跟读练习: How to Deepen Your Friendships - 通过视频学习英语口语
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49 句
如果句子过短或过长，请点击 Edit 进行调整。
1
We are inclined to think
我们倾向于认为
2
that the secret of great friendship is all about finding someone with whom we mysteriously and wonderfully just click,
美好友谊的秘诀就在于找到一个能与我们神奇而又奇妙地一拍即合的人。
3
without having to do very much about it.
而无需为此付出太多努力。
4
But this is arguably an unhelpful stance, because it implies that there is nothing that any of us can do to become better friends.
但这种立场可以说毫无益处，因为它暗示我们任何人都无法通过努力成为更好的朋友。
5
Friendship is made to look like a mere happy accident.
友谊被描绘成一场纯粹的幸运偶遇。
6
At the School of Life, we think differently.
在人生学校，我们有着不同的思考方式。
7
We believe that good friendships follow certain principles which can be identified, discussed and taught.
我们相信，良好的友谊遵循着一些可以被识别、探讨和传授的原则。
8
We firmly believe that we can learn to become better friends and are not any of us born knowing how to be.
我们坚信，人可以通过学习成为更好的朋友，没有人天生就懂得如何做朋友。
9
Here then are some of the principles of being a good friend.
以下是成为好朋友的一些原则。
10
Firstly, asking the right questions.
首先，要提出正确的问题。
11
We need to learn the art of teasing out of people the bits of themselves that are sincere, vulnerable and true.
我们需要学会一种技巧，能够引导人们展现出他们真诚、脆弱和真实的一面。
12
Society tends to encourage us to stay on the surface.
社会往往鼓励我们停留在表面。
13
True friends know how to go deep.
真正的朋友懂得如何深入交心。
14
In order to do so, they ask questions like, How did it feel when X or Y loss occurred?
为了做到这一点，他们会提出诸如“当经历X或Y的损失时，你有什么感受？”之类的问题。
15
They show empathy.
他们会展现同理心。
16
They say, You must have felt quite sad when...
他们说，你当时一定感到非常难过，当……
17
They use self -disclosure to encourage others to throw off their masks.
他们通过自我表露来鼓励他人摘下面具。
18
They might say, I found myself very scared when… Secondly, sincerity.
他们可能会说，我发现自己非常害怕的时候……其次，是真诚。
19
Allow space for sadness, regret and melancholy.
给自己留出容纳悲伤、遗憾与惆怅的空间。
20
Don't come in with aggressively cheerful, leading questions like, is everything okay then?
别一上来就带着过分热情的态度问那种引导性的问题，比如“那一切都还好吧？”
21
Keep enquiries open.
保持询价通道开放。
22
Allow room for intimate disclosures.
留出空间，让人们可以坦诚分享私密心事。
23
Thirdly, silence.
第三点，保持沉默。
24
Don't always speak or interrupt corrupt, allow the other person to unfurl their concerns.
不要总是抢话或打断对方，要让对方把自己的顾虑充分表达出来。
25
Fourthly, going deep in you allows them to go deep in themselves.
第四点，深入了解你能让他们更深入地认识自己。
26
People can only go as far with others as they have gone inside themselves.
人能与他人走得多远，取决于其内心探索抵达的深度。
27
A key part of the art of friendship is therefore to know yourself as well as possible, and then to use the data about who you are are,
因此，交友之道的一个关键部分就是尽可能地了解自己，然后运用关于自身特质的认知，
28
as a guide to who others are liable to be.
作为判断他人可能是什么样的人的参考。
29
We all know that around some people we feel we're boring and have nothing to say.
30
This is solely a reflection of how many rooms such people have opened up in their own minds.
31
The more they've explored, the more interesting their interlocutors will feel in themselves.
32
5. Don't Jabber It can be tempting to talk too much on pet themes.
33
Ask yourself with courage, what could another person possibly do with what I propose to tell them? Be ruthless.
34
Do they really need to know this?
35
Can there be a space in someone else's minds for this, or not so much?
36
Sixthly, allow room for weirdness.
37
We are all stranger than we're meant to be.
38
Know this of yourself and of others, and therefore clear conversational space,
39
which will allow space for the odour yet still utterly normal parts of them to assume shape.
40
Remember the essential dictum, no one is normal.
41
Seventhly, know that everyone is anxious and scared.
42
However confident others seem, they are always likely to be inside, close to despair, panic or regret.
43
Don't wait for them to tell you this, assume it's true and then just respond accordingly,
44
with pre -emptive signs of sympathy and tenderness.
45
8. Love in a cold universe We are probably the only things in the universe.
46
Out there, it's mostly just gas, rock and silence.
47
So, concentrate inside our bonds on conviviality and good humour.
48
It's a very strange and tricky business being human, think of how odd it is to have nostrils or elbows.
49
So use the alienation and fear of out there to inspire warmth and compassion for ourselves in here.
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本课的词汇与口语要点
这节 B2 级别的口语课以视频“How to Deepen Your Friendships”为素材。 视频中反复出现的词有：allow, friendship, themselves, space, deep。 这段视频共有 49 个句子、600 个单词可供跟读。 讲话部分时长为 4:18。 说话人语速平稳，每分钟约 139 个词，很适合跟读。 83% 的单词属于英语最常用的 3,000 词，其余的词建议在练习前先学一下。
视频中的重点词汇
视频中最难的 15 个单词，附发音和释义：
| 单词 | 发音 | 释义 |
|---|---|---|
| disclosure 名词 | /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/ | 披露, 揭露 |
| scare 动词 | /skɛɚ/ | 嚇唬 /吓唬, 使害怕 |
| alienation 名词 | /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/ | 疏離 /疏离 |
| conversational 形容词 | /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/ | 會話式的 /会话式的 |
| interlocutor 名词 | /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/ | 對話者 /对话者, 對談者 /对谈者 |
| melancholy 名词 | /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ | 憂鬱 /忧郁, 悲哀 |
| nostril 名词 | /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/ | 鼻孔, 鼻子眼 |
| sincerity 名词 | /sɪnˈsɛɹəti/ | 真誠 /真诚, 真心 |
| thirdly 副词 | /ˈθɚdli/ | 三來 /三来, 第三 |
| unhelpful 形容词 | /ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/ | 無益 /无益 |
| wonderfully 副词 | /wʌn.də(ɹ).fli/ | 极好地 |
| cheerful 形容词 | /ˈt͡ʃɪɹfl̩/ | 快樂 /快乐, 愉快 |
| interrupt 动词 | /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ | 打斷 /打断, 插嘴 |
| ruthless 形容词 | /ˈɹuːθləs/ | 殘忍 /残忍, 無情 /无情 |
| empathy 名词 | /ˈɛmpəθi/ | 移情, 同感 |
视频中的语法
说话人最常用的结构，并附上视频中的原话：
| 结构 | 视频中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 现在完成时 have/has + 过去分词 — 过去发生但与现在仍有关联的事 | have gone · have opened · they've explored |
| 被动语态 be + 过去分词 — 强调发生了什么，而不是谁做的 | is made · can be identified |
需要注意的发音
说话人用了 7 次缩略和弱读形式，例如 don't, we're, they've。请按听到的简短形式来说。
- “th” 音: fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, thirdly /ˈθɚdli/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, warmth /wɔɹmθ/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/
- 长单词——注意重音位置: alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/, interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/, melancholy /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/
中文母语者容易读错的音：
- /v/ — 不要读成 /w/，上齿轻触下唇: conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/
- 词尾辅音 — 要读清楚，后面不要加元音: tenderness /ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/, weirdness /ˈwɪɚdnəs/, tease /tiːz/, interrupt /ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/
- /r/ 和 /l/ 的区别: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/, nostril /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/
如何用这段视频练习
- 先完整听一遍视频，不要开口，记下不认识的单词。
- 用正常速度逐句跟读，每句重复到你的节奏与说话人一致为止。
- 录下自己的声音并与原声对比，特别注意 disclosure, scare, alienation 这类单词。
什么是跟读法？
跟读法 (Shadowing) 是一种有科学依据的语言学习技巧，最初开发用于专业口译员的培训，并由多语言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。这个方法简单而强大：您在听英语母语原声的同时立即大声重复——就像是一个延迟1-2秒紧跟说话者的影子。与被动听力或语法练习不同，跟读法强迫您的大脑和口腔肌肉同时处理并模仿真实的讲话模式。研究表明它能显着提高发音准确性，语调，节奏，连读，听力理解和口语流利度——使其成为雅思口语备考和真实英语交流最有效的方法之一。