シャドーイング練習: How To Make A Debate Speech (Ep 03) - 動画で英語スピーキングを学ぶ
レッスンを作成中...
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Argument Alice, Framework Freddy, Comparison Connie, Structure Sam,
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Delivery Danny, Rebuttal Rosie are...
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The Diology Debate Super Team.
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They are here to help develop your superpowers.
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Hello everybody, Dr. David here.
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We will continue your debate training today with a critical lesson on speech organization.
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To guide you through this step of your training, I will introduce Structure SAM.
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Sam's superpower is structure and organization.
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He will teach you how to perfectly organize your speech.
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Hello everyone!
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My name is Structure Sam, and my goal is to train you all how to deliver a perfectly organized speech.
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The first thing to remember is that a speech is just like any good story as a beginning, a middle, and an ending.
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The beginning is the introduction, the middle is the body, and the ending is the conclusion.
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Not much different from writing an essay.
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Let's talk about how to make a speech introduction.
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In the introduction there are a few things you always need to do.
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First, you must introduce yourself and your speaker position.
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For example, you might say: Hello ladies and gentlemen, my name is Sam and I am the first speaker for the PRO team.
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Second, you must introduce the topic and let the audience know which side of the topic you will be arguing.
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For example, you might say: "My partners
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and I are proud to support the topic that mobile phones should be banned in schools." Third,
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let the audience know what your main arguments are by listing the central claims your team will be making.
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three main arguments.
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First, We argue that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Second, we argue that mobile phones distract students from their studies.
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And third, we argue that mobile phones expose students to harmful material.
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Now that you have reminded the judge and the audience what your main arguments are, you'll need to tell them exactly what will happen in your speech.
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This is called a preview.
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This is one way that speeches are different from stories
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and movies we tell the audience from the beginning precisely what will happen in the speech.
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If you are the first speaker of the debate, you might simply say: In my speech today, I will first define the terms of the debate.
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Second, I will deliver our team's first main argument that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Finally, I will provide a conclusion.
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Now students, notice how I always number my different ideas and the parts of my speech.
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I love numbering.
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We call this enumeration.
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It helps the audience follow our speech clearly.
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This is the primary purpose of organization.
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Let's look at what a full speech introduction might look like.
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Hello ladies and gentlemen, my name is Brian and I am the first speaker for the pro team.
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My partners and I are proud to support the topic that: "Mobile phones should be banned in schools."
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we will deliver three main arguments.
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First, we will argue that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Second, we say that mobile phones distract students from their studies.
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And third, we say that mobile phones expose students to harmful material.
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In my speech today, I will first define the terms of the debate.
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Second, I will deliver our team's first main argument that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Finally, I will provide a conclusion.
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So, we have covered the introduction of your speech.
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Now, let's move on to the body of your speech.
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The contents of the body of your speech depend on which speech in the debate you will deliver.
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If you are the first speaker of the debate, the body of your speech must define and frame the topic and also deliver your arguments.
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If you are the second speaker of the debate, the body of your speech must provide rebuttal to the other side and also deliver your team's argument.
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If you are the third speaker in the debate, you must rebuild your partner's argument, provide a rebuttal to the other side, and also deliver a new argument
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The critical thing to remember here is to make sure we deliver on what we promised in our preview.
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The body of our speech begins with signposting our main points.
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First, I will define today's motion and make it clear what our team stands for in today's debate.
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Then you go on to explain the definition and framing of the debate.
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Once you are finished, you make it clear
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that you are moving on to the next part of the body of your speech.
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Now I will move on to the second part of my speech.
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I will deliver our team's first arguments about how mobile phones are bad for students' eyes.
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Then you go on to explain this argument just how Argument Alice taught you.
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Once you are finished, you move on to your conclusion.
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The final part of our speech is a conclusion.
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The conclusion is straightforward and only needs to be a brief statement indicating that your speech is coming to an end.
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In the conclusion section, we reiterate our stance on the topic and urge the audience to support our side.
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The conclusion might sound like this: In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, My partners and I strongly support the topic that mobile phones should be banned in schools.
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Thank you for listening.
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Now you know how to structure your speech.
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Every speech has a clear introduction that lets the audience know exactly what will happen in the speech.
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Every speech is a full body that provides the critical content of our speech: framing, arguments, rebuilding, and rebuttals.
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Every speech has a definite conclusion that offers a confident end for our speech.
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Once you master the basic structure, SAM will teach you even more complex structures.
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Good luck.
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文脈と背景
このビデオは、ディベートスピーチを上手に組織する方法についての指導を行っています。スピーカーは、効果的なスピーチがどのように構成されるべきかを詳細に説明し、特にスピーチの各部分の重要性を強調しています。スピーチは良いストーリーと同様に、始まり、中間、そして終わりが必要です。そのため、自己紹介、トピックの紹介、主要な主張の提示が含まれることが求められます。このビデオは、英語を学びたい人々にとって、構造的な思考能力を高め、効果的なコミュニケーションスキルを育む素晴らしいリソースとなります。
日常コミュニケーションのためのトップ5フレーズ
- 自己紹介: "Hello ladies and gentlemen, my name is Sam and I am the first speaker for the PRO team."
- トピックの紹介: "My partners and I are proud to support the topic that mobile phones should be banned in schools."
- 主張の提示: "First, we argue that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes."
- 話の流れ: "In my speech today, I will first define the terms of the debate."
- 結論の提示: "Finally, I will provide a conclusion."
これらのフレーズは、ディベートや日常会話でのコミュニケーションを円滑に進めるために役立つものです。shadow speechやshadowspeakのテクニックを用いることで、リスニングとスピーキングの能力を同時に向上させることができます。特に、IELTS スピーキング対策にも貢献します。
ステップバイステップ・シャドウイングガイド
このビデオの内容を効果的に習得するためには、以下のステップに従ってください：
- ビデオを再生し、スピーカーの言葉に注意を払いましょう。特に、彼のスピーチの構成やパターンに注目してください。
- 自分のペースでスピーカーの言葉を繰り返すことで、音声を模倣します。このプロセスはshadow speakの一形態です。
- 特定のフレーズや表現を強調して練習することで、それらを日常会話に取り入れることができるようになります。
- 自分のバージョンでスピーチを作成してみましょう。このとき、前述のトップ5フレーズを利用してください。
- 最後に、自分のスピーチを録音し、オリジナルと比較して改善点を探してみてください。
これらのステップを定期的に実践することで、YouTubeで英語学習にも役立つ能力が養われ、英語のスピーキングスキルを向上させることができます。
この動画の文法
話し手がよく使っている文型を、動画の実際の表現とともに紹介します。
| 文型 | 動画での表現 |
|---|---|
| 受動態 be + 過去分詞 — 誰がするかより、何が起きるかに焦点を当てる | should be banned · is called · are finished |
| 現在完了形 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去の出来事が今も関係している | have reminded · have covered |
| 「might / may」による可能性 might/may + 動詞 — 起こりうるが確実ではないこと | might say · might simply say · might look |
| 「should」による助言 should + 動詞 — したほうがよいことを伝える | should be |
シャドーイングとは？英語上達に効果的な理由
シャドーイング（Shadowing）は、もともとプロの通訳者養成プログラムで開発された言語学習法で、多言語習得者として知られるDr. Alexander Arguelles によって広く普及されました。方法はシンプルですが非常に効果的：ネイティブスピーカーの英語を聞きながら、1〜2秒の遅延で声に出してすぐに繰り返す——まるで「影（shadow）」のように話者を追いかけます。文法ドリルや受動的なリスニングと異なり、シャドーイングは脳と口の筋肉が同時にリアルタイムで英語を処理・再現することを強制します。研究により、発音精度、抑揚、リズム、連音、リスニング力、そして会話の流暢さが大幅に向上することが確認されています。IELTSスピーキング対策や自然な英語コミュニケーションを目指す方に特におすすめです。