Pratica di Shadowing: How to Deepen Your Friendships - Impara a parlare inglese con i video
Creazione lezione...
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We are inclined to think
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that the secret of great friendship is all about finding someone with whom we mysteriously and wonderfully just click,
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without having to do very much about it.
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But this is arguably an unhelpful stance, because it implies that there is nothing that any of us can do to become better friends.
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Friendship is made to look like a mere happy accident.
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At the School of Life, we think differently.
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We believe that good friendships follow certain principles which can be identified, discussed and taught.
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We firmly believe that we can learn to become better friends and are not any of us born knowing how to be.
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Here then are some of the principles of being a good friend.
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Firstly, asking the right questions.
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We need to learn the art of teasing out of people the bits of themselves that are sincere, vulnerable and true.
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Society tends to encourage us to stay on the surface.
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True friends know how to go deep.
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In order to do so, they ask questions like, How did it feel when X or Y loss occurred?
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They show empathy.
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They say, You must have felt quite sad when...
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They use self -disclosure to encourage others to throw off their masks.
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They might say, I found myself very scared when… Secondly, sincerity.
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Allow space for sadness, regret and melancholy.
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Don't come in with aggressively cheerful, leading questions like, is everything okay then?
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Keep enquiries open.
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Allow room for intimate disclosures.
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Thirdly, silence.
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Don't always speak or interrupt corrupt, allow the other person to unfurl their concerns.
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Fourthly, going deep in you allows them to go deep in themselves.
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People can only go as far with others as they have gone inside themselves.
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A key part of the art of friendship is therefore to know yourself as well as possible, and then to use the data about who you are are,
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as a guide to who others are liable to be.
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We all know that around some people we feel we're boring and have nothing to say.
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This is solely a reflection of how many rooms such people have opened up in their own minds.
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The more they've explored, the more interesting their interlocutors will feel in themselves.
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5. Don't Jabber It can be tempting to talk too much on pet themes.
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Ask yourself with courage, what could another person possibly do with what I propose to tell them? Be ruthless.
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Do they really need to know this?
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Can there be a space in someone else's minds for this, or not so much?
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Sixthly, allow room for weirdness.
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We are all stranger than we're meant to be.
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Know this of yourself and of others, and therefore clear conversational space,
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which will allow space for the odour yet still utterly normal parts of them to assume shape.
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Remember the essential dictum, no one is normal.
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Seventhly, know that everyone is anxious and scared.
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However confident others seem, they are always likely to be inside, close to despair, panic or regret.
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Don't wait for them to tell you this, assume it's true and then just respond accordingly,
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with pre -emptive signs of sympathy and tenderness.
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8. Love in a cold universe We are probably the only things in the universe.
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Out there, it's mostly just gas, rock and silence.
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So, concentrate inside our bonds on conviviality and good humour.
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It's a very strange and tricky business being human, think of how odd it is to have nostrils or elbows.
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So use the alienation and fear of out there to inspire warmth and compassion for ourselves in here.
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Vocabolario e note di pronuncia per questa lezione
Questa lezione di conversazione di livello B2 si basa sul video “How to Deepen Your Friendships”. Le parole che ritornano più spesso: allow, friendship, themselves, space, deep. Questo video contiene 49 frasi e 600 parole da ripetere con lo shadowing. Il parlato dura 4:18. Chi parla mantiene un ritmo costante di circa 139 parole al minuto, comodo per lo shadowing. Il 83% delle parole rientra nelle 3.000 più comuni dell’inglese; conviene studiare le altre prima di iniziare.
Vocaboli chiave di questo video
Le 15 parole più avanzate del video, con pronuncia e significato:
| Parola | Pronuncia | Significato |
|---|---|---|
| disclosure sostantivo | /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/ | rivelazione, divulgazione |
| scare verbo | /skɛɚ/ | spaventare, impaurire |
| alienation sostantivo | /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/ | alienazione |
| conversational aggettivo | /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/ | conversazionale |
| interlocutor sostantivo | /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/ | interlocutore, interlocutrice |
| melancholy sostantivo | /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ | malinconia |
| mysteriously avverbio | misteriosamente | |
| nostril sostantivo | /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/ | narice |
| sincerity sostantivo | /sɪnˈsɛɹəti/ | sincerità |
| tenderness sostantivo | /ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/ | tenerezza |
| thirdly avverbio | /ˈθɚdli/ | terziamente |
| unfurl verbo | /ʌnˈfɝl/ | srotolare, spiegare |
| wonderfully avverbio | /wʌn.də(ɹ).fli/ | meravigliosamente |
| tease verbo | /tiːz/ | cardare |
| cheerful aggettivo | /ˈt͡ʃɪɹfl̩/ | allegro, felice |
La grammatica di questo video
Le strutture che chi parla usa di più, con le parole esatte del video:
| Struttura | Nel video |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participio passato — un’azione passata che conta ancora adesso | have gone · have opened · they've explored |
| Forma passiva be + participio passato — conta ciò che accade, non chi lo fa | are inclined · is made · can be identified |
Pronuncia a cui fare attenzione
Chi parla usa 7 contrazioni e forme ridotte, come don't, we're, they've. Pronunciale nella forma breve, così come le senti.
- I suoni “th”: fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, thirdly /ˈθɚdli/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, warmth /wɔɹmθ/
- I suoni “sh” e “zh”: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/
- Parole lunghe — attenzione all’accento: alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/, interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/, melancholy /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/
I suoni difficili per chi parla italiano:
- /h/ — va soffiata, non è muta: unhelpful /ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/, humour /ˈhjuːmɚ/
- Consonante finale — senza aggiungere una vocale dopo: tenderness /ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/, weirdness /ˈwɪɚdnəs/, tease /tiːz/, interrupt /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/
- /æ/ — più aperta della “e”: conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/, sadness /ˈsædnəs/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, stance /stæns/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/
Come esercitarsi con questo video
- Ascolta tutto il video una volta senza parlare e annota le parole che non conosci.
- Fai shadowing frase per frase a velocità normale, ripetendo ognuna finché il tuo ritmo coincide con quello di chi parla.
- Registrati e confronta con l’originale, facendo attenzione a parole come disclosure, scare, alienation.
Cos'è la tecnica dello Shadowing?
Shadowing è una tecnica di apprendimento delle lingue supportata da studi scientifici, originariamente sviluppata per la formazione dei traduttori professionisti e resa popolare dal poliglotta Dr. Alexander Arguelles. Il metodo è semplice ma potente: ascolti un audio in inglese di madrelingua e lo ripeti immediatamente ad alta voce — come un'ombra che segue il parlante con un ritardo di solo 1–2 secondi. A differenza dell'ascolto passivo o degli esercizi di grammatica, lo shadowing costringe il tuo cervello e i muscoli della bocca a elaborare e riprodurre simultaneamente i modelli di discorso reale. La ricerca dimostra che migliora significativamente la precisione della pronuncia, l'intonazione, il ritmo, il discorso connesso, la comprensione dell'ascolto e la fluidità del parlato — rendendolo uno dei metodi più efficaci per la preparazione alla prova di speaking dell'IELTS e per la comunicazione reale in inglese.