Prática de Shadowing: How to Start a Business - Aprenda a falar inglês com vídeo
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Many of us want to start our own businesses.
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Public space is filled with reports of new ventures.
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But the reporting on entrepreneurship is heavily skewed in one particular direction:
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towards people who've started new kinds of businesses ; pioneers who've pushed the boundaries of commerce by creating a wholly new offering,
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usually through the help of some form of innovative piece of technology.
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The new entrepreneurs might, for example, have invented an app for measuring and controlling the humidity of clothes closets,
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or they might have come up with a tiny sensor that can detect hunger in domestic animals, or they've built a social platform to connect people planning a trip to Italy.
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This emphasis on novelty can leave us feeling that the chief
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and correct way to become an entrepreneur is invariably going to be through radical, technologically based innovation.
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We may therefore, as we contemplate an entrepreneurial future, ask ourselves, with increasing panic,
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what entirely unthought of idea we might ourselves come up with to propel us forwards.
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In our frenzy, the answers we arrive at may start to lean towards the implausible, the trite or the naive.
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But there is another path.
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Most of the economy is made up of businesses doing stuff that people have always been doing, or have been doing for a very long time.
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Making daily bread, or shirts, or trousers, teaching languages, or giving travellers a bed for the night, raising animals, or fixing teeth.
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In other words, most businesses operate in areas that economists call 'mature', sectors where it's rather hard to come in and make a surprising fortune.
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But that doesn't mean these sectors should be ignored.
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Far from it.
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There are a plethora of hugely meaningful possibilities hiding for us
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in plain sight on account of one perhaps surprising fact about the economy.
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A majority of businesses don't love what they do.
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we might make a basic distinction between two kinds of businesses: pragmatic businesses, and businesses of love.
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Pragmatic businesses are everywhere.
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They almost define for us what we think business is in its essence.
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They know how to make their product or service with a sound degree of competence.
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But there is a practical, unidealistic edge to the way they go about things.
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There isn't anything very powerful drawing them to their particular offering.
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They might easily have been doing something else.
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They don't care about the long term.
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The business is only a vehicle for an underlying financial purpose.
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One eye is always focused on how to sell up.
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didn't have to work, they almost certainly wouldn't.
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Such pragmatic businesses may do fine or even very well for a long time.
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But the motivations are easy enough to spot.
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A discerning eye can tell something crucial within minutes of walking through the door.
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This is not being done with or full love.
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pragmatic businesses dominate the economy.
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One might say that over 85 % of businesses fall into this category.
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But there are parts of the economy, and they are heavily in the minority, where things are being done rather differently.
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Businesses of love produce many varied things, but there are some underlying principles holding them together.
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Here, love means: a total commitment to excellence of a given product
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or service a desire to reinvest almost all profit into guaranteeing this excellence.
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a focus on the long term, because the business is, for its owners, the meaning of life.
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There is no interest in selling the firm right now or perhaps ever.
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The dearest wish might be to give it to someone you love, like your child.
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Love means you almost do it for free and don't only because you need to live.
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You need to pay your employees and you want the business to be able to last into the long term.
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The product or service is what you love and you love it inordinately.
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Businesses of love are the sort where the owner has scoured the world for the best kind of flour
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and wakes up excitedly at dawn to check on the progress of each of the loaves.
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Or the aircraft factory, where the workers think of every play in their building almost like a relative they will always care for.
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Or the stationery shop, where notebooks and paper are viewed as objects of beauty rather than utility.
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Or the travel agency that won't rest until it knows its clients have enjoyed their trips rather than just paid for them.
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Or the sandwich store that views a fine avocado and chicken roll as one of the authentic joys in a tricky life.
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Businesses run for love are not always successful in the standard financial sense of the term.
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Some might just be returning a little over 3 % a year.
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But for these enterprises, money is only ever a means to a greater, more purposeful end.
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There are huge opportunities to hand for any would -be entrepreneurs, because most of the economy is in the hands of people who don't love what they're doing.
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Most law firms, dentist offices, hotels and bakeries aren't in it for love.
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They may be efficient and canny, but they are ultimately just waiting to sell up.
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We don't need to be very original to succeed.
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We don't need to have invented anything very new.
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We just need to make sense of our lives and make an honest living along the way,
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to offer the world something we love a little more intensely than most people do.
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Thank you for commenting, liking and subscribing.
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Our book, A Job to Love, is a practical guide to finding fulfilling work.
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To find out more, follow the link on your screen now.
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O que você vai aprender
Com esse vídeo, você desenvolve três habilidades práticas de fala em inglês: expressar ideias complexas sobre empreendedorismo de forma clara, usar termos específicos de negócios (como "mature sectors" ou "pragmatic businesses") com confiança e participar de discussões sobre motivações profissionais de maneira fluente. Essas habilidades são essenciais para conversas em contextos profissionais ou acadêmicos.
Ouça esses sons
No áudio, preste atenção a connected speech (fala conectada) e reduções comuns. Por exemplo: "want to" se torna "wanna" (/ˈwɑːnə/), "of a" é pronunciado "uhvuh" (/əvə/) e "because" soa como "cuz" (/kəz/). Essas ligações ajudam a fazer sua fala soar mais natural, como a de um nativo. Pratique escutar e repetir essas combinações para melhorar sua compreensão e pronúncia.
Fale como um nativo
Para imitar o ritmo e a ênfase do locutor, use a técnica de shadow speak (falar ao som). Repita frases como "Most of the economy is made up of businesses doing stuff that people have always been doing" mantendo a mesma velocidade e destacando palavras-chave: "economy", "businesses", "always". Observe que o locutor usa pausas antes de exemplos (como "for example, have invented an app") para dar destaque. Além disso, a entonação sobe nas perguntas retóricas, como "what entirely unthought of idea we might ourselves come up with to propel us forwards?". Esses detalhes fazem sua fala mais persuasiva e fácil de seguir.
Aprender inglês com YouTube é uma ótima forma de treinar a fala, e o shadow speak é uma técnica comprovada para melhorar a fluência. Dedique 10 minutos por dia a repetir trechos do vídeo, focando nas ligações e na ênfase. Com o tempo, você notará que sua pronúncia e ritmo se aproximam cada vez mais de um nativo. Lembre-se: a prática constante é a chave para dominar o inglês falado!
Gramática neste vídeo
As estruturas que o falante mais usa, com as palavras exatas do vídeo:
| Estrutura | No vídeo |
|---|---|
| Present perfect continuous have/has been + -ing — uma ação que começou antes e continua | have always been doing · have been doing |
| Voz passiva be + particípio passado — o foco está no que acontece, não em quem faz | is filled · is made · should be ignored |
| Present perfect have/has + particípio passado — uma ação passada que ainda importa agora | who've started · have invented · they've built |
O que é a Técnica de Shadowing?
Shadowing é uma técnica de aprendizado de idiomas com base científica, originalmente desenvolvida para o treinamento de intérpretes profissionais. O método é simples, mas poderoso: você ouve áudio em inglês nativo e repete imediatamente em voz alta — como uma sombra seguindo o falante com 1-2 segundos de atraso. Pesquisas mostram melhora significativa na precisão da pronúncia, entonação, ritmo, sons conectados, compreensão auditiva e fluência na fala.