跟讀練習: How our expectations shape what we see, hear, and feel - 通過影片學習英語口語
選擇練習模式
每種模式都會開啟全屏練習室。
64 句
如果句子過短或過長，請點選 Edit 進行調整。
1
It can certainly feel like emotions happen to you, that they bubble up and that they cause you to do and say things.
2
But that experience is an illusion that the brain creates.
但那種體驗其實是大腦產生的一種錯覺。
3
Not everybody has as much control as they might like, but everybody has a little more control than they think they do.
並非每個人都能擁有自己期望的那麼多掌控力，但每個人所擁有的掌控力，其實都比自己以為的要多一點。
4
When you're experiencing emotion or you're in an emotional state, what your brain is doing is telling itself a story about
當你正在經歷某種情緒，或者處於情緒狀態中時，你的大腦其實是在向自己講述一個關於
5
what is going on inside your body in relation to what's happening in the world.
你的身體內部正在發生什麼，與外界世界的變化又有著怎樣的關聯。
6
Your brain is always regulating your body.
你的大腦始終在調節你的身體。
7
Your body is always sending sensory information back to your brain.
你的身體會持續不斷地向大腦傳遞感官資訊。
8
And your brain isn't wired in a way for you to experience those sensory changes specifically.
而且你的大腦的連線方式並不足以讓你具體體驗到那些感官變化。
9
Instead, what you experience is a summary.
10
And that's where those simple feelings come from.
11
If you understand that every experience you have now becomes part of your brain's ability to predict,
12
then you realize that the best way to change your past is to change your present.
13
Just in the same way that you would exercise to make yourself healthier,
14
you can invest energy to cultivate different experiences for yourself.
15
The fact that your brain is using your past experience to predict what you're going to see and hear and feel
16
means that you are an architect of your experience.
17
And that doesn't involve breaking predictions.
18
It involves seeding your brain to predict differently.
19
It's my belief that the way in which emotions evolved was to deal with things like saber-toothed tigers,
20
the current incarnation of which is the car that's suddenly lurching at your car at a high speed.
21
You don't have time to think.
22
In split seconds, you have to do and make very complex decisions.
23
And if you had to think about what you were doing, you'd be dead.
24
It's a system that evolved to deal with really important things without your thinking about.
25
So that means that sometimes you're going to be very unconsidered, very thoughtless.
26
Well, these exercises that we're giving people, moving their facial muscles,
27
concentrating on the sensations to make them more aware of an emotion
28
when it arises so that they will feel it at the moment
29
and then can say did you really mean to ignore me?
30
No. It was just an accident or maybe I shouldn't jump to the conclusion that she doesn't care about me at all.
31
The way in which we can improve of our emotional life is to introduce conscious awareness.
32
Nature did not want you to do that.
33
So you have to do it yourself.
34
All relationships are colored with expectations about myself and about the other.
35
My expectations influence that which I then see or hear.
36
It is a filter as well as my mood.
37
That is one of the most important things to understand about relationships and communication
38
is how people actually co-create each other in the context of a relationship, because those people make part of who we are.
39
We will draw from them the very things which we expect from them, even when it's the opposite of what we really want.
40
A lot of emphasis is put on our ability to say certain things, to say them in the right way,
41
to articulate our needs, our feelings, our thoughts, our positions, our opinions.
42
What is lacking is the ability to see
43
that speaking is entirely dictated by the quality of the listening that is reflected back on us.
44
If I am talking to someone who is on their phone, I will be expressing myself and experiencing the communication completely different than
45
if I am speaking to someone who is looking at me in the eyes who says to me, I get it, I understand.
46
Not necessarily I agree, because ultimately, if I speak to you, and in the end, I live feeling even more alone,
47
I am literally in an existential crisis.
48
There is nothing worse than to be alone in the presence of another.
49
So when you listen to me, the first thing I need to know is that I have your attention.
50
The second thing I need to know is that maybe you can acknowledge the validity of my point of view.
51
And potentially you may even empathize with my point of view.
52
You can understand why I would think or feel or experience things the way I do.
53
That reflecting back, acknowledging, validating, empathizing.
54
That sequence is where the depth of communication takes place.
55
When you enter this world, you're not wired full of memories that your brain will use to predict.
56
Other people cultivate your world
57
and as a consequence they are wiring your brain full of experiences that your brain will then use to predict.
58
So as an adult you can make decisions about what you experience now.
59
You can make choices about how you act and those decisions
60
and choices either reinforce the predictions that your brain makes or it changes them.
61
Sometimes in life we are responsible for changing things not
62
because we're culpable or to blame for those things but because we're the only ones who can change them.
63
You always have tools available at your disposal to heal yourself,
64
to act differently, and to feel differently.
同頻道
C13
The shock of doing nothing | Andrew Holecek
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
How many people are in hell? | Bishop Robert Barron
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C12
Why schools of the future will be designed with geneticists | Kathryn Paige Harden
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C14
Why sex, food, and shelter aren’t enough for Homo Sapiens | Agustín Fuentes
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
Evolution explains kindness—even when it kills us | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C13
Become a great strategic thinker | Ian Bremmer
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C16
Kids don’t always make you happier. Here’s why people have them anyway. | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Where is the evidence for God? | Bishop Robert Barron
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
Supernatural thinking: Your brain’s anti-anxiety mode | Clay Routledge
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
A mind-blowing explanation of symmetry | Frank Wilczek for Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B21
How evolution works, in 54 minutes | Sean B. Carroll: Full Interview
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C13
Mindfulness isn’t the only powerful mental state | Clay Routledge
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
Why ‘turning the other cheek’ is fundamentally misunderstood | Bishop Robert Barron
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
What kind of atheist are you? | Clay Routledge
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C185
What science can’t answer, according to physicist Jim Al-Khalili | Big Think
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B23
How do elite performers automate their habits? | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
B25
Hit peak performance with the power of habit | Wendy Wood
Daily ConversationWorking Adults
C12
Why I’m against empathy | Paul Bloom
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
The famous tree-falling thought experiment has a new answer | Lisa Feldman Barrett
Daily ConversationUniversity Students
C11
12 traits emotionally intelligent people share (You can learn them) | Daniel Goleman for Big Think+
Daily ConversationUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
FOR YOU
推薦影片
C13
67 句
The strange science of your ever-changing identity
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C14
379 句
How Foods & Nutrients Control Our Moods | Huberman Lab Essentials
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C1112
46 句
What is Emotional Intelligence?
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
607 句
5 Stoic lessons to become your best self in 2026 | Massimo Pigliucci
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
118 句
WHY NOTHING FEELS INTERESTING ANYMORE (and how to fix it with neuroscience)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C111
208 句
The Psychology of Power, Silence, and Self-Control! | Robert Greene
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C11
33 句
Why We Sabotage Our Own Happiness
British AccentBusiness EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
227 句
Whatever triggers you is trying to set you free.
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C12
192 句
Make Body Language Your Superpower
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C124
146 句
You're More Stressed Than Ever - Let's Change That
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C15
317 句
Give Me 18 Minutes and I’ll Make you Dangerously Smart (with AI)
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
C19
173 句
The 21st century brain
Business EnglishUniversity StudentsWorking Adults
本課的詞彙與口語要點
這段影片共有 64 個句子、881 個單詞可供跟讀。 講話部分時長為 6:51。 說話人語速平穩，每分鐘約 128 個詞，很適合跟讀。 87% 的單詞屬於英語最常用的 3,000 詞，其餘的詞建議在練習前先學一下。
影片中的重點詞彙
影片中 15 個值得學習的單詞，附發音和釋義：
| 單詞 | 發音 | 釋義 |
|---|---|---|
| predict 動詞 | /pɹɪˈdɪkt/ | 預言 /預言 |
| emotion 名詞 | /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/ | 感情, 情感 |
| wire 名詞 | /ˈwaɪɚ/ | 線 /線, 鐵絲 /鐵絲 |
| reflect 動詞 | /ɹɪˈflɛkt/ | 反映, 反射 |
| acknowledge 動詞 | /əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ | 承認 /承認 |
| expectation 名詞 | /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/ | 等待 |
| prediction 名詞 | /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/ | 預言 /預言, 預估 /預估 |
| sensory 形容詞 | /ˈsɛn.sə.ɹi/ | 感覺的 /感覺的 |
| ignore 動詞 | /ɪɡˈnɔː/ | 無視 /無視, 忽略 |
| necessarily 副詞 | /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/ | 必然地, 必定地 |
| belief 名詞 | /bɪˈliːf/ | 相信, 信心 |
| awareness 名詞 | /əˈwɛɹ.nəs/ | 意識 /意識, 覺悟 /覺悟 |
| mood 名詞 | /muːd/ | 心情, 情緒 /情緒 |
| muscle 名詞 | /ˈmʌs.əl/ | 肌肉, 筋肉 |
| conclusion 名詞 | /kənˈkluːʒən/ | 結束 /結束 |
需要注意的發音
說話人用了 14 次縮略和弱讀形式，例如 you're, we're, doesn't。請按聽到的簡短形式來說。
- “th” 音: tooth /tuθ/, empathize /ˈɛmpəˌθaɪz/, thoughtless /ˈθɔtləs/
- “sh” 和 “zh” 音: emotion /ɪˈməʊ.ʃən/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, prediction /pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/, conclusion /kənˈkluːʒən/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/
- 長單詞——注意重音位置: differently /ˈdɪf.ə.ɹənt.li/, expectation /ˌɛk.spɛkˈteɪ.ʃən/, necessarily /ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/, potentially /pəˈtɛnʃ(ə)li/, validity /vəˈlɪd.ɪ.ti/
如何用這段影片練習
- 先完整聽一遍影片，不要開口，記下不認識的單詞。
- 用正常速度逐句跟讀，每句重複到你的節奏與說話人一致為止。
- 錄下自己的聲音並與原聲對比，特別注意 predict, emotion, wire 這類單詞。
影片中的語法
說話人最常用的結構，並附上影片中的原話：
| 結構 | 影片中的用法 |
|---|---|
| 被動語態 be + 過去分詞 — 強調發生了什麼，而不是誰做的 | isn't wired · are colored · is put |
| 定語從句 who / which + 從句 — 補充說明人或事物 | someone who is · ones who can |
什麼是跟讀法？
跟讀法 (Shadowing) 是一種有科學依據的語言學習技巧，最初開發用於專業口譯員的培訓，並由多語言者Alexander Arguelles博士普及。這個方法簡單而強大：您在聽英語母語原聲的同時立即大聲重複——就像是一個延遲1-2秒緊跟說話者的影子。與被動聽力或語法練習不同，跟讀法強迫您的大腦和口腔肌肉同時處理並模模擬實的講話模式。研究表明它能顯著提高發音準確性，語調，節奏，連讀，聽力理解和口語流利度——使其成為雅思口語備考和真實英語交流最有效的方法之一。