Pratique du Shadowing: How to Deepen Your Friendships - Apprendre l'anglais à l'oral avec la vidéo
Création de la leçon...
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We are inclined to think
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that the secret of great friendship is all about finding someone with whom we mysteriously and wonderfully just click,
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without having to do very much about it.
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But this is arguably an unhelpful stance, because it implies that there is nothing that any of us can do to become better friends.
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Friendship is made to look like a mere happy accident.
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At the School of Life, we think differently.
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We believe that good friendships follow certain principles which can be identified, discussed and taught.
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We firmly believe that we can learn to become better friends and are not any of us born knowing how to be.
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Here then are some of the principles of being a good friend.
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Firstly, asking the right questions.
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We need to learn the art of teasing out of people the bits of themselves that are sincere, vulnerable and true.
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Society tends to encourage us to stay on the surface.
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True friends know how to go deep.
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In order to do so, they ask questions like, How did it feel when X or Y loss occurred?
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They show empathy.
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They say, You must have felt quite sad when...
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They use self -disclosure to encourage others to throw off their masks.
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They might say, I found myself very scared when… Secondly, sincerity.
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Allow space for sadness, regret and melancholy.
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Don't come in with aggressively cheerful, leading questions like, is everything okay then?
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Keep enquiries open.
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Allow room for intimate disclosures.
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Thirdly, silence.
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Don't always speak or interrupt corrupt, allow the other person to unfurl their concerns.
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Fourthly, going deep in you allows them to go deep in themselves.
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People can only go as far with others as they have gone inside themselves.
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A key part of the art of friendship is therefore to know yourself as well as possible, and then to use the data about who you are are,
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as a guide to who others are liable to be.
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We all know that around some people we feel we're boring and have nothing to say.
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This is solely a reflection of how many rooms such people have opened up in their own minds.
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The more they've explored, the more interesting their interlocutors will feel in themselves.
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5. Don't Jabber It can be tempting to talk too much on pet themes.
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Ask yourself with courage, what could another person possibly do with what I propose to tell them? Be ruthless.
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Do they really need to know this?
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Can there be a space in someone else's minds for this, or not so much?
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Sixthly, allow room for weirdness.
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We are all stranger than we're meant to be.
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Know this of yourself and of others, and therefore clear conversational space,
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which will allow space for the odour yet still utterly normal parts of them to assume shape.
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Remember the essential dictum, no one is normal.
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Seventhly, know that everyone is anxious and scared.
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However confident others seem, they are always likely to be inside, close to despair, panic or regret.
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Don't wait for them to tell you this, assume it's true and then just respond accordingly,
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with pre -emptive signs of sympathy and tenderness.
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8. Love in a cold universe We are probably the only things in the universe.
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Out there, it's mostly just gas, rock and silence.
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So, concentrate inside our bonds on conviviality and good humour.
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It's a very strange and tricky business being human, think of how odd it is to have nostrils or elbows.
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So use the alienation and fear of out there to inspire warmth and compassion for ourselves in here.
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Vocabulaire et conseils d’expression pour cette leçon
Cette leçon d’expression orale de niveau B2 s’appuie sur la vidéo « How to Deepen Your Friendships ». Les mots qui reviennent le plus souvent : allow, friendship, themselves, space, deep. Cette vidéo contient 49 phrases et 600 mots à répéter en shadowing. La partie parlée dure 4:18. Le locuteur parle à un rythme régulier d’environ 139 mots par minute, confortable pour le shadowing. 83 % des mots font partie des 3 000 mots les plus courants en anglais ; le reste mérite d’être vu avant de commencer.
Vocabulaire clé de cette vidéo
Les 15 mots les plus avancés de la vidéo, avec leur prononciation et leur sens :
| Mot | Prononciation | Sens |
|---|---|---|
| disclosure nom | /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/ | révélation, divulgation |
| scare verbe | /skɛɚ/ | effrayer |
| alienation nom | /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/ | aliénation |
| conversational adjectif | /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/ | conversationnel |
| fourthly adverbe | /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/ | quatrièmement |
| interlocutor nom | /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/ | interlocuteur, interlocutrice |
| melancholy nom | /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/ | mélancolie |
| mysteriously adverbe | mystérieusement | |
| nostril nom | /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/ | narine, (unformally) trou de nez |
| seventhly adverbe | septièmement | |
| sincerity nom | /sɪnˈsɛɹəti/ | sincérité |
| sixthly adverbe | sixièmement | |
| tenderness nom | /ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/ | tendresse |
| thirdly adverbe | /ˈθɚdli/ | troisièmement, tertio |
| unfurl verbe | /ʌnˈfɝl/ | déployer, dérouler |
Les verbes à particule que vous entendrez
| Mot | Sens |
|---|---|
| throw off verbe | mettre dedans, foirer |
La grammaire de cette vidéo
Les structures que le locuteur utilise le plus, avec les mots exacts de la vidéo :
| Structure | Dans la vidéo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect have/has + participe passé — une action passée qui compte encore maintenant | have gone · have opened · they've explored |
| Voix passive be + participe passé — l’accent est mis sur ce qui arrive, pas sur qui le fait | is made · can be identified |
Prononciation à surveiller
Le locuteur utilise 7 contractions et formes réduites, comme don't, we're, they've. Prononcez-les sous leur forme courte, telles que vous les entendez.
- Les sons « th »: fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, thirdly /ˈθɚdli/, ruthless /ˈɹuːθləs/, empathy /ˈɛmpəθi/, warmth /wɔɹmθ/
- Les sons « sh » et « zh »: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, compassion /kəmˈpæʃ.ən/, anxious /ˈæŋkʃəs/
- Mots longs — placez bien l’accent: alienation /ˌeɪli.əˈneɪʃən/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, conviviality /kənvɪviˈælɪti/, interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/, melancholy /ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/
Les sons difficiles pour les francophones :
- /h/ — il se souffle, il n’est pas muet: unhelpful /ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/, humour /ˈhjuːmɚ/
- /r/ anglais — langue recourbée, sans frotter la gorge: disclosure /dɪsˈkləʊʒə(ɹ)/, conversational /ˌkɒnvə(ɹ)ˈseɪʃənəl/, fourthly /ˈfɔːɹθ.li/, interlocutor /ˌɪn.təɹˈlɑk.jə.təɹ/, nostril /ˈnɒs.tɹɪl/
Comment s’entraîner avec cette vidéo
- Écoutez la vidéo en entier une fois sans parler et notez les mots que vous ne connaissez pas.
- Répétez phrase par phrase à vitesse normale, en reprenant chacune jusqu’à ce que votre rythme corresponde à celui du locuteur.
- Enregistrez-vous et comparez avec l’original, en faisant attention à des mots comme disclosure, scare, alienation.
Qu'est-ce que la technique du Shadowing ?
Le Shadowing est une technique d'apprentissage des langues fondée sur la science, développée à l'origine pour la formation des interprètes professionnels. Le principe est simple mais puissant : vous écoutez de l'anglais natif et le répétez immédiatement à voix haute — comme une ombre suivant le locuteur avec un décalage de 1 à 2 secondes. Les recherches montrent une amélioration significative de la précision de la prononciation, de l'intonation, du rythme, des liaisons, de la compréhension orale et de la fluidité.