레슨 97 · 8단계: 형용사, 부사와 전치사
형용사 + 전치사
중급Adjective + preposition
형태와 쓰임
good at, interested in, afraid of, worried about — 정해진 전치사와 함께 쓰는 형용사
1.형태
많은 형용사는 뒤에 무언가가 올 때 정해진 전치사를 씁니다: 형용사 + 전치사 + 명사 / 대명사 / -ing. 어떤 전치사가 올지는 보통 짐작할 수 없으므로 덩어리째 외우세요. afraid만이 아니라 afraid of로 외우는 것입니다.
| 전치사 뒤에 오는 것 | 예문 |
|---|---|
| 명사 | My brother is interested in history. |
| 대명사 | We're really proud of you. |
| -ing형 | Lan is good at cooking. |
| 의문문: 전치사는 맨 끝에 | What are you worried about? |
전치사 뒤의 동사는 항상 -ing형입니다: interested in learning, good at drawing, tired of waiting(in learn / at draw가 아님). 「전치사 + -ing」 레슨 참고.
2.전치사별 자주 쓰는 형용사
| 전치사 | 형용사 | 예문 |
|---|---|---|
| at | good / bad / great / brilliant / terrible at | Minh is good at maths. |
| in | interested in · involved in | Are you interested in art? |
| of | afraid / scared / frightened / terrified of · proud / ashamed / jealous of · tired / sick of · full / aware / capable / fond of | My little sister is afraid of dogs. |
| about | worried / nervous / excited / upset / sure about | She's nervous about the interview. |
| for | famous / responsible / ready / late for | Hoi An is famous for its lanterns. |
| to | married / engaged to · similar to · kind / polite / rude to (누군가에게) | Hoa is married to a doctor. |
| with | angry / annoyed with (누군가에게) · bored / fed up with · happy / satisfied with · crowded with | The beach was crowded with tourists. |
| on | keen on (영국 영어) · dependent on | My dad is keen on fishing. |
| from | different from · absent from | My job is different from my father's. |
Minh is good at maths, but he's bad at remembering names.
민은 수학은 잘하지만 이름은 잘 못 외워요.
Are you ready for the trip?
여행 갈 준비 됐어요?
I'm tired of eating instant noodles every day.
매일 라면만 먹는 데 질렸어요.
Your phone is similar to mine.
네 휴대폰은 내 것과 비슷하네.
I'm so excited about the holiday!
휴가가 너무 기대돼요!
3.같은 형용사, 다른 전치사
어떤 형용사는 뒤에 사람이 오는지 사물이 오는지에 따라 전치사가 바뀌거나, 뜻이 달라집니다.
| 패턴 | 뜻 | 예문 |
|---|---|---|
| kind / nice / good / silly of sb (to do) | 누군가가 한 일에 대한 평가 | It was kind of you to help me. |
| kind / nice / polite / rude to sb | 누군가를 대하는 태도 | She's always kind to her students. |
| angry / annoyed / upset with sb | 사람에게 화가 남 | My parents are angry with me. |
| angry / annoyed / upset about sth | 어떤 상황 때문에 화가 남 | He's angry about the delay. |
| sorry about / for sth | 무언가에 대해 사과하거나 유감스러워함 | Sorry about the mess. / Sorry for the delay. |
| feel sorry for sb | 누군가를 불쌍하게 여김 | I feel sorry for him. |
| good at / good for / good with | ~을 잘함 · ~에 좋음(건강) · ~을 잘 다룸(사람, 숫자…) | good at maths · good for your health · good with children |
It was really nice of you to call.
전화해 줘서 정말 고마워요.
Please be polite to the customers.
손님들께 예의 바르게 대해 주세요.
Swimming is good for your back.
수영은 허리에 좋아요.
4.영국식 / 미국식, 비격식 변형
- different from은 어디서나 쓸 수 있습니다. 영국 사람들은 different to라고도 하고, 미국 사람들은 different than이라고 자주 말합니다.
- 사람에게 angry with는 영국식 표준 형태이고, angry at은 미국 영어에서 아주 흔합니다.
- surprised / shocked / amazed at과 by 둘 다 맞습니다.
- bored with가 표준 형태이고, bored of는 일상 회화에서 아주 흔합니다.
- married to는 be / get과 함께 씁니다: She got married to a man from Hue. 하지만 동사 marry에는 전치사를 쓰지 않습니다: She married him.
한국어 조사를 그대로 옮기지 마세요. “~와 결혼하다”, “~와 비슷하다”를 옮겨 married with, similar with라고 하기 쉽지만, 영어는 married to, similar to입니다. good at, afraid of처럼 형용사와 전치사를 하나로 묶어서 외우세요.
5.자주 하는 실수
I'm not interested about football.I'm not interested in football.
interested는 항상 in과 씁니다.
She is married with an engineer from Hue.She is married to an engineer from Hue.
be married to + 사람.
My parents are angry on me.My parents are angry with me.
사람에게 화가 남 → angry with(미국: angry at).
Your phone is similar with mine.Your phone is similar to mine.
similar to.
He's good in playing the guitar.He's good at playing the guitar.
능력: good at + -ing.
I'm interested in learn Chinese.I'm interested in learning Chinese.
전치사 뒤에는 -ing를 씁니다.
예문
- Lan is really good at cooking.
- My brother is very interested in history.
- My little sister is afraid of dogs.
- I'm worried about my exam tomorrow.
