Shadowing Practice: Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 3 - Learn English Speaking with Video

Kies een oefenmodus

Elke modus opent een volledig scherm oefenruimte.

47 zinnen
Als zinnen te kort of te lang zijn, klik op Bewerken om ze aan te passen.
1
of microbes so that babies get the best start in life.
2
Passage 3.
3
How to make wise decisions.
4
Across cultures, wisdom has been considered one of the most revered human qualities.
5
Although the truly wise may seem few and far between, empirical research examining wisdom suggests
6
that it isn't an exceptional trait possessed by a small handful of bearded philosophers after all in fact, the latest studies suggest that most of us have the ability to make wise decisions,
7
given the right context.
8
It appears that experiential, situational, and cultural factors are even more powerful in shaping wisdom than previously imagined,
9
says Associate Professor Igor Grossman of the University of Waterloo in Ontario, Canada.
10
Recent empirical findings from cognitive,
11
developmental, social, and personality psychology cumulatively suggest that people's ability to reason wisely varies dramatically across experiential and situational contexts.
12
Understanding the role of such contextual factors offers unique insights into understanding wisdom in daily life, as well as how it can be enhanced and taught.
13
It seems that it's not so much that some people simply possess wisdom and others lack it, but that our ability to reason wisely depends on a variety of external factors.
14
It is impossible to characterize thought processes attributed to wisdom without considering the role of contextual factors, explains Grossman.
15
In other words, wisdom is not solely an inner quality, but rather unfolds as a function of situations people happen to be in.
16
Some situations are more likely to promote wisdom than others.
17
Coming up with a definition of wisdom is challenging, but Grossman and his colleagues have identified four key characteristics as part of a framework of wise reasoning.
18
One is intellectual humility or recognition of the limits of our own knowledge, and another is appreciation of perspectives wider than the issue at hand.
19
Sensitivity to the possibility of change in social relations is also key, along with compromise or integration of different attitudes and beliefs.
20
Grossman and his colleagues have also found
21
that one of the most reliable ways to support wisdom in
22
our own day-to-day decisions is to look at scenarios from a third-party perspective, as though giving advice to a friend.
23
Research suggests that when adopting a first-person viewpoint we focus on the focal features of the environment
24
and when we adopt a third person observer viewpoint we reason more broadly
25
and focus more on interpersonal and moral ideals such as justice and impartiality.
26
Looking at problems from this more expansive viewpoint appears to foster cognitive processes related to wise decisions.
27
What are we to do then
28
when confronted with situations like a disagreement with a spouse or negotiating a contract at work
29
that require us to take a personal stake?
30
Grossman argues that even when we aren't able to change the situation, we can still evaluate these experiences from different perspectives.
31
For example, in one experiment that took place during the peak of a recent economic recession, graduating college seniors were asked to reflect on their job prospects.
32
The students were instructed to imagine their career either, as if you were a distant observer, or, before your own eyes as if you were right there.
33
Participants in the group assigned to the distant observer role displayed more wisdom-related reasoning, intellectual humility and recognition of change,
34
than did participants in the control group.
35
In another study, couples in long-term romantic relationships were instructed to visualize an unresolved relationship conflict either through the eyes of an outsider
36
or from their own perspective.
37
Participants then discussed the incident with their partner for 10 minutes, after which they wrote down their thoughts about it.
38
Couples in the others' eyes condition were significantly more likely to rely on wise reasoning,
39
recognizing others' perspectives and searching for a compromise compared to the couples in the egocentric condition.
40
Ego decentering promotes greater focus on others and enables a bigger picture, conceptual view of the experience, affording recognition of intellectual humility and change, says Grossman.
41
We might associate wisdom with intelligence or particular personality traits,
42
but research shows only a small positive relationship between wise thinking and crystallized intelligence and the personality traits of openness and agreeableness.
43
It is remarkable how much people can vary in their wisdom from one situation to the next,
44
and how much stronger such contextual effects are for understanding the relationship between wise judgment
45
and its social and effective outcomes as compared to the generalized traits grossman explains
46
that is knowing how wisely a person behaves in a given situation is more informative for understanding their emotions
47
or likelihood to forgive or retaliate as compared to knowing whether the person may be wise in general

App downloaden

Alles wat je nodig hebt om vloeiend te spreken

AI UitspraakScoor elke zin
IPA OefeningBeheers elk geluid
WoordenschatBouw je woordenschat op
WoordenspelLeren terwijl je speelt
Scan QR
Scan QR
Download on theApp StoreGet it onGoogle Play
📺 Zelfde Kanaal
Cambridge IELTS 17 Test 4 Reading passage 1C1
3

Cambridge IELTS 17 Test 4 Reading passage 1

IELTS PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 2C1
1

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 2

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 2B2
4

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 2

Cambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge 16 IELTS Reading Test 4 Passage 1B2
2

Cambridge 16 IELTS Reading Test 4 Passage 1

IELTS PrepCambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 1C1
1

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 1

Cambridge Exam PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 3 Passage 3C1
1

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 3 Passage 3

Cambridge Exam PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 1C1
1

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 1

IELTS PrepCambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 3C1
3

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 1 Passage 3

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepBusiness English
Cambridge IELTS 15 Test 4 Reading Passage 2C2
8

Cambridge IELTS 15 Test 4 Reading Passage 2

IELTS PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge 16 IELTS Reading Test 4 Passage 3C1

Cambridge 16 IELTS Reading Test 4 Passage 3

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepUniversity Students
Cambridge 16 IELTS Reading Test 4 Passage 2C1

Cambridge 16 IELTS Reading Test 4 Passage 2

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 3 Passage 2C1

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 3 Passage 2

Cambridge Exam PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 3 Passage 1B2

Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 3 Passage 1

Cambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
✨ Aanbevolen Video
[Audio] Cambridge Vocabulary For Ielts With Answers - 03 1bC1
5
29 zinnen

[Audio] Cambridge Vocabulary For Ielts With Answers - 03 1b

IELTS PrepCambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
English vocabulary in use Advanced Unit 2C1
5
24 zinnen

English vocabulary in use Advanced Unit 2

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
Cambridge 15 Test 3 Section 4 ListeningC1
5
55 zinnen

Cambridge 15 Test 3 Section 4 Listening

IELTS PrepCambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
Buddha's Thoughts on Wisdom | Buddhism In EnglishC1
2
103 zinnen

Buddha's Thoughts on Wisdom | Buddhism In English

University StudentsWorking Adults
Best IELTS Speaking Test?C1
4
298 zinnen

Best IELTS Speaking Test?

IELTS PrepCambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
Introduction to Cognitive Bias: Crash Course Scientific Thinking #1C1
16
158 zinnen

Introduction to Cognitive Bias: Crash Course Scientific Thinking #1

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 5 Lecture with PowerpointC1
4
88 zinnen

Contemporary Topics 2 Unit 5 Lecture with Powerpoint

IELTS PrepTOEFL PrepCambridge Exam Prep
Listening part four (Stoicism) @ieltslisteningpro.24C1
2
63 zinnen

Listening part four (Stoicism) @ieltslisteningpro.24

IELTS PrepUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
Cambridge 16, Test 1 Listening audios with an answer keyC1
5
305 zinnen

Cambridge 16, Test 1 Listening audios with an answer key

IELTS PrepCambridge Exam PrepUniversity Students
IELTS Listening Practice B2–C1 | The Importance of Lifelong Learning in Modern SocietyC1
4
119 zinnen

IELTS Listening Practice B2–C1 | The Importance of Lifelong Learning in Modern Society

IELTS PrepBusiness EnglishUniversity Students

Woordenschat en spreektips bij deze les

Deze spreekles op niveau C1 is gebaseerd op de video “Cambridge Ielts 16 Reading test 2 Passage 3”. Deze woorden komen het vaakst terug: wisdom, wise, grossman, situation, perspective. Deze video bevat 47 zinnen en 776 woorden om na te spreken. Het gesproken deel duurt 4:40. De spreker praat in een natuurlijk tempo van ongeveer 167 woorden per minuut, dicht bij een alledaags gesprek. Slechts 74% van de woorden hoort bij de 3.000 meest gebruikte Engelse woorden, dus de woordenschat is pittig.

Belangrijke woorden in deze video

De 15 moeilijkste woorden uit de video, met uitspraak en betekenis:

WoordUitspraakBetekenis
trait zelfstandig naamwoord/tɹeɪt/karaktereigenschap trek
contextual bijvoeglijk naamwoordcontextueel
humility zelfstandig naamwoord/hjuːˈmɪlɪti/nederigheid, deemoed
wisely bijwoord/ˈwaɪzli/wijselijk
participant zelfstandig naamwoord/pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/deelnemer, participant
observer zelfstandig naamwoord/əbˈzɝvɚ/observator, waarnemer
instruct werkwoord/ɪnˈstɹʌkt/instrueren
empirical bijvoeglijk naamwoord/ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/empirisch
colleague zelfstandig naamwoord/ˈkɒliːɡ/collega, medewerker
possess werkwoord/pəˈzɛs/bezitten
characterize werkwoord/ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/karakteriseren
crystallize werkwoord/ˈkɹɪstəlaɪz/kristalliseren
egocentric bijvoeglijk naamwoord/ˌiːɡəʊˈsɛntɹɪk/egocentrisch, egoistisch
expansive bijvoeglijk naamwoord/ɪkˈspænsɪv/omvattend
impartiality zelfstandig naamwoordonpartijdigheid

Phrasal verbs die je zult horen

WoordBetekenis
come up with werkwoordbedenken, verzinnen
write down werkwoordopschrijven, neerschrijven

Grammatica in deze video

De structuren die de spreker het meest gebruikt, met de exacte woorden uit de video:

StructuurIn de video
Lijdende vorm be + voltooid deelwoord — het gaat om wat er gebeurt, niet om wie het doethas been considered · can be enhanced · were asked
Present perfect have/has + voltooid deelwoord — iets uit het verleden dat nu nog telthas been considered · have identified · have also found

Uitspraak om op te letten

  • De klanken “sh” en “zh”: experiential /ɪkˌspɪɹiˈɛnʃəl/, situational /sɪtjuːˈeɪʃənəl/, visualize /ˈvɪʒuəˌlaɪz/, recession /ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/, negotiate /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/
  • Lange woorden — let op de klemtoon: humility /hjuːˈmɪlɪti/, participant /pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/, experiential /ɪkˌspɪɹiˈɛnʃəl/, situational /sɪtjuːˈeɪʃənəl/, empirical /ɪmˈpɪɹɪkəl/

Klanken die Nederlandstaligen lastig vinden:

  • Stemhebbende eindmedeklinker — /b/, /d/, /g/, /z/, /v/ niet verscherpen: colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, characterize /ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/, crystallize /ˈkɹɪstəlaɪz/, expansive /ɪkˈspænsɪv/, generalize /ˈd͡ʒɛn.(ə.)ɹə.laɪz/
  • /æ/ — opener dan de Nederlandse “e”: expansive /ɪkˈspænsɪv/, retaliate /ɹɪˈtæl.i.eɪt/, attribute /ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/, characteristic /ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/, enhance /ɪnˈhæns/
  • /g/ — een harde plofklank, geen Nederlandse “g”: colleague /ˈkɒliːɡ/, egocentric /ˌiːɡəʊˈsɛntɹɪk/, disagreement /dɪsəˈɡɹiːmənt/, negotiate /nəˈɡəʊ.ʃi.eɪt/

Zo oefen je met deze video

  1. Luister de hele video één keer zonder te spreken en noteer de woorden die je niet kent.
  2. Begin op 0,75× snelheid, spreek zin voor zin na en ga terug naar normale snelheid zodra het makkelijk gaat.
  3. Neem jezelf op en vergelijk met het origineel; let daarbij op woorden als trait, contextual, humility.

Wat is de Shadowing-techniek?

Shadowing is een wetenschappelijk onderbouwde taalleermethode die oorspronkelijk is ontwikkeld voor professionele tolkentraining en gepopulariseerd door polyglot Dr. Alexander Arguelles. De methode is eenvoudig maar krachtig: je luistert naar native Engelse audio en herhaalt het onmiddellijk hardop — als een schaduw die de spreker volgt met slechts 1–2 seconden vertraging. In tegenstelling tot passief luisteren of grammaticadrills, dwingt shadowing je hersenen en mondspieren om echte spraakpatronen tegelijkertijd te verwerken en te reproduceren. Onderzoek toont aan dat het de uitspraaknauwkeurigheid, intonatie, ritme, verbonden spraak, luisterbegrip en spreekvaardigheid aanzienlijk verbetert — waardoor het een van de meest effectieve methoden is voor IELTS Speaking-voorbereiding en echte Engelse communicatie.

Shadowing-techniek: lees de volledige stap-voor-stap-gids →