쉐도잉 연습: How to Deepen Your Friendships - 영상으로 영어 말하기 배우기
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We are inclined to think
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that the secret of great friendship is all about finding someone with whom we mysteriously and wonderfully just click,
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without having to do very much about it.
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But this is arguably an unhelpful stance, because it implies that there is nothing that any of us can do to become better friends.
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Friendship is made to look like a mere happy accident.
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At the School of Life, we think differently.
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We believe that good friendships follow certain principles which can be identified, discussed and taught.
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We firmly believe that we can learn to become better friends and are not any of us born knowing how to be.
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Here then are some of the principles of being a good friend.
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Firstly, asking the right questions.
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We need to learn the art of teasing out of people the bits of themselves that are sincere, vulnerable and true.
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Society tends to encourage us to stay on the surface.
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True friends know how to go deep.
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In order to do so, they ask questions like, How did it feel when X or Y loss occurred?
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They show empathy.
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They say, You must have felt quite sad when...
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They use self -disclosure to encourage others to throw off their masks.
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They might say, I found myself very scared when… Secondly, sincerity.
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Allow space for sadness, regret and melancholy.
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Don't come in with aggressively cheerful, leading questions like, is everything okay then?
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Keep enquiries open.
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Allow room for intimate disclosures.
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Thirdly, silence.
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Don't always speak or interrupt corrupt, allow the other person to unfurl their concerns.
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Fourthly, going deep in you allows them to go deep in themselves.
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People can only go as far with others as they have gone inside themselves.
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A key part of the art of friendship is therefore to know yourself as well as possible, and then to use the data about who you are are,
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as a guide to who others are liable to be.
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We all know that around some people we feel we're boring and have nothing to say.
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This is solely a reflection of how many rooms such people have opened up in their own minds.
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The more they've explored, the more interesting their interlocutors will feel in themselves.
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5. Don't Jabber It can be tempting to talk too much on pet themes.
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Ask yourself with courage, what could another person possibly do with what I propose to tell them? Be ruthless.
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Do they really need to know this?
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Can there be a space in someone else's minds for this, or not so much?
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Sixthly, allow room for weirdness.
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We are all stranger than we're meant to be.
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Know this of yourself and of others, and therefore clear conversational space,
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which will allow space for the odour yet still utterly normal parts of them to assume shape.
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Remember the essential dictum, no one is normal.
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Seventhly, know that everyone is anxious and scared.
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However confident others seem, they are always likely to be inside, close to despair, panic or regret.
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Don't wait for them to tell you this, assume it's true and then just respond accordingly,
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with pre -emptive signs of sympathy and tenderness.
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8. Love in a cold universe We are probably the only things in the universe.
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Out there, it's mostly just gas, rock and silence.
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So, concentrate inside our bonds on conviviality and good humour.
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It's a very strange and tricky business being human, think of how odd it is to have nostrils or elbows.
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So use the alienation and fear of out there to inspire warmth and compassion for ourselves in here.
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이 레슨의 어휘와 말하기 포인트
이 B2 수준 말하기 레슨은 영상 “How to Deepen Your Friendships”을(를) 바탕으로 합니다. 가장 자주 반복되는 단어는 다음과 같습니다: allow, friendship, themselves, space, deep. 이 영상에는 섀도잉할 문장 49개와 단어 600개가 있습니다. 말하는 구간의 길이는 4:18입니다. 화자는 분당 약 139단어의 일정한 속도로 말해서 섀도잉하기에 편한 속도입니다. 단어의 83%가 영어에서 가장 많이 쓰이는 3,000단어에 속합니다. 나머지는 연습 전에 미리 확인해 두세요.
이 영상의 핵심 어휘
영상에서 가장 어려운 단어 15개를 발음, 뜻과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 단어 | 발음 | 뜻 |
|---|---|---|
| scare 동사 | /skɛɚ/ | 놀래키다 |
| interlocutor 명사 | /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/ | 대화자 |
| melancholy 명사 | /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ | 우울, 침울 |
| nostril 명사 | /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/ | 콧구멍 |
| sincerity 명사 | /sɪnˈsɛɹəti/ | 성실, 성의 |
| thirdly 부사 | /ˈθɚdli/ | 셋째로 |
| cheerful 형용사 | /ˈt͡ʃɪɹfl̩/ | 기쁘다 |
| ruthless 형용사 | /ˈɹuːθləs/ | 무자비하다 |
| empathy 명사 | /ˈɛmpəθi/ | 공감 |
| firstly 부사 | /ˈfɜɹstli/ | 첫째로, 먼저 |
| warmth 명사 | /wɔɹmθ/ | 온기 |
| despair 명사 | /dɪˈspɛə(ɹ)/ | 절망 |
| humour 명사 | /ˈhjuːmɚ/ | 유머, 해학 |
| sincere 형용사 | /sɪnˈsɪɹ/ | 진실하다 |
| elbow 명사 | /ˈɛlboʊ̯/ | 팔꿈치 |
이 영상의 문법
화자가 가장 많이 쓰는 문형을 영상 속 실제 표현과 함께 정리했습니다.
| 문형 | 영상 속 표현 |
|---|---|
| 현재완료 have/has + 과거분사 — 과거의 일이 지금도 관련이 있을 때 | have gone · have opened · they've explored |
| 수동태 be + 과거분사 — 누가 하는지보다 무슨 일이 일어나는지에 초점 | is made · can be identified |
주의할 발음
화자는 don't, we're, they've 같은 축약형과 약화된 형태를 7번 사용합니다. 들리는 대로 짧게 발음하세요.
- “th” 소리: fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, thirdly /ˈθɚdli/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, warmth /wɔɹmθ/
- “sh”와 “zh” 소리: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/
- 긴 단어 — 강세 위치에 주의: alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/, interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/, melancholy /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/
한국어 화자가 어려워하는 소리:
- /f/ — ㅍ(/p/)으로 바꾸지 말고 윗니를 아랫입술에 대기: fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, unfurl /ʌnˈfɝl/, unhelpful /ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/, wonderfully /wʌn.də(ɹ).fli/, cheerful /ˈt͡ʃɪɹfl̩/
- /v/ — ㅂ(/b/)과 구별하기: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/
- /z/ — ㅈ이 아니라 성대를 울리는 /s/: tease /tiːz/, propose /pɹəˈpəʊz/
이 영상으로 연습하는 방법
- 먼저 말하지 않고 영상을 끝까지 듣고 모르는 단어를 적어 둡니다.
- 보통 속도로 한 문장씩 섀도잉하고, 화자의 리듬과 맞을 때까지 반복합니다.
- 자신의 목소리를 녹음해 원본과 비교하고, scare, interlocutor, melancholy 같은 단어에 특히 주의합니다.
쉐도잉이란? 영어 실력을 빠르게 키우는 과학적 방법
쉐도잉(Shadowing)은 원래 전문 통역사 훈련을 위해 개발된 언어 학습 기법으로, 다언어 학자인 Dr. Alexander Arguelles에 의해 대중화된 방법입니다. 핵심 원리는 간단하지만 매우 강력합니다: 원어민의 영어를 들으면서 1~2초의 짧은 지연으로 즉시 소리 내어 따라 말하는 것——마치 '그림자(shadow)'처럼 화자를 따라가는 것입니다. 문법 공부나 수동적인 청취와 달리, 쉐도잉은 뇌와 입 근육이 동시에 실시간으로 영어를 처리하고 재현하도록 훈련합니다. 연구에 따르면 이 방법은 발음 정확도, 억양, 리듬, 연음, 청취력, 말하기 유창성을 크게 향상시킵니다. IELTS 스피킹 준비와 자연스러운 영어 소통을 원하는 분들에게 특히 효과적입니다.