment was administered in liquid form, but chewing gum would probably be a more efficient medium for human beings.
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Through the chewing action, we could ensure sufficient haptochorin is produced.

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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione

Questa lezione di conversazione si basa sul video “TOEFL Listening Practice”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: insulin, vitamin, digestive, chewing, molecules. Questo video contiene 67 frasi e 876 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 8:29. Chi parla lo fa lentamente, circa 103 parole al minuto, quindi c’è tempo per imitare ogni suono. Solo il 74% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese, quindi il lessico è impegnativo.

Vocaboli chiave di questo video

15 parole del video che vale la pena imparare, con pronuncia e significato:

ParolaPronunciaSignificato
insulin sostantivo/ˈɪnsəlɪn/insulina
vitamin sostantivo/ˈvɪt.ə.mɪn/vitamina
chew verbo/tʃuː/masticare
molecule sostantivo/ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/molecola
injection sostantivo/ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/iniezione
scientist sostantivo/ˈsaɪəntəst/scienziato, scienziata
researcher sostantivo/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ricercatore, ricercatrice
oral aggettivo/ˈɔː.ɹəl/orale
administer verbo/ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/amministrare
chemist sostantivo/ˈkɛmɪst/chimico, chimica
efficient aggettivo/ɪˈfɪʃənt/efficiente, performante
stomach sostantivo/ˈstʌmək/stomaco
liquid sostantivo/ˈlɪk.wɪd/liquido
indicate verbo/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/indicare
difficulty sostantivo/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/difficoltà

I phrasal verb che sentirai

ParolaSignificato
come up with verboideare, escogitare
pass through verbotrapassare
throw away verbobuttare via

La grammatica di questo video

Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:

StrutturaNel video
Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fabeing done · may be impaired · has been hampered
Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adessohas been hampered · has been · have tried

Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione

  • I suoni “sh” e “zh”: injection /ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, sufficient /səˈfɪʃənt/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/, absorption /æbˈsɔɹp.ʃn̩/
  • Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: administer /ədˈmɪn.ɪ.stə/, difficulty /ˈdɪfɪkəlti/, mechanism /ˈmɛk.ə.nɪ.zəm/, stability /stəˈbɪlɪti/, artificial /ˌɑː.tɪˈfɪʃ.əl/

I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:

  • /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: hormone /ˈhoɹmoʊn/, hostile /ˈhɑstəl/, inherent /ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/, hamper /ˈhæm.pɚ/, hitch /hɪt͡ʃ/
  • Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: scientist /ˈsaɪəntəst/, bind /ˈbaɪ̯nd/, chemist /ˈkɛmɪst/, efficient /ɪˈfɪʃənt/, stomach /ˈstʌmək/
  • /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: passage /ˈpæsɪd͡ʒ/, rat /ɹæt/, intact /ɪnˈtækt/, absorb /æbˈsɔɹb/, tract /tɹækt/

Come esercitarsi con questo video

  1. Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
  2. Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
  3. Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come insulin, vitamin, chew.

Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?

Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.

Tecnica dello shadowing: leggi la guida completa passo dopo passo →