跟讀練習: How To Make A Debate Speech (Ep 03) - 通過影片學習英語口語
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Argument Alice, Framework Freddy, Comparison Connie, Structure Sam,
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Delivery Danny, Rebuttal Rosie are...
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The Diology Debate Super Team.
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They are here to help develop your superpowers.
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Hello everybody, Dr. David here.
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We will continue your debate training today with a critical lesson on speech organization.
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To guide you through this step of your training, I will introduce Structure SAM.
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Sam's superpower is structure and organization.
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He will teach you how to perfectly organize your speech.
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Hello everyone!
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My name is Structure Sam, and my goal is to train you all how to deliver a perfectly organized speech.
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The first thing to remember is that a speech is just like any good story as a beginning, a middle, and an ending.
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The beginning is the introduction, the middle is the body, and the ending is the conclusion.
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Not much different from writing an essay.
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Let's talk about how to make a speech introduction.
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In the introduction there are a few things you always need to do.
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First, you must introduce yourself and your speaker position.
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For example, you might say: Hello ladies and gentlemen, my name is Sam and I am the first speaker for the PRO team.
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Second, you must introduce the topic and let the audience know which side of the topic you will be arguing.
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For example, you might say: "My partners
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and I are proud to support the topic that mobile phones should be banned in schools." Third,
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let the audience know what your main arguments are by listing the central claims your team will be making.
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three main arguments.
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First, We argue that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Second, we argue that mobile phones distract students from their studies.
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And third, we argue that mobile phones expose students to harmful material.
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Now that you have reminded the judge and the audience what your main arguments are, you'll need to tell them exactly what will happen in your speech.
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This is called a preview.
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This is one way that speeches are different from stories
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and movies we tell the audience from the beginning precisely what will happen in the speech.
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If you are the first speaker of the debate, you might simply say: In my speech today, I will first define the terms of the debate.
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Second, I will deliver our team's first main argument that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Finally, I will provide a conclusion.
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Now students, notice how I always number my different ideas and the parts of my speech.
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I love numbering.
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We call this enumeration.
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It helps the audience follow our speech clearly.
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This is the primary purpose of organization.
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Let's look at what a full speech introduction might look like.
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Hello ladies and gentlemen, my name is Brian and I am the first speaker for the pro team.
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My partners and I are proud to support the topic that: "Mobile phones should be banned in schools."
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we will deliver three main arguments.
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First, we will argue that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Second, we say that mobile phones distract students from their studies.
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And third, we say that mobile phones expose students to harmful material.
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In my speech today, I will first define the terms of the debate.
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Second, I will deliver our team's first main argument that mobile phones are harmful to students' eyes.
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Finally, I will provide a conclusion.
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So, we have covered the introduction of your speech.
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Now, let's move on to the body of your speech.
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The contents of the body of your speech depend on which speech in the debate you will deliver.
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If you are the first speaker of the debate, the body of your speech must define and frame the topic and also deliver your arguments.
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If you are the second speaker of the debate, the body of your speech must provide rebuttal to the other side and also deliver your team's argument.
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If you are the third speaker in the debate, you must rebuild your partner's argument, provide a rebuttal to the other side, and also deliver a new argument
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The critical thing to remember here is to make sure we deliver on what we promised in our preview.
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The body of our speech begins with signposting our main points.
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First, I will define today's motion and make it clear what our team stands for in today's debate.
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Then you go on to explain the definition and framing of the debate.
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Once you are finished, you make it clear
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that you are moving on to the next part of the body of your speech.
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Now I will move on to the second part of my speech.
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I will deliver our team's first arguments about how mobile phones are bad for students' eyes.
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Then you go on to explain this argument just how Argument Alice taught you.
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Once you are finished, you move on to your conclusion.
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The final part of our speech is a conclusion.
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The conclusion is straightforward and only needs to be a brief statement indicating that your speech is coming to an end.
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In the conclusion section, we reiterate our stance on the topic and urge the audience to support our side.
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The conclusion might sound like this: In conclusion, ladies and gentlemen, My partners and I strongly support the topic that mobile phones should be banned in schools.
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Thank you for listening.
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Now you know how to structure your speech.
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Every speech has a clear introduction that lets the audience know exactly what will happen in the speech.
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Every speech is a full body that provides the critical content of our speech: framing, arguments, rebuilding, and rebuttals.
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Every speech has a definite conclusion that offers a confident end for our speech.
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Once you master the basic structure, SAM will teach you even more complex structures.
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Good luck.
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背景與語境
在這段影片中，我們通過“辯論超級團隊”中的角色來學習如何組織辯論演講。影片由戴維博士講解，他將引導我們瞭解如何有效地結構演講。演講不僅需要邏輯清晰的思路，還要吸引聽眾並傳達觀點。掌握這些技巧不僅對辯論有幫助，還能提升你的英語口語整體水平，特別是在雅思口語練習中，結構和表達都非常重要。
日常交流的五大短語
- “Hello ladies and gentlemen” - 一個經典的開場白，用於引入聽眾。
- “My name is Sam and I am the first speaker for the PRO team” - 自我介紹的標準方式，明確你的角色。
- “We are proud to support the topic that...” - 用於介紹你所支援的論點，提升說服力。
- “We will deliver three main arguments” - 提前告知聽眾演講的結構，幫助他們理解。
- “In my speech today, I will first define the terms of the debate” - 為演講設定框架，為聽眾提供清晰的期待。
逐步跟讀指南
要有效提升你的英語口語，尤其是在理解和跟隨演講結構時，建議使用以下方法進行練習：
- 選擇合適的內容： 找到與辯論相關的影片，如“看YouTube學英語”系列，確保內容適合你的水平。
- 逐段練習： 每次觀看時，暫停並重複視頻中的短語和句子，嘗試模仿發音和語調。這一過程可以幫助你在雅思口語練習中顯著改善表達能力。
- 整理筆記： 使用影片中提到的組織結構，手動記錄要點和演講邏輯。這不僅幫助你記憶，還能鍛鍊你的書面表達能力。
- 配合實戰： 找到夥伴進行模擬辯論，運用你所學的短語和結構進行演練。通過“shadowspeaks”技巧，嘗試跟讀並同時制定反駁內容。
- 定期回顧： 每週選擇一個影片進行回顧，記錄下自己在口語表達方面的進步，確保持續提升。
通過以上步驟，你將能夠更好地理解辯論的組織方法，並在英語口語練習中提升自己的信心與流利度。即便是在複雜的演講中，清晰的結構也將為你提供極大的幫助。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | should be banned · is called |
| 現在完成時 have/has + 過去分詞 — 過去發生但與現在仍有關聯的事 | have reminded · have covered |
| 用 “might / may” 表可能 might/may + 動詞 — 有可能但不確定的事 | might say · might simply say · might look |
| 用 “should” 提建議 should + 動詞 — 表示應該做的事 | should be |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。